Muscle Presentation for grade 8 health

3. Muscle Types
Cardiac
Smooth
Skeletal

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Cardiac muscles are involuntary and found only in the heart. They are
controlled by the brain, which controls involuntary action throughout
your body.
Think about how horrible it would be to have to consciously tell your
heart to beat, with the consequence of forgetting being death. What
about when you went to sleep!?!
But luckily enough, the brain
does all that for us.
Your heart cells come in long
strips, each containing a
single nucleus. Its main
function is to propel blood
into circulation.

5. Smooth
Your smooth muscles, like your cardiovascular muscles, are involuntary. They
make up your internal organs, such as your stomach, throat, small intestine,
and all the others, except your heart.
Unlike cardiovascular muscles, smooth muscles are generally spherical, as most
other human cells are, and each contains one nucleus.

6. Skeletal
The skeletal muscles are the only voluntary muscles of your body, and make up
what we call the muscular system. They are all the muscles that move your bones
and show external movement.
Unlike either of the other two classes, skeletal muscles contain multiple nuclei,
because of its large size. They are in strips up to a couple of feet long.
You have over 600 skeletal muscles.

7. Your muscles work with your bones
Try this. Put your elbow on the table and lift a book. Move it in all
directions.
Your elbow is life a fulcrum and your arm a lever. You can move the
book because of muscle contractions.

8. Skeletal muscles can't expand, or make themselves longer, but they can contract, or
make themselves shorter, so they generally work in pairs. One contracts, and in
doing so stretches the other, and reverses its effects on the joint.
For example, when you contract your major arm muscle, which is called the bicep, in
return the lower arm muscle, called the tricep, extends. So as you contract one
muscle the other one extends

10. Skeletal muscles can be broken
down into groups based on their
movement.
·Flexors
·Extensors
·Adductors
·Abductors

11. Flexors
Flexors bend at the joint.
The bicep, is a flexor of
the elbow joint, bringing
the fist towards the shoulder.
Extendors
Opposites of flexors,
extensors unbend at the joint,
increasing the interior
angle. The tricep, is an extensor of
the elbow joint, taking the fist farther away from the shoulder.

12. Abductors
Abductors take the bones
away from the body, like
lifting the arm to the side.
Spreading out your fingers uses
abductors, because
you are taking away your
fingers from an imaginary line
running down your
arm.
Adductors
Adductors, the opposites of abductors, move toward the
body. Add- means to increase or include. By lowing an arm
raised to the side, or moving your fingers together while
keeping them straight, your muscles are adducting.

13. Tendons and Ligaments
Muscles alone can't do the job. At every joint, tendons and ligaments also help
out. Muscles wouldn't be very useful alone because they don't directly connect to
the bone.
Muscles are connected to tendons, which are connected to the bones. When the
muscles contract, they pull on the tendons, which in turn pull on the muscles, and
that causes movement.
Ligaments are what hold
the bones together. They
connect at the ends of
muscles and keep them
from slipping and sliding,
and force them to bend.

14. Hip Replacement Surgery
Bill Nye Bones and Muscles