1. Royal Disease
“Hemophilia”
Andal, Katrina
Joie R.
DMD2D

2. Definition
 Hemophilia is a coagulation
disorder arising from a genetic defect of
the X chromosome.
 Depending on the degree of the disorder
in the affected individual, uncontrolled
bleeding may occur spontaneously with
no known initiating event, or occur
after specific events such as surgery,
dental procedures, immunizations, or
injury.
 Any of several hereditary blood-
coagulation disorders in which the blood
fails to clot normally because of a
deficiency or abnormality of one of the
clotting factors.
 Hemophilia, a recessive trait associated
with the X-chromosome, is manifested
almost exclusively in males.

4. Signs and Symptoms
External bleeding may include:
 Bleeding in the mouth from a cut or bite or from cutting
or losing a tooth.
 Nosebleeds for no obvious reason.
 Heavy bleeding from a minor cut.
 Bleeding from a cut that resumes after stopping for a
short time.
Internal bleeding may include:
 Blood in the urine (from bleeding in the kidneys or
bladder).
 Blood in the stool (from bleeding in the intestines or
stomach).
 Large bruises (from bleeding into the large muscles of the
body).

5. Signs and Symptoms
Bleeding in the Joints
 Bleeding in the knees, elbows, or other joints is another
common form of internal bleeding in people who have
hemophilia.
 The bleeding causes tightness in the joint with no real pain
or any visible signs of bleeding. The joint then becomes
swollen, hot to touch, and painful to bend.
Bleeding in the Brain
 Long-lasting, painful headaches or neck pain or stiffness
 Repeated vomiting
 Sleepiness or changes in behavior
 Sudden weakness or clumsiness of the arms or legs or
problems walking
 Double vision
 Convulsions or seizures

6. Dental Correlation
 Tooth extraction in patients with hereditary
hemorrhagic disorders can lead to severe bleeding
, often life threatening. The association of general
anti hemorrhagic treatment with local haemostatic
measures for bleeding control is mandatory with
these patients. The therapy protocol is the result of
an interdisciplinary collaboration, between a
hematologist and an oral surgeon, in order to
control and to reduce the severity of postoperative
bleeding.
 Controlling haemorrhage by using periodontal
cement packing in patients with bleeding disorders
is beneficial and cost effective in dental extraction.
Local techniques still requires specific replacement
therapy.The adopted protocol produced a reliable
outcome of dental extractions on an out -patient
basis, with postsurgical comfort due to a
combination of systemic treatment and local
improved hemostasic measures.

7. Classifications
Hemophilia A Hemophilia B Hemophilia C
It is the most It is the second It is a mild form
common type of most common of hemophilia.
hemophilia. type of hemophilia.
(Moderate)
(Severe) (Mild)
It is also known as It was originally Deficiency of
factor named “Christmas factor XI.
VIII deficiency or disease”.
classic hemophilia.