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Social Change in Late
      Modernity

 University and The Good Life




                                1
“I wrote last month about the fact that over the
last 20 years the employment rate gap
between ethnic minorities and society as a
whole had widened – stated another way, the
majority of people from ethnic minorities are
worse off in terms of employment now than
they were two decades ago. I called on
government to take stronger action within its
own immediate grasp, most importantly by
ensuring that the companies they make their
billions of pounds of annual purchases from
have credibly diverse workforces.”

The Guardian, 19th October 2009
                                                   2
Campaigners have welcomed an idea to give
poorer students a two grade "head start" to
help them get places at the leading
universities.
Business Secretary Lord Mandelson is
looking at the idea, and a variety of others, to
increase social mobility.
Les Ebdon, of university think tank Million+,
said it was important to widen the social mix
in universities. ... Mr Ebdon said: "I think what
all universities are in the business of looking
for is potential among the students rather than
achievement."
                                                    3
Katie Ivens, of the Campaign for Real
Education, said the plan was positive
discrimination.
She said: "It is not fair on those who study
hard , it is not fair on the schools that actually
produce a good quality education.
"You cannot just push people into university
because they come from a certain
background and hope that will solve the
problem."
The Guardian 9th August 2009




                                                     4
Kant and Rawls developed modern theories
of justice that try to detach the ideas of justice
and rights from the ideas of moral desserts
and virtue.


Kant: a priori categorical imperatives lead to
principles of a fair society.


Rawls: a hypothetical contract agreed to from
behind a veil of ignorance will lead to
principles that create a fair society.




                                                     5
6
7
8
Cowardice               Courage             Rashness
Insensibility           Temperance          Intemperance
Illiberality            Liberality          Prodigality
Pettiness               Munificence         Vulgarity
Humble-mindedness       High-mindedness     Vaingloriness
Want of Ambition        Right Ambition      Over-ambition
Spiritlessness          Good Temper         Irascibility
Surliness               Friendly Civility   Obsequiousness
Ironical Depreciation   Sincerity           Boastfulness
Boorishness             Wittiness           Buffoonery
Shamelessness           Modesty             Bashfulness
Callousness             Just Resentment     Spitefulness




                                                             9
Compassion
Cooperativeness
Dependability
Fairness
Friendliness
Generosity
Loyalty
Patience
Self-discipline
Self-reliance
Tactfulness
tolerance




                  10
Courage      Temperance   Tolerance
Justice      Modesty      Individuality
Temperance   Piety        Generosity
wisdom       Obedience    Patience
             conformity   loyalty
Faith
Hope
love




                                          11
12
13
Inheritance tax should only be paid by the
richest, by the millionaire, it shouldn't be paid by
people who've worked hard and done the right
thing in their lives.

                               We should in this country be trying to encourage
                               people and reward people for doing the right
                               thing.



              And to people who are queueing up who want to
              do the right thing and obey the rules, they're
              being punished. That's one of the things that's
              wrong in our country at the moment. We need a
              different set of values, and this is not them. It
              doesn't make sense.


 Anna, I have every sympathy with you because,
 frankly, today in our country, people who try
 and work hard and save, and obey the rules,
 and do the right thing.
                                                                            14
maximising welfare

respecting freedom

 promoting virtue




                     15

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Latemodernity08a

  • 1. Social Change in Late Modernity University and The Good Life 1
  • 2. “I wrote last month about the fact that over the last 20 years the employment rate gap between ethnic minorities and society as a whole had widened – stated another way, the majority of people from ethnic minorities are worse off in terms of employment now than they were two decades ago. I called on government to take stronger action within its own immediate grasp, most importantly by ensuring that the companies they make their billions of pounds of annual purchases from have credibly diverse workforces.” The Guardian, 19th October 2009 2
  • 3. Campaigners have welcomed an idea to give poorer students a two grade "head start" to help them get places at the leading universities. Business Secretary Lord Mandelson is looking at the idea, and a variety of others, to increase social mobility. Les Ebdon, of university think tank Million+, said it was important to widen the social mix in universities. ... Mr Ebdon said: "I think what all universities are in the business of looking for is potential among the students rather than achievement." 3
  • 4. Katie Ivens, of the Campaign for Real Education, said the plan was positive discrimination. She said: "It is not fair on those who study hard , it is not fair on the schools that actually produce a good quality education. "You cannot just push people into university because they come from a certain background and hope that will solve the problem." The Guardian 9th August 2009 4
  • 5. Kant and Rawls developed modern theories of justice that try to detach the ideas of justice and rights from the ideas of moral desserts and virtue. Kant: a priori categorical imperatives lead to principles of a fair society. Rawls: a hypothetical contract agreed to from behind a veil of ignorance will lead to principles that create a fair society. 5
  • 6. 6
  • 7. 7
  • 8. 8
  • 9. Cowardice Courage Rashness Insensibility Temperance Intemperance Illiberality Liberality Prodigality Pettiness Munificence Vulgarity Humble-mindedness High-mindedness Vaingloriness Want of Ambition Right Ambition Over-ambition Spiritlessness Good Temper Irascibility Surliness Friendly Civility Obsequiousness Ironical Depreciation Sincerity Boastfulness Boorishness Wittiness Buffoonery Shamelessness Modesty Bashfulness Callousness Just Resentment Spitefulness 9
  • 11. Courage Temperance Tolerance Justice Modesty Individuality Temperance Piety Generosity wisdom Obedience Patience conformity loyalty Faith Hope love 11
  • 12. 12
  • 13. 13
  • 14. Inheritance tax should only be paid by the richest, by the millionaire, it shouldn't be paid by people who've worked hard and done the right thing in their lives. We should in this country be trying to encourage people and reward people for doing the right thing. And to people who are queueing up who want to do the right thing and obey the rules, they're being punished. That's one of the things that's wrong in our country at the moment. We need a different set of values, and this is not them. It doesn't make sense. Anna, I have every sympathy with you because, frankly, today in our country, people who try and work hard and save, and obey the rules, and do the right thing. 14

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Honesty plant