Here are my slides for my recent guest lecture to Computer Science freshers at Loughborough University. In this talk I introduce some of the key concepts around cloud computing, and show how major players like Google have built industrial scale data centres with their own bespoke technologies. I also explore the role of Linux in cloud computing, and look at opportunities for computer scientists to get involved in cloud computing in each of its facets - Infrastructure, Platform and Software as a Service

1. Introduction to
Cloud Computing
#COA101
Martin Hamilton
Head of Internet
Services
http://martinh.net
@martin_hamilton
Picture credit: ZDNet / CNET News.com

2. Quick Poll –
About your tech
http://twtpoll.com/19ips7

3. Introduction to
Cloud Computing
#COA101
Martin Hamilton
Head of Internet
Services
http://martinh.net
@martin_hamilton
Picture credit: ZDNet / CNET News.com

4. Picture credit: ZDNet / CNET News.com

5. Picture credit: University of Stanford Infolab

6. Picture credit: University of Stanford Infolab

7. Picture credit: CNET

8. Picture credit: Google

9. Picture credit: Google
Picture credit: Google

10. Picture credit: Stephen Shankland, CNET

11. Picture credit: Dell

12. Picture credit: Google

13. http://youtu.be/zRwPSFpLX8I
Video credit: Google

14. Picture credit: CHEEZburger user NawtyKitty

16. Picture credit: Eliott C. Back

17. Picture credit: Sam Costello, about.com

18. Picture credit: rptech-world.com

19. Picture credit: rptech-world.com

20. Linux powers:
Google, Amazon,
Facebook, eBay etc
Your TV, set top box,
wireless router
>500 million Android
phones and tablets
Picture credit: rptech-world.com

21. http://youtu.be/yVpbFMhOAwE
Video credit: Linux Foundation

22. Quick Poll –
Do you code ?
http://twtpoll.com/19ips7

23. Promise of Utility Computing:

24. Promise of Utility Computing:
• Provision service rapidly
• Flexibility over scaling
• Reduce headcount, power bill,
cooling requirements
• Convert capital expenditure (CapEx)
into operating expenditure (OpEx)
• Concentrate on stuff that genuinely
adds value

25. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
o Bring Your Own OS, software, etc
o Public, private, hybrid clouds
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
o APIs and standards to code against
Software as a Service (SaaS)
o Typically admin dashboard + user
facing Web services

26. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
o Bring Your Own OS, software, etc
o Public, private, hybrid clouds
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
o APIs and standards to code against
Software as a Service (SaaS)
o Typically admin dashboard + user
facing Web services

28. IaaS: Hybrid Cloud Example
Slide credit: Phil Richards

29. IaaS: Hybrid Cloud Example
Slide credit: Phil Richards

30. IaaS Opportunities
• Capacity planning needed to assess
resource for move into the cloud
• Server virtualization expertise
• Data centre design and build
• Sysadmins to run operating systems,
install and maintain software etc
• Hot topic: Live migration of workloads
a la uSwitch

31. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
o Bring Your Own OS, software, etc
o Public, private, hybrid clouds
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
o APIs and standards to code against
Software as a Service (SaaS)
o Typically admin dashboard + user
facing Web services

32. Poll Results –
Do you code ?
http://twtpoll.com/bsbsuw

33. PaaS Opportunities
• Building APIs and data models
• Developing and extending existing
open source code, e.g. Hadoop
• Writing applications against these
APIs, e.g. Google AppEngine,
Amazon Web Services
• Selling cloud applications, e.g.
Google Apps Marketplace

34. PaaS: Google API example

35. PaaS: Google API example

36. $options = array(
'requestScheme' => Zend_Oauth::REQUEST_SCHEME_HEADER,
'version' => '1.0',
'signatureMethod' => 'HMAC-SHA1',
'consumerKey' => $CONSUMER_KEY,
'consumerSecret' => $CONSUMER_SECRET
);
$config = new Zend_Oauth_Consumer($options);
$token = new Zend_Oauth_Token_Access();
$httpClient = $token->getHttpClient($options);
$client = new Zend_Gdata_Docs($httpClient);
$feed = $client->getDocumentListFeed(
'https://docs.google.com/feeds/documents/private/full?
xoauth_requestor_id=' . urlencode($email_address));
foreach ($feed->entries as $entry) {
$title = $entry->title;
# etc
}

37. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
o Bring Your Own OS, software, etc
o Public, private, hybrid clouds
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
o APIs and standards to code against
Software as a Service (SaaS)
o Typically admin dashboard + user
facing Web services

38. SaaS example: Google Apps
Gmail Huge inbox with search: keep and find everything.
Talk Business class IM and VC as easy as email.
Groups Let users easily create and work in teams.
Calendar Make sharing calendars and schedules easy.
Docs Makes collaborating as easy as creating
Sites Allow users to manage their own sites.
Postini Security and compliance solutions.
Marketplace Extend the functionality of Google Apps
Slide credit: Ross Mahon, Google

39. Extending Google Apps
Slide credit: Ross Mahon, Google

40. Continuous Innovation
Discussions
Apps for Chrome for in Docs
60+ new
Apps Business
Apps
Docs Cloud
Chrome
Priority Chrome
Mobile Connect 4
Browser
Inbox books
Editing Office
2010 2011
218 feature releases 95 so far…
2008 2009 . 2010 2011
150+ releases
68 releases 116 releases 217 releases
already!
Slide credit: Ross Mahon, Google

41. Value Stream Mapping

42. Value Stream Mapping

43. SaaS Opportunities
• Migration assistance
• Systems integration, e.g. use APIs to
import/export data
• Day-to-day administration
• Use APIs to extend existing services,
e.g. Gmail contextual gadgets
• Develop new SaaS offerings
o It's just a website, really :-)

44. Photo licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License, from
angrykeyboarder

45. RMS:
GNU Emacs
GNU make
gcc / gdb
Copyleft / GPL
Photo licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License, from
angrykeyboarder

46. A Contrary Viewpoint
"If you use a
proprietary program
or somebody else's
web server, you're
defenceless. You're
putty in the hands
of whoever developed
that software."
Photo licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License, from
angrykeyboarder

47. How was it for you?
http://twtpoll.com/vfiw18

48. http://youtu.be/aXV-yaFmQNk
Video credit: UserExperienceWorks YouTube user

49. Introduction to
Cloud Computing
#COA101
Martin Hamilton
Head of Internet
Services
http://martinh.net
@martin_hamilton
Picture credit: ZDNet / CNET News.com