Describes Swine Flu prevention in detail by DR. TV Rao , HOD -department of Microbiology

1. SWINE FLUSWINE FLU
preventionprevention
Dr.T.V.Rao MDDr.T.V.Rao MD

2. What is Swine influenzaWhat is Swine influenza
 Swine influenzaSwine influenza (also called(also called H1N1 fluH1N1 flu,,
swine fluswine flu,, hog fluhog flu, and, and pig flupig flu)) is anis an
infection by any one of several types ofinfection by any one of several types of
swine influenza virus.swine influenza virus. Swine influenzaSwine influenza
virusvirus ((SIVSIV) is any strain of the influenza) is any strain of the influenza
family of viruses that is endemic in pigsfamily of viruses that is endemic in pigs

3. Swine Flu A GlobalSwine Flu A Global
ConcernConcern

4. Swine flu – A acuteSwine flu – A acute
respiratory infectionrespiratory infection
 Swine flu is an infection caused by a virus.Swine flu is an infection caused by a virus.
It's named for a virus that pigs can get.It's named for a virus that pigs can get.
People do not normally get swine flu, butPeople do not normally get swine flu, but
human infections can and do happen. Thehuman infections can and do happen. The
virus is contagious and can spread fromvirus is contagious and can spread from
human to human. Symptoms of swine fluhuman to human. Symptoms of swine flu
in people are similar to the symptoms ofin people are similar to the symptoms of
regular human flu and include fever,regular human flu and include fever,
cough, sore throat, body aches,cough, sore throat, body aches,
headache, chills and fatigue.headache, chills and fatigue.

5. Swine flu spreads throughSwine flu spreads through
Respiratory routeRespiratory route
 The main way thatThe main way that
influenza viruses areinfluenza viruses are
thought to spread isthought to spread is
from person to personfrom person to person
in respiratory dropletsin respiratory droplets
of coughs andof coughs and
sneezes.sneezes.

6. Swine flu can begin withSwine flu can begin with
 FFever withever with
SSudden symptoms ofudden symptoms of
 AAchesches
 CChillshills
 TTirednessiredness

7. May Preset with more severeMay Preset with more severe
symptomssymptoms
 Fever (usually high)Fever (usually high)
 HeadacheHeadache
 Muscle achesMuscle aches
 ChillsChills
 Extreme tirednessExtreme tiredness
 Dry coughDry cough
 Runny nose may also occur but is more common inRunny nose may also occur but is more common in
children than adultschildren than adults
 Stomach symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, andStomach symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and
diarrhea, may also occur but are more common indiarrhea, may also occur but are more common in
children than adultschildren than adults
 Donot self Diagnose Visit a Health CentreDonot self Diagnose Visit a Health Centre

9. Yet no Vaccine available forYet no Vaccine available for
Swine fluSwine flu
 There are antiviralThere are antiviral
medicines you canmedicines you can
take to prevent ortake to prevent or
treat swine flu. Theretreat swine flu. There
is no vaccineis no vaccine
available right now toavailable right now to
protect against swineprotect against swine
flu. You can helpflu. You can help
prevent the spread ofprevent the spread of
germs that causegerms that cause
respiratory illnessesrespiratory illnesses
like influenzalike influenza

10. CDC on Swine FluCDC on Swine Flu
 Flu is a seriousFlu is a serious
contagiouscontagious
disease. Eachdisease. Each
year in the Unitedyear in the United
States, onStates, on
average, moreaverage, more
than 200,000than 200,000
people arepeople are
hospitalized andhospitalized and
36,000 people die36,000 people die
from seasonal flufrom seasonal flu
complicationcomplication

11. CDC guides the World inCDC guides the World in
largelarge

12. Prevention is the Best optionPrevention is the Best option
 Covering yourCovering your
nose and mouthnose and mouth
with a tissue whenwith a tissue when
you cough oryou cough or
sneeze. Throw thesneeze. Throw the
tissue in the trashtissue in the trash
after you useafter you use

13. Hand washing a TopHand washing a Top
prioritypriority
 Washing your handsWashing your hands
often with soap andoften with soap and
water, especially afterwater, especially after
you cough or sneeze.you cough or sneeze.
You can also useYou can also use
alcohol-based handalcohol-based hand
cleaners.cleaners.

