Presented by Salman Asif Siddiqui (ICIMOD) at the CGIAR-CSI Annual Meeting 2009: Mapping Our Future. March 31 - April 4, 2009, ILRI Campus, Nairobi, Kenya

1. Activities at ICIMOD
Spatial Solutions Day
CGIAR-CSI Annual Meeting
ILRI, Nairobi
Salman Asif Siddiqui
Email: ssiddiqui@icimod.org
International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development
Kathmandu, Nepal

2. The International Centre for Integrated Mountain
Development (ICIMOD)
The Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region
A regional mountain
knowledge, learning and Extends over 3500 km from Afghanistan to
Myanmar And Home to 200 million People
enabling centre devoted
to sustainable mountain
development in the
Hindu Kush-Himalayan
region
Information and
Knowledge are chief
Commodities of the
Centre An intergovernmental and independent
organisation with eight member states

3. The Hindu Kush- Himalayan Region
Mountain Perspective Framework Extends over 3500 km from Afghanistan to
Myanmar and Home to 150 million People
Inaccessibility
• World’s highest peaks and deepest gorges
and with very high degree of inaccessibility;
Verticality
• Extremely rugged terrain with high
topographic variations within short distances
Fragility
• Youngest geological formation and fragile
mountain ecosystem;
• Prone to natural disasters: earthquakes,
landslides, flash floods and GLOFs;
Diversity
• Diverse physical, climatic and social
conditions;
Mountain Geography plays a single most
Marginality
dominant role in its development
• One of the poorest region of the world and
often marginalised by main development
mainstream

4. Mountain Matters: Water
Signifying the Water Tower of
Asia - 10 Large River Basins

5. Mountain Matters: Bio-Diversity
Sikkim
Eastern Himalayas
Darjeeling
listed as a Global
Biodiversity Hotspot

6. Mountains: Prone to Natural Disaster
8 October 2005 – Pakistan Earthquake
12 May 2008 – Sichuan Earthquake
Weather and climate induced
disasters are on the rise !!! Nargis Cyclone
3 May 2008 – Myanmar
Disaster Hot Spots !!!
Photo Credit : Nabin Mangal Joshi, DoI

7. Retreating Imja glacier and growing glacial Lake
SPACE SHUTTLE METRIC CAMERA 2 DEC 1983
CORONA 15 DEC 1962
IRS LISS3 2006 IRS ID PAN 19 MAR 2001
LANDSAT TM 1992

8. Imja Glacier, Nepal –
Repeat Photography
1956
photograph of Imja glacier
(Photo: Fritz Muller;
courtesy of Jack Ives)
2006
photograph of Imja glacier
(Photo: Giovanni
Kappenberger
courtesy of Alton C Byers)

9. Simulation of GLOF scenario from Imja
Flood arrival time and discharge from Imja GLOF
Discharge
Place Ch (km) Time(min) Flood Depth (m)
(m3s-1)
Imja lake
0.0 0.0 5461
outlet
Dingboche 7.518 13.9 5094 5.81
Orso 11.545 18.8 4932 5.53
Pangboche 13.648 21.3 4800 7.62
Larja Dovan
25.940 34.8 3223 6.91
Confluence)
Bengkar 29.669 38.8 2447 6.64
Ghat 34.559 46.4 2355 5.75
GLOF hydrograph of Imja
Peak flow and peak flood depth along the rivers

10. Data - A Common Denominator
Socio-
• Many applications economy
use a basic set of
Natural
common data. Air
Hazard
• Data are often with
Data
different
organizations
Landcover Water
/ Landuse
Biodiversity
Access to quality data
Is the Key

11. Mountain Environment and Natural Resources’
Information System (MENRIS) Programme
To develop and
institutionalize
integrated and
innovative geo-based
solutions and foster
information and
knowledge management
within ICIMOD and its
cooperation partners to
support informed
decision-making for
Major Foci
mountain policies and
practices.  Mainstreaming MENRIS instruments
 Regional networking and up-scaling
 Innovation and technology transfer
 Open access and regional platform

12. Capacity Building and regional GIS network
• Regional and National GIS/RS
Training Course
• Exchange of Scientists and
Internship
• University GIS/RS Network
• GIS/RS E-learning System

13. GIS/RS/DSS Training Manuals
Training Courses
• Professional
• Technical
• Policy
Applications of geo-informatics and
Decision Support Systems

14. GeoSpatial Metadata management system
Afghanistan
Bangladesh Metadata
Catalog Server
Bhutan
Mountain
GI Community
China
Web Open Source
OGC-Standards
Interoperability
Partnership
India Metadata
Pakistan
Myanmar
Nepal

16. Applications and DSS
Water and Hazard
• Assessment and monitoring of Ice and Water Resources
• Multi-hazard risk mapping; Regional Hazard Atlas
• Flood modeling and mapping Simulation of GLOF and Hazard Assessmen
• Climate change impact assessment Tea Garden
Settlement -
BuiltUp
Livelihood and Poverty
• Poverty mapping and monitoring Amliso
• Socio-economic analysis Plantation
(Tiger
• Medicinal plant assessment Grass)
Evergreen forest CinCona
Ecosystem Services Forest
• Rangeland assessment and monitoring
• Bio-diversity corridor mapping; PA DSS
• Integrated watershed management – DSS
• Participatory 3-D modeling

17. Evolving technology and application
Near real time application
Satellite and
Ice Water Resources Users
End
Products and
Regional Landcover Mapping
Services
DisasterDatabase
Risk Mapping
Server
Transboundary Air Pollution
Receiver breaks…
Tracking If Imja
Monitoring
Thematic
Processing
Dingboch
e
(Photo: 2006)

18. Clearing House
 Collaborative effort
to build, share and
disseminate earth
observation
derived information
and knowledge
resources
Mountain GeoPortal

19. Clearing House
 Collaborative effort
to build, share and
disseminate earth
observation
derived information
and knowledge
resources
Mountain GeoPortal

20. Key Components of
Mountain GeoPortal
 Regional Gateway
and geo-
information
services
 Decentralized and
distributed network
 Decision support
for integrated
mountain
development

21. Mountain GeoNetwork - Introduction
• Metadata management system developed by
ICIMOD to promote access, use and sharing
of geo-information resources in the Hindu
Kush Himalayan region.
• The system promotes systematic
development of metadata adhering to
international standards in a distributed and
decentralized network environment.

22. Mountain GeoNetwork - Introduction
• The system is embedded with interactive web
mapping services with OGC standards
• Cataloguing of satellite images in Google Earth
Environment
• URL::
http://arcsde.icimod.org.np:8080/geonetwork

23. Mountain GeoNetwork - Introduction
Information sharing hub for the ICIMOD & RMCs
Key Resources (As of now)
Serving 2483 metadata including
~ 322 vector dataset
~ 1513 satellite images
~ 1200 digital maps
Search for information
Simple search
Advance search
More filters for the query
Spatial search on WMS.
Metadata management system
Group / User Management
Privilege setup to the metadata

24. Expanding technology
Node setup with RMCs
• Build nodes on the HKH regional countries.
• Training in metadata and GeoNetwork.
• Node setup with GeoNetwork Opensource.
• Built ISO 19115 standard metadata.
• Technical support as needed.
• Viewing geographic information over the internet
(WMS) …

25. Regional Geo-Data Sharing Network
 Internal Nodes
HKKH partnership
project
Highland Wetland
Initiative
 Regional Active Nodes
CAS, China
DSLR, Bhutan
WWF-P, Pakistan
LGED, Bangladesh
AIMS, Afghanistan
ICIMOD
 International Nodes
CSI-CGIAR
FAO
• Future nodes setup
Myanmar
India

26. Additional components
Internet web mapping with GeoServer opensource

27. Additional components
Image cataloging with Google Earth

28. Capacity building
One-week training course

29. Knowledgebase –
HKKH Partnetship Project
• Standards for Metadata: ISO19115
• Platform: FAO’s GeoNetwork (Opensource)
• Spatial
• Bibliography
• Model
• URL: http://www.hkkhpartnership.org

30. Knowledgebase – Spatial data
Spatial
• Around 150 spatial layers and Sat. Images

31. Knowledgebase - Bibliography
Bibliography
• 1251 records

32. Benefits
• The information sharing will enhance the
information on the regional scale and can be
used by all decision makers to use the
information in effective way.
• It also will act as the knowledge and experiences
sharing to all the RMCs of ICIMOD and can
improve the spatial data management
technology in the uniform way.
• The professional services and technical
knowledge can be exchanged.

33. Land Cover Classification
Harmonized and Standardized

34. Forest land in global
land cover datasets

35. The requirements
• Harmonized and standardized collection of land
cover data;
• Availability of land cover data for a wide range
of applications and users;
• Comparison and correlation of land cover
classes.

36. Land cover map
Detailed land cover, IKONOS (2001)
Overall Classification Accuracy = 92.31%

37. Land cover change 1992 - 2006
Increase Decrease
No (from other (to other
Class change classes) classes) Net change
Forest 8315 1265 2124 -859
Shrub 13575 4104 2680 1425
Grass 3956 4527 2406 2121
Snow 20721 908 11934 -11027
70000
60000
50000
Area in hectares
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
General Land Cover Class
1992 2000 2006

38. Land Cover Mapping- CKNP
Land cover mapping following similar methodology

39. Quomolangma Nature Preserve – TAR/ China
• Collaboration with IGSNRR-CAS, China
• GIS training

40. Land Cover Mapping –
Networking and Up scaling
• Partnership with FAO: Benefit from international knowledge
and customize for regional and national benefits
• Institutional networking with relevant partners in RMCs:
important for harmonized data and its sharing across the
region
• Land Cover: At Regional and National Levels

41. Regional Land Cover Mapping
• In collaboration with FAO
• Legend based on LCCS Methodology
• Using IRS-AWiFs Data
• Object Based Classification Techniques

42. Thank you