Chapter 8 eating disorders

1. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders: Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders: Assessment & Treatment

2. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

3. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment Refuse to maintain minimum body weight Intense fear of gaining weight Disturbed body image Amenorrhea Subtypes: Restricting Binge/purging

4. Behaviors used to prevent weight gain after binge eating are calledcompensatory behaviors. They include: Misuse of laxatives Misuse of enemas Excessive exercise Misuse of diuretics Fasting Self-induced vomiting Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

5. Symptoms of Binge-Eating Disorder Recurrent episodes of binge eating. A binge eating episode involves both: Eating, in a specified period of time, an amount of food that is larger than what most would eat in the same period of time and in similar circumstances Feeling a lack of control over one’s eating (inability to stop eating or control how much is eaten) Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

6. Eating Disorder Women Men Anorexia nervosa 0.05 0.5-3.7 Bulimia nervosa 0.1-0.4 1.1-4.2 Binge eating disorder 0.5-2.7 0.7-4.0 Sources: American Psychiatric Association (2000, 2006). Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

7. Statement Eating Disorders Alcoholism Depression 1998 1998 1998 2003 2003 2003 23 19 Danger to others 65 7 7 64 Unpredictable 71 29 56 27 70 53 59 38 62 33 55 56 Hard to talk to 35 49 43 33 25 30 Feel different from us They are to blame 60 34 13 33 54 11 0.7-4.0 Could pull themselves together 52 38 19 35 50 17 11 9 16 10 12 15 Treatment wouldn’t help 24 11 23 15 29 25 Will never fully recover Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

8. Nucleus accumbens Somatosensory cortex Prefrontal cortex Thalamus Hypothalamus Amygdala Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

9. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

10. Sociocultural factors Psychological factors Family conflict Abuse or trauma Family emphasis on thinness Cultural pressures to be thin Media exposure Low self esteem Body dissatisfaction Distorted body image Perfectionism Restriction of eating Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Biological factors Genetic Neurobiology Mood regulation Stress reactivity Impulse regulation Excessive weight loss Retain weight Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

11. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

12. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

13. Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

14. Low self esteem Negative affect Diet to feel better about self Restrict food intake too much Compensatorybehaviors(e.g., vomiting to reduce fear of weight gain) Diet broken Binge Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment

15. Sample Screening Questions for Eating Disorders Are you constantly thinking about your weight and food? Are you dieting strictly and/or have you lost a lot of weight? Are you more than 10% below your healthy weight? Are people concerned about your weight? Is your energy level down? Do you constantly feel cold? Weight Concerns, Body Dissatisfaction, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders:Causes & Prevention Eating Disorders:Assessment & Treatment