14. Touching face regions canTouching face regions can
faster the Spreadfaster the Spread
 AvoidingAvoiding
touching yourtouching your
eyes, nose oreyes, nose or
mouth.mouth.
Virus can spreadVirus can spread
this way in athis way in a
faster wayfaster way

15. Keep safe distance fromKeep safe distance from
patientspatients
Trying toTrying to
avoid closeavoid close
contact withcontact with
sick people.sick people.

16. Staying home from work orStaying home from work or
school if you are sickschool if you are sick

17. Avoid crowded placesAvoid crowded places
more so with young childrenmore so with young children

18. Presenting with mild cold likePresenting with mild cold like
symptoms - Take restsymptoms - Take rest

19. If you have flu like symptomsIf you have flu like symptoms
 If you are sick with flu-like illness,If you are sick with flu-like illness, CDCCDC
recommends that you stay home for at least 24recommends that you stay home for at least 24
hours after your fever is gone except to gethours after your fever is gone except to get
medical care or for other necessities. (Your fevermedical care or for other necessities. (Your fever
should be gone without the use of a fever-should be gone without the use of a fever-
reducing medicine.) Keep away from others asreducing medicine.) Keep away from others as
much as possible. This is to keep from makingmuch as possible. This is to keep from making
others sick.others sick.
 While sick, limit contact with others to keep fromWhile sick, limit contact with others to keep from
infecting them.infecting them.

20. The N95 Mask is Effective.The N95 Mask is Effective.
but Must be Tight-Fittingbut Must be Tight-Fitting

21. Using N95 mask reduces theUsing N95 mask reduces the
RiskRisk
 You can cut your risk ofYou can cut your risk of
contracting the flu orcontracting the flu or
other respiratory virusesother respiratory viruses
by as much as 80 percentby as much as 80 percent
by wearing a mask overby wearing a mask over
your nose and mouth,your nose and mouth,
according to a new study.according to a new study.
Emerging Infectious DiseasesEmerging Infectious Diseases, the, the
journal of the Centres for Diseasejournal of the Centres for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) .Control and Prevention (CDC) .

23. Disposing the Trash fromDisposing the Trash from
patientspatients
 Throw away tissuesThrow away tissues
and other disposableand other disposable
items used by the sickitems used by the sick
person in the trash.person in the trash.
 Wash your handsWash your hands
after touching usedafter touching used
tissues and similartissues and similar
wastewaste

24. Keep household surfacesKeep household surfaces
Clean and HygienicClean and Hygienic
 Keep surfacesKeep surfaces
(especially bedside(especially bedside
tables, surfaces in thetables, surfaces in the
bathroom, and toys forbathroom, and toys for
children) clean bychildren) clean by
wiping them down withwiping them down with
a household disinfectanta household disinfectant
according to directionsaccording to directions
on the product label.on the product label.

25. Care for common mattersCare for common matters
used by Swine flu patientsused by Swine flu patients
 Linens, eatingLinens, eating
utensils, and dishesutensils, and dishes
belonging to thosebelonging to those
who are sick do notwho are sick do not
need to be cleanedneed to be cleaned
separately, butseparately, but
importantly theseimportantly these
items should not beitems should not be
shared withoutshared without
washing thoroughlywashing thoroughly
first.first.

26. Washing linensWashing linens
 Wash linens (such asWash linens (such as
bed sheets and towels)bed sheets and towels)
by using householdby using household
laundry soap andlaundry soap and
tumble dry on a hottumble dry on a hot
setting. Avoid “hugging”setting. Avoid “hugging”
laundry prior to washinglaundry prior to washing
it to preventit to prevent
contaminating yourself.contaminating yourself.

27. Eating utensils need cleaningEating utensils need cleaning
 Eating utensils shouldEating utensils should
be washed either in abe washed either in a
dishwasher or bydishwasher or by
hand with water andhand with water and
soap.soap.

28. Donot forget to wash yourDonot forget to wash your
hands after all these actshands after all these acts

29. Anti viral drugsAnti viral drugs
 If you get seasonal or novel H1N1 flu, antiviralIf you get seasonal or novel H1N1 flu, antiviral
drugs can treat the flu.drugs can treat the flu.
 Antiviral drugs are prescription medicines (pills,Antiviral drugs are prescription medicines (pills,
liquid or an inhaled powder) that fight against theliquid or an inhaled powder) that fight against the
flu by keeping flu viruses from reproducing influ by keeping flu viruses from reproducing in
your body.your body.
 Antiviral drugs can make your illness milder andAntiviral drugs can make your illness milder and
make you feel better faster. They may alsomake you feel better faster. They may also
prevent serious flu complications.prevent serious flu complications.

30. Anti Viral Drugs should beAnti Viral Drugs should be
prescribed, Not a self Medicationprescribed, Not a self Medication
 Antiviral drugs are not sold over-the-counter andAntiviral drugs are not sold over-the-counter and
are different from antibiotics.are different from antibiotics.
 Antiviral drugs may be especially important forAntiviral drugs may be especially important for
people who are very sick (hospitalized) orpeople who are very sick (hospitalized) or
people who are sick with the flu and who are atpeople who are sick with the flu and who are at
increased risk of serious flu complications, suchincreased risk of serious flu complications, such
as pregnant women, young children and thoseas pregnant women, young children and those
with chronic health conditionwith chronic health condition
 For treatment, antiviral drugs work best ifFor treatment, antiviral drugs work best if
started within the first 2 days ofstarted within the first 2 days of
symptomssymptoms

31. No reason to panic –effectiveNo reason to panic –effective
drugs are availabledrugs are available
 The two antiviral drugs approved by the FDA forThe two antiviral drugs approved by the FDA for
treatment and prophylaxis of the 2009 H1N1treatment and prophylaxis of the 2009 H1N1
influenza virus are influenza virus are Tami fluTami flu ((oseltamiviroseltamivir
phosphate) andphosphate) and RelenzaRelenza (zanamivir). However,(zanamivir). However,
health experts caution against using themhealth experts caution against using them
routinely for several reasons: the emergence ofroutinely for several reasons: the emergence of
resistant strains when used in mild flu infections,resistant strains when used in mild flu infections,
its ineffectiveness when given more than 48its ineffectiveness when given more than 48
hours after the onset of flu, the presence of side-hours after the onset of flu, the presence of side-
effects .effects .

32. Swine flu Current MapSwine flu Current Map

33. Swine flu A great concern inSwine flu A great concern in
India with > 1 billionIndia with > 1 billion
populationpopulation
 The WHO has raised the InfluenzaThe WHO has raised the Influenza
Pandemic Alert to the highest level whichPandemic Alert to the highest level which
is 6. Already India has seen over 40is 6. Already India has seen over 40
confirmed cases of Swine Flu and theconfirmed cases of Swine Flu and the
threat of a full blown epidemic in India isthreat of a full blown epidemic in India is
very real. The best we citizens can do isvery real. The best we citizens can do is
keep ourselves informed about thekeep ourselves informed about the
happenings and the steps we can take tohappenings and the steps we can take to
prevent the spread of the flu.prevent the spread of the flu.

34. Panic and Fear are muchPanic and Fear are much
dangerous than Swine Fludangerous than Swine Flu

35. Created for PublicCreated for Public
Awareness on Swine FluAwareness on Swine Flu
Dr.T.V.Rao MDDr.T.V.Rao MD
EmailEmail
doctortvrao@gmail.comdoctortvrao@gmail.com