1. By: Eva Oni-Enakhifo

2. ☻ Corals are Invertebrates
☻ They are in the same family as jelly fish, sea
anemones, and hydra
☻ They are made of carnivorous animals called
polyps
☻ All kinds of fish live in corals

3. ☻ There are two kinds:
1. A fringing reef (a reef where coral polyps
settle and grow close to the shore
2. A barrier reef (if the land sinks or the sea rises,
a polyp it makes a barrier reef
☻ Smooth coral grows in rougher waters
☻ Hard coral grows in calmer waters

4. ☻ Corals are classified as Phylum Cnidarians
☻ Corals fall into the vertebrate family
☻ Although corals do live in the ocean they are
not in the same family as fish

5. ☻ Corals evolved into reef building forms over
the last 20-25 million years
☻ Coral beads and artifacts were discovered in
Egyptian graves dating back as far as 4000 B.C.
☻ They are also found in the graves from Iron
Age and Neolithic sepulchers from 10,000 B.C.

6.  The main kind of pollution killing corals is
chemical pollution when harmful gases get into
the air it gets in the ocean
 Littering kills them too so when you litter some
trash companies dump it into the ocean
 Mud from runoff can smother the coral and
they can’t breathe

7.  Sharks are the most well known predators of
the ocean, sea, and the coral reef
 Sharks that are dangerous to reefs:
The sand tiger shark
White tip reef shark
Grey tip reef shark
Black tip shark
Silver tip shark

8. ☻ Clown Fish
☻ Giant Clam
☻ Giant Cone Snail
☻ All kinds of Octopi

9. ☻ Corals are considered animals
☻ Coral require sunlight and that’s why they like
(warm) and shallow water
☻ The Great Barrier Reef off the coast of
Queensland, Australia is so big (apx. 2,000 kilo)
that it can be seen from space
☻ This is the brain coral that grows1-3 inches a
year

10. ☻ The mouth of a coral is surrounded by stinging
tentacles
☻ This is dynamite fishing which kills coral 

11. ☻ Barnes, R.D. 1987. Invertebrate Zoology TX:
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
☻ Lilli, C.M. and T.R. Parsons. 1995. Biological
Oceanography: An Introduction. Oxford, UK:
Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd.
☻ Veron, JEN. 2000. Corals of the World. Vol 3.
Australia: Australian Institute of Marine
Sciences and CRR Qld Pty Ltd.