Introduction to Router and Routing Basics

1. 1/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction to Router and Routing Basics Darwish Ahmad Herati St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous) Computer Science Department MSc (Computer Science) SUPERVISOR Prof. Ms. Mary Merlin June 25, 2015 Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

2. 2/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Contents 1 Theoretical Section Introduction Routing Basics 2 Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

3. 3/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Network Router Deﬁnition: It is an internetworking device Used to connect two or more different NETWORKS. OSI Reference Model: Network Layer(Layer Three). Logical Address(IP Address) TCP/IP Model: Internet Layer(Layer Two). Logical Address(IP Address) Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

4. 3/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Network Router Deﬁnition: It is an internetworking device Used to connect two or more different NETWORKS. OSI Reference Model: Network Layer(Layer Three). Logical Address(IP Address) TCP/IP Model