This document provides information about tree species found in Matara District, Sri Lanka. It discusses the district's location in both the wet and intermediate zones, contributing to its biodiversity. Specific rules and regulations regarding transporting timber within and outside the district are outlined. Several endemic tree species commonly found in Matara are then described in detail, including their scientific classification, description, habitat, uses, and conservation status. These include Canarium zeylanicum, Campnosperma zeylanicum, Cullenia ceylanica, Mangifera zeylanica, and Ochlandra stridula. The document concludes with references used to compile the information.

1. A Silvicultural Glance at Matara District

2. Introduction Matara which is situated in the southern province of SriLanka can be partly catogorized into Wet Zone as well on the other hand some parts of the district is belong to the Intermediate Zone. Therefore we can notify various kind of tree species in here which are belong to both Wet and Intermediate Zones. There is a part of Sinharaja Rain forest in the Matara district. Because of this we can see a huge biodiversity among tree species in Matara District. Also there are several natural forests and silvicultural forest plantations within the district.

3. In this project we were asked to find out the states of permission for transporting the various kind of timber species within the district and out side of the district. Also we had to find out information about few endamic tree species that can commonly seen in Matara area. In this case we had to deal with Matara district divisional office of Forest Department and Secretaries' Office. This is a Project report which was prepared with contribution of all our group members .

7. Inside the Matara district unmarkedor unstamped timber of following species shall be deemed to be the property of the state ,unless and untill any person establishes his right as provided in chapter 6 of the ordinance.

9. Any timber species except Kaluwara can be transported within any Municipal council areas in Srilanka, without permission. All timber species (exported) should be given Permission to transport within Matara district other than following species.

12. Assistant Divisional Forest Officer

13. Forester

16. Canariumzeylanicum Kekuna Conservation status

17. Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae(unranked) : Angiosperms(unranked) : Eudicots(unranked): RosidsOrder : SapindalesFamily : BurseraceaeGenus : CanariumSpecies : C. zeylanicum Binomial Name Canariumzeylanicum

19. It can be easily identified by its smooth light coloured bark & oval leaves with drip tips & aromatic sap.Habitat: This endemic tree is mainly found in the low country wet zone in SriLanka. Description: A very tall tree, about 40 m height with a buttressed trunk and smooth pale brown bark Leaves: They are compound. About 3 or 4 pairs of leaflets and a terminal leaflet.leaflets are generally oval-shaped with distinct ‘drip tips’ pointed and extended apices-characteristic of rain forest species. Venation is noticeably yellow.

20. Flowers: Insignificant light creamy male & female flowers can be seen each with 3 petals. The flowering season is from May to September. Fruits: It’s an oblong purplish drupe,with a bluish-grey “fuzz” on it.

22. oil was extracted from the keernal for using in small oil lamps in rural houses.

23. In there past bunches of seeds were hung up & lit in rural houses.

24. The bark is also used in Ayurveda for treatment of Pyorrhoea & halitosis & other aliments such as diabetes.

26. Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae(unranked): Angiosperms(unranked): Eudicots(unranked): RosidsOrder : SapindalesFamily : nacardiaceaeGenus : CampnospermaSpecies : C. zeylanicum Binomial name Campnosperma zeylanicum

27. Habitat: The tree can be found in canopy layer of rain forests in wet zone. Leaves: Terminally crowded, varying in size, elliptic to oblong, base tapered as well apex is rounded to reuse lateral veins,20-25 pairs nearly at right angles to midrib, beneath refocus scaly. Trunk: Twigs conspicuously leaf-scarred,IB-red brown layers. Fruits: They are purple in colour,pulpy,apiculate,as well adrupe inside a low rimmed disc. Flowers: Inflorescence -axillary, spikes

28. Culleniaceylanica Kataboda Conservation status

29. Scientific classification Kingdom : Plantae(unranked) : Angiosperms(unranked) :Eudicots(unranked) : RosidsOrder : MalvalesFamily : MalvaceaeSubfamily : HelicteroideaeGenus : CulleniaSpecies Culleniaceylanica

30. Habitat: The tree can be seen in rain forest canopies in wet zone. Leaves: Leaves are deep green above & beneath golden & scarly.Leaf is narrowly elliptic & having a rounded base. Apex is acuminate. Main veins are prominent & other veins inconspicuous. petiole is swollen at apex. Trunk: The bark is smoothly & grey. Wood is pale red & fine grained light. Flowers: They are ramiflorous & covered by densely tawny scales which are conspicuous.

31. Fruits: Fruits are globular & spiny. The dehiscent capsule has a white inside. Seeds are brown with orange-brown aril. Uses: Wood of the tree is used as furniture. As well it is used for paneling & decorative work.

32. MangiferaZeylanica Atambha Conservation status

33. Scientific classification Kingdom : Plantae(unranked) : Angiosperms(unranked) : Eudicots(unranked) : RosidsOrder: SapindalesFamily: AnacardiaceaeGenus: MangiferaSpecies: M. zeylanicaBinomial name Mangifera zeylanica

35. Flowers: Small inflorescences with small creamy flowers which may be male female or bisexual. Fruits: The fruits are oval-shaped & slightly flattened side ways with characteristic beak-like tips. They are distinct from the cultivated species as they are much smaller (3-4 cm).Although these fruits are edible, they do not taste good unlike fruited of the cultivated variety, Mangifera indica. Uses: The wood from this species is used to make chests for packing tea. Most of the plant parts have medicinal values.

36. Ochlandrastridula Heenbata Scientific classification Kingdom : Plantae(unranked) : Angiosperms(unranked) : Monocots(unranked) : CommelinidsOrder : PoalesFamily : PoaceaeSubfamily : BambusoideaeSupertribe: BambusodaeTribe : BambuseaeSubtribe: MelocanninaeGenus : OchlandraSpeciesOchlandrastridula - Ceylon reed bamboo,

37. Habitat: Wet lowlans &in the row hills in the western & southern parts of the country.A bamboo native to Sri Lanka. Bamboo has many uses worldwide from building materials to paper. Leaves: Oblong- lanceolate, apex long, rough, ending in hairs, margins stiff, Leaf sheath thickened at end, fringed with long, bristly, deciduous hairs. Stem: Many branches from base, sometimes with purple blotches slightly zigzag, Culm Sheaths, Glabrous, apex rounded, auricles bristly, Sheath blade, reflexes at angles to Culm. Flowers: Spike or spikes-like leafy branches. Fruits: ovoid, large, fleshy, beaked pericarps

38. Uses: The bamboo (OchlandraStridula) craft industry is part and parcel of the social fabric of the villages of Batuwita, Kimangoda, BatuwittaJanasaviya, Kahagala South and Urapola in the Matara district. Basketry, Flutes, wattle, thatching-leaves .Bamboo has many uses worldwide from building materials to paper.

40. Ashton Mark

41. GunatilakaSavitri

42. De SoyzaNeela

43. Dassanayaka M.D.

44. GunatilakaNimal

45. Wijesundarasiril

46. What tree is that? By,

47. MiththapalaShiryani

48. Miththapala P.A.

49. Government Gazette-2005 Feb

50. www.wikipedia.com

51. www.biodiversityinternational.org/publications