1. Fashion Apparel & Accessories
Chapter 1

2. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion apparel and
accessories is a multi-billion
dollar industry

3. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion industry employs 1 million
workers:
Women & Children’s 400,000 employees
Men & Boys 335,000 employees
Hat Workers 16,000 employees
Furs 2,000 employees
Other accessories 41,000 employees

4. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion apparel & accessories
industry ranks 4th in manufacturing
after steel, electronics and motor
vehicles.

5. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Apparel & Accessory
producers now use licensing to
enhance their products.
Licensing- an arrangement
where a well-known designer
permits another company to use
his or her name on products.
Ex. Liz Claiborne, Ralph Lauren

6. The Nature and Scope of the Industry
Licensing increases customer
awareness by offering a vast
assortment of different
merchandise at many price
points. Before licensing, only
the affluent could afford
designer merchandise.

7. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion retailing
continues to grow:
1. Chain Operations
2. Department stores
3. Direct Marketing (catalogs)
4. Home Shopping Networks:
Bargain items to upscale

8. The Nature and Scope of the Industry
The Language of Fashion
STYLE - the characteristics
that distinguish one apparel or
accessory from another.

9. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion – the style that is
popular or prevails at the time
Fad – a fashion that is short
lived.

10. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Silhouette - the shape or
outline of a garment.
Straight or tubular
Bell-shaped or bouffant
Bustle or back fullness

11. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Classic – a term used to
describe a style that is always
a fashion staple.
Collection – an expensive line

12. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Couturier- a french term used to
describe male designers. (only
the most original creators are
referred to as couturiers).
Couturiere- the female designer

13. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Haute couture (oat koo tour)-
high fashion
Pret-a-porter (pre tah portay) –
ready to wear apparel

14. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Knock- off – a copy of a
higher priced design
Custom Made – merchandise
that is specifically tailored to
fit a customer’s
measurements.

15. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Resource – a term that is
used by retailers to describe
the manufacturers or
wholesalers from whom they
purchase.

16. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion Cycle – the stages
through which fashion passes
from introduction to decline.
Trend – the direction in which
fashion is moving
NOTHINGgggggggggggggg

17. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Hot item (Ford)- a best
selling item that is reordered
again and again.
Trunk Show – a method of
showing a collection of
apparel by designers in
stores.

18. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Showroom – the place which
vendors show their lines of
merchandise to prospective
buyers.
Seventh Ave. – the entire
garment center of New York.

19. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Price point – a specific price
at which a line is offered for
sale.
Off-price – a price that is
lower than the original
wholesale price.

20. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Jobber- a term that is
synonymous with
wholesaler.
Off-shore production –
when a manufacturer creates
a line in one country and has
it produced in another.

21. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Market Week- the period of
time when the store buyers
come to the wholesale
markets to place their orders
for the next season.

22. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
The Fashion Cycle
Introduction Stage – highest
price point
Growth Stage – Copies are
made: knockoffs, line for line
copies, adaptations.
NOTHINGgggggggggggggg
Intro
Growth

23. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Fashion Cycle con’t
Maturity Stage – greatest
sales volume, retailers and
manufacturers need the ability
to determine when the
popularity will decrease.
Decline Stage – drastic price
reductions
NOTHINGgggggggggggggg
Intro
Growth
Maturity
Decline

24. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
The World’s Fashion Capitals
New York City
Paris
Milan
London
Tokyo
Hong Kong

25. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Due to increasing production
expenses, many Seventh
Avenue manufacturers are
producing in less expensive
cities.

26. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
The greatest designers are
members of the best known
fashion trade association called
the Chambre Syndicale de la
Coutre Parisienne.

27. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Hong Kong produces much
merchandise for designers
such as Giorgio Armani and
Clavin Klein due to lower
wages and expert tailoring.

28. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Classifications
The women’s apparel market
offers a great number of size
ranges to accommodate the
many different types of female
figures.

29. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Women’s Wear size ranges:
Misses
Juniors
Petites
Women’s
Half Sizes
Tall Sizes

30. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Men’s Wear size ranges:
Regular
Short/Long
Extra Long
Portly
Stout
Extra Large

31. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Children’s Wear Size Ranges:
Infants
Toddlers
Children’s
Girls’/ Boys’
Preteen
Youth

32. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Apparel & Accessories of the
20th century

33. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1900’s- Formal wear, floor-
length, waist-fitted dresses,
large hats with feathers and
bows, gloves, laced up boots,
children’s wardrobes
mimicked those of their
parents.

34. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Gibson Girl

35. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1910’s – straighter, simpler
lines, hobble skirts, smaller
hats, handbags, parasols

36. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1920’s – Shorter dresses,
(new flapper look), long torso
silhouette, long chains,
shorter hair, cloches- close
fitting hats, multi-layered
fringes.

37. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1930’s – bias cut gowns,
heavily padded shouldered
suits

38. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1940’s – war time restrictions;
nylon used for parachute
production, straight & simple
silhouettes. End of war: Dior’s
New Look- full skirted longer
skirts.

39. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1950’s – Strapless dresses,
pedal pushes, full skirts over
petticoats, poodle skirts

40. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
Chanel’s introduction of the
chemise – a dress silhouette
that is tubular, is straight lined
and void of a waistline.

41. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1960’s – Beatles “mod” look,
go-go boots, miniskirts by
designer Mary Quant, pillbox
hats, bold geometric shapes.

42. 1960’s

43. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1970’s – pants – flares, minis,
hot pants, high platform
shoes, denim resurfaced by
Calvin Klein (designer jeans)

44. 1970’s

45. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1980’s – Pouf dresses
popularized by LaCroix
designer labels, warm-up
suits, sneakers, business
suits for working women, faux
pearl necklaces.

46. The Nature & Scope of the Industry
1990’s – individuality –
varying skirt lengths, flares,
platform shoes.