1. America In The Beginning Who were the first Americans? This land bridge is known as _Beringia_________. Animals like mammoths crossed the bridge or ___migrated________ to the America's. This caused ocean levels to ___decrease_____ and expose ___land_______. In the Bering straight a _____land bridge __________ appeared connecting _________Siberia &The Americas ____________________ 30,000 years ago During a period of low temperatures called an _ice age _________ The world was covered in ___glaciers______ or sheets of ice. How and why did they come here?

2. America In The Beginning What happened when they came to America? The ice age ended ___warming_________ up glaciers causing water levels to __rise________ covering up the _____land bridge____ ________. Some animals died off like _____mammoths_______. Living in many different parts of the Americas the Natives needed to adjust or ___survive______ to every thing in the new surrounds that made up each of their own ______environments_______ in order to ___survive_______. How did they meet their new needs? Hunter's in Asia who moved from place to place to find food or __nomads___________ followed the mammoths and spread out or ____migrated_______ to the America's

3. How did Native Americans adjust to the new environments? America In The Beginning Different groups in different environments developed their own beliefs and ways of life or ____culture___________. Groups in the same environments adapted similar life styles, and language creating ___cultural____ __region_______. Many Native American have these things in common. 1. Nature has a _spirit_______. 2. No one can own __land________. 4. Only use what is _needed_________. 5. _Trade_________ was important to most societies Living in many different parts of the Americas the Natives used the different natural ___resources________ in their own different environments for food, clothing, and shelter. What did they have in common?

4. 8 Cultural Regions California Great Basin Great Plains South East North West Coast Plaau Eastern Woodlands South West te

5. 8 Cultural Regions

7. North West Coast Weather: long cold winters cool summers heavy rainfall Natural Resources: ocean/beaches thick forests of fir, spruce, and cedar rugged mountains seafood/salmon deer, moose, bear, elk, beaver, mountain goats Tools: Canoes, Seal Harpoon Clothing: Cedar- bark cape made from trees Shelter: Long houses with a roof on top Food: Salmon, deer

8. California Weather: rainy winters hot dry summers Natural Resources: ocean/coast foothills valley's deserts mountains acorns, oak trees grass, and plants redwood trees salmon/seafood/shellfish deer, rabbits, ducks, roots berries, pine nuts Tools: basket for rinsing acorns, arrows and bows Clothes: Skirt made from tree bark Shelter: Cone shaped house made from grass Food: Salmon, small animals and acorns

9. Great Basin Weather: little rain hot during the day cold at night Natural Resources: mostly dessert low areas surrounded by mountains at the edges with valleys that had seasonal lakes and streams plants that need little water like grasses, sagebrush, pinon trees, at the outer edges pine trees, and willow small animals rabbits, lizards, grasshoppers, snakes sometimes ducks , duck eggs during certain seasons seeds,berries pine nuts, roots, cattail Tools: Seed beater to knock seeds into baskets, sharp sticks Clothes: Rabbit- skin robe Shelter: Circular house with a stick holding it up Food: Small animals

10. Plateau Weather: long cold winters comfortable summers Natural Resources: mountains with dense forests in areas flatter in the center with drier grass lands rivers driftwood, mud, dirt, grass and sage brush fish, antelope, deer, seeds onions, carrots, camas roots, salmon Tools: Nets for catching salmon, woven baskets Clothes: Deerskin dress and grass basket hat Shelter: Made from mud and not very tall Food: Vegetables, fish and other animals

11. Great Plains Weather: cold winters hot summers Natural Resources: mountains surrounding edges treeless grasslands in the center east more water and softer soil west drier dense grass Buffalo and smaller animals Tools: Speers and other sharp tools, shields and fire Clothes: Buffalo- skin robe Shelter: Looks like a tepee Food: Buffalo and other food

12. South West Weather: high temperatures little rain dry/arid Natural Resources: mountains, canyons desserts, flat top mesas rivers, little water clay, brightly colored plants, cotton corn, beans, squash, peppers, rabbits Tools: Table for grinding corn, ditches to hold summer rain Clothes: Cotton dress from cotton plants Shelter: Big houses and is long and lots of room in it Food: Vegetables and animals

13. Eastern Woodlands Weather: snowy winters , rain Natural Resources: rivers, ocean/coast lots of lakes and streams Forests, plants, maple trees, elm, deer, bears, beavers, birds, fish corn, sunflowers, tobacco, vegetables, nuts, berries Tools: Tool for scraping corn kernels, wooden canoes Clothes: Deerskin cape and skirt Shelter: Long houses Food: Vegetables, birds and fish

14. South East Weather: long warm humid summers mild winters Natural Resources: rivers, ocean/coast Fertile coastal plains mountains, swamps Trees, clay, shells, corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, sunflowers, sweet potatoes squirrels, rabbits, turkeys, deer, alligators, turtles, wild rice, persimmons Tools: Hoe for garden work, animal shoulder blades Clothes: Skirt made from deer Shelter: Small house made from grass Food: Animals from the water and on land