SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  11
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
The ‘model farmer’ extension approach revisited: Are expert farmers effective disseminators and innovators ? Steven Franzel, Charles Wambugu, and Tutui Nanok World Agroforestry Centre
Background and objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Methods ,[object Object]
Defining expert farmers,  disseminators and innovators: Criteria  Expert farmer Disseminator Innovator No. of fodder shrubs No. of farmers given seeds/seedlings No. of experiments conducted/new practices tested Have nursery No. of farmers given information No. of years experimenting No. years practicing No. and type of dissemination methods used Creativity of innovation Knowledge of fodder shrub practices Source of innovation
Defining expert farmers
Defining disseminators Table 2: Disseminator index 10 farmers disseminated to over 20 farmers each! Criteria Weight Very low 0 Low 1 Medium 2 High 3 No. of farmers given planting materials 3 0 or none 1-4 5-9 10 and more No. of farmers given information 3 0 or none 1-4 5-9  10 and more Dissemination methods used: Public forum announcement  2 No ______ ______ yes Other proactive methods  2 0 or none 1 2 3 and more
Defining innovators Table 3. The innovator index Criteria Weight Score Low 1 Medium 2 High 3 No. of own experi-ments/ innovations  3 1 2 3  or more No. years practicing innovations 1 2 yr or less  3-5 yrs 6 yrs and more  Creativity  1.5 not creative ______ Creative Source of innovation  1.5 from others ______ own idea
Examples of innovations 46 farmers tested 30 innovations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Table 4. Characterizing expert farmers, innovators, and disseminators  NS: Not significant,  *:significant at p<.05  ** significant at p< .10 Association between  Expert farmer and non-experts Disseminators and non-disseminators Innovators and non-innovators Age NS NS NS Education NS NS NS Gender NS NS NS Wealth Positive** NS NS Land holding NS NS NS Off-farm income NS Positive* Positive**
Persons who were not experts, innovators, or dissemin-ators  48
Implications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Contenu connexe

En vedette (6)

Perspective of Agricultural Extension
Perspective of Agricultural ExtensionPerspective of Agricultural Extension
Perspective of Agricultural Extension
 
Extension approaches
Extension approachesExtension approaches
Extension approaches
 
Farmer led extension i
Farmer led extension iFarmer led extension i
Farmer led extension i
 
Rural development and agricultural extension
Rural development and agricultural extensionRural development and agricultural extension
Rural development and agricultural extension
 
Current approaches in extension
Current approaches in extensionCurrent approaches in extension
Current approaches in extension
 
Rural development ppt
Rural development pptRural development ppt
Rural development ppt
 

Similaire à The ‘model farmer’ extension approach revisited: are expert farmers effective disseminators and innovators?

Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...IFPRI-PIM
 
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...CGIAR
 
On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...
On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...
On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...Seeds
 
Defense (6.14.13) backup2
Defense (6.14.13) backup2Defense (6.14.13) backup2
Defense (6.14.13) backup2Justin Ellis
 
How to Breed Tomatoes for Organic Agriculture
How to Breed Tomatoes for Organic AgricultureHow to Breed Tomatoes for Organic Agriculture
How to Breed Tomatoes for Organic AgricultureSeeds
 
Integration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable Agriculture
Integration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable AgricultureIntegration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable Agriculture
Integration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable AgricultureINGENAES
 
New Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned Consumers
New Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned ConsumersNew Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned Consumers
New Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned ConsumersUniversity of Florida
 
Alternative Agronomic Crops
Alternative Agronomic CropsAlternative Agronomic Crops
Alternative Agronomic CropsGardening
 
Antibiotic Guardian Birmingham Workshop
Antibiotic Guardian Birmingham WorkshopAntibiotic Guardian Birmingham Workshop
Antibiotic Guardian Birmingham Workshop4 All of Us
 
09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration
09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration
09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restorationslides-mci
 
Different Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management Essay
Different Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management EssayDifferent Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management Essay
Different Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management EssayRachel Phillips
 
Opportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural Extension
Opportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural ExtensionOpportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural Extension
Opportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural ExtensionINGENAES
 
BASF Farmland Stewardship survey result
BASF Farmland Stewardship survey resultBASF Farmland Stewardship survey result
BASF Farmland Stewardship survey resultGreen Chemicals Blog
 

Similaire à The ‘model farmer’ extension approach revisited: are expert farmers effective disseminators and innovators? (20)

Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
 
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
Experience and guidelines for participatory varietal selection (PVS): Integra...
 
On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...
On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...
On-Farm Variety Trials: A Guide for Organic Vegetable, Herb, and Flower Produ...
 
PTD
PTDPTD
PTD
 
Defense (6.14.13) backup2
Defense (6.14.13) backup2Defense (6.14.13) backup2
Defense (6.14.13) backup2
 
How to Breed Tomatoes for Organic Agriculture
How to Breed Tomatoes for Organic AgricultureHow to Breed Tomatoes for Organic Agriculture
How to Breed Tomatoes for Organic Agriculture
 
Grp3 research on rural advisory services
Grp3 research on rural advisory servicesGrp3 research on rural advisory services
Grp3 research on rural advisory services
 
Are we admiring or helping solve the problem?  Views from a veterinarian, pol...
Are we admiring or helping solve the problem?  Views from a veterinarian, pol...Are we admiring or helping solve the problem?  Views from a veterinarian, pol...
Are we admiring or helping solve the problem?  Views from a veterinarian, pol...
 
Integration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable Agriculture
Integration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable AgricultureIntegration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable Agriculture
Integration of Nutrition and Gender for Sustainable Agriculture
 
New Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned Consumers
New Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned ConsumersNew Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned Consumers
New Strategies in Communicating Biotechnology Topics to Concerned Consumers
 
Alternative Agronomic Crops
Alternative Agronomic CropsAlternative Agronomic Crops
Alternative Agronomic Crops
 
How to breed tomatoes for organic agriculture
How to breed tomatoes for organic agricultureHow to breed tomatoes for organic agriculture
How to breed tomatoes for organic agriculture
 
plant breeding
plant breedingplant breeding
plant breeding
 
DNA fingerprinting of plant material from farmers fields:What have we learned...
DNA fingerprinting of plant material from farmers fields:What have we learned...DNA fingerprinting of plant material from farmers fields:What have we learned...
DNA fingerprinting of plant material from farmers fields:What have we learned...
 
Research design
Research designResearch design
Research design
 
Antibiotic Guardian Birmingham Workshop
Antibiotic Guardian Birmingham WorkshopAntibiotic Guardian Birmingham Workshop
Antibiotic Guardian Birmingham Workshop
 
09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration
09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration
09.15hs - 10.00hs - Innovation in Restoration
 
Different Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management Essay
Different Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management EssayDifferent Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management Essay
Different Schools Of Thought Of Classical Management Essay
 
Opportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural Extension
Opportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural ExtensionOpportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural Extension
Opportunities for Scaling Out Nutrition Integration in Agricultural Extension
 
BASF Farmland Stewardship survey result
BASF Farmland Stewardship survey resultBASF Farmland Stewardship survey result
BASF Farmland Stewardship survey result
 

Plus de Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA)

Plus de Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA) (20)

Programme: Value Chain Workshop at #PWA2017
Programme: Value Chain Workshop at #PWA2017Programme: Value Chain Workshop at #PWA2017
Programme: Value Chain Workshop at #PWA2017
 
Programme: Youth Entrepreneurship High Level Panel
Programme: Youth Entrepreneurship High Level Panel Programme: Youth Entrepreneurship High Level Panel
Programme: Youth Entrepreneurship High Level Panel
 
African Women in Science and Innovation and Agenda 2063: The Africa we Want
African Women in Science and Innovation and Agenda 2063: The Africa we WantAfrican Women in Science and Innovation and Agenda 2063: The Africa we Want
African Women in Science and Innovation and Agenda 2063: The Africa we Want
 
Présentation du Secrétaire Général du Ministère malgache de l'Industrie et du...
Présentation du Secrétaire Général du Ministère malgache de l'Industrie et du...Présentation du Secrétaire Général du Ministère malgache de l'Industrie et du...
Présentation du Secrétaire Général du Ministère malgache de l'Industrie et du...
 
Présentation du Dr. Nicola Francesconi
Présentation du Dr. Nicola FrancesconiPrésentation du Dr. Nicola Francesconi
Présentation du Dr. Nicola Francesconi
 
Présentation des problèmes et recommandations des coopératives
Présentation des problèmes et recommandations des coopérativesPrésentation des problèmes et recommandations des coopératives
Présentation des problèmes et recommandations des coopératives
 
Outcomes of the 3rd Workshop 'Creating Impact with Open Data in Agriculture a...
Outcomes of the 3rd Workshop 'Creating Impact with Open Data in Agriculture a...Outcomes of the 3rd Workshop 'Creating Impact with Open Data in Agriculture a...
Outcomes of the 3rd Workshop 'Creating Impact with Open Data in Agriculture a...
 
Modèles d'affaires inclusifs : les domaines de priorités communes
Modèles d'affaires inclusifs : les domaines de priorités communesModèles d'affaires inclusifs : les domaines de priorités communes
Modèles d'affaires inclusifs : les domaines de priorités communes
 
Filières inclusives : approche et méthodologie
Filières inclusives : approche et méthodologieFilières inclusives : approche et méthodologie
Filières inclusives : approche et méthodologie
 
Filières inclusives : Moteur des filières inclusives
Filières inclusives : Moteur des filières inclusivesFilières inclusives : Moteur des filières inclusives
Filières inclusives : Moteur des filières inclusives
 
Filières inclusives : Analyser les modèles d'affaire
Filières inclusives : Analyser les modèles d'affaireFilières inclusives : Analyser les modèles d'affaire
Filières inclusives : Analyser les modèles d'affaire
 
Filières inclusives : Bâtir à partir des entreprises, le rôle des acheteurs
Filières inclusives : Bâtir à partir des entreprises, le rôle des acheteursFilières inclusives : Bâtir à partir des entreprises, le rôle des acheteurs
Filières inclusives : Bâtir à partir des entreprises, le rôle des acheteurs
 
Filières inclusives : concept et définitions
Filières inclusives : concept et définitionsFilières inclusives : concept et définitions
Filières inclusives : concept et définitions
 
Cameroon agriculture-nutrition nexus: actors and key intervention areas
Cameroon agriculture-nutrition nexus: actors and key intervention areas Cameroon agriculture-nutrition nexus: actors and key intervention areas
Cameroon agriculture-nutrition nexus: actors and key intervention areas
 
Chaine de valeur de manioc et sécurité alimentaire en Afrique centrale
Chaine de valeur de manioc et sécurité alimentaire en Afrique centraleChaine de valeur de manioc et sécurité alimentaire en Afrique centrale
Chaine de valeur de manioc et sécurité alimentaire en Afrique centrale
 
Intégration des jeunes dans la chaine de valeur du manioc par le biais des so...
Intégration des jeunes dans la chaine de valeur du manioc par le biais des so...Intégration des jeunes dans la chaine de valeur du manioc par le biais des so...
Intégration des jeunes dans la chaine de valeur du manioc par le biais des so...
 
Insertion socio-professionnelle des jeunes dans le secteur agrosylvopastoral:...
Insertion socio-professionnelle des jeunes dans le secteur agrosylvopastoral:...Insertion socio-professionnelle des jeunes dans le secteur agrosylvopastoral:...
Insertion socio-professionnelle des jeunes dans le secteur agrosylvopastoral:...
 
Jeunes et culture du manioc en zone de fôret
Jeunes et culture du manioc en zone de fôretJeunes et culture du manioc en zone de fôret
Jeunes et culture du manioc en zone de fôret
 
La filière manioc : Opportunités et défis pour la jeunesse
La filière manioc : Opportunités et défis pour la jeunesseLa filière manioc : Opportunités et défis pour la jeunesse
La filière manioc : Opportunités et défis pour la jeunesse
 
Chefs pour le développement
Chefs pour le développementChefs pour le développement
Chefs pour le développement
 

Dernier

KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostMatt Ray
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXTarek Kalaji
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6DianaGray10
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1DianaGray10
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintMahmoud Rabie
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaborationbruanjhuli
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioChristian Posta
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsSeth Reyes
 
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPathCommunity
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024D Cloud Solutions
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsSafe Software
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8DianaGray10
 
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?IES VE
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7DianaGray10
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesMd Hossain Ali
 

Dernier (20)

KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
 
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
 
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
 

The ‘model farmer’ extension approach revisited: are expert farmers effective disseminators and innovators?

  • 1. The ‘model farmer’ extension approach revisited: Are expert farmers effective disseminators and innovators ? Steven Franzel, Charles Wambugu, and Tutui Nanok World Agroforestry Centre
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. Defining expert farmers, disseminators and innovators: Criteria Expert farmer Disseminator Innovator No. of fodder shrubs No. of farmers given seeds/seedlings No. of experiments conducted/new practices tested Have nursery No. of farmers given information No. of years experimenting No. years practicing No. and type of dissemination methods used Creativity of innovation Knowledge of fodder shrub practices Source of innovation
  • 6. Defining disseminators Table 2: Disseminator index 10 farmers disseminated to over 20 farmers each! Criteria Weight Very low 0 Low 1 Medium 2 High 3 No. of farmers given planting materials 3 0 or none 1-4 5-9 10 and more No. of farmers given information 3 0 or none 1-4 5-9 10 and more Dissemination methods used: Public forum announcement 2 No ______ ______ yes Other proactive methods 2 0 or none 1 2 3 and more
  • 7. Defining innovators Table 3. The innovator index Criteria Weight Score Low 1 Medium 2 High 3 No. of own experi-ments/ innovations 3 1 2 3 or more No. years practicing innovations 1 2 yr or less 3-5 yrs 6 yrs and more Creativity 1.5 not creative ______ Creative Source of innovation 1.5 from others ______ own idea
  • 8.
  • 9. Table 4. Characterizing expert farmers, innovators, and disseminators NS: Not significant, *:significant at p<.05 ** significant at p< .10 Association between Expert farmer and non-experts Disseminators and non-disseminators Innovators and non-innovators Age NS NS NS Education NS NS NS Gender NS NS NS Wealth Positive** NS NS Land holding NS NS NS Off-farm income NS Positive* Positive**
  • 10. Persons who were not experts, innovators, or dissemin-ators 48
  • 11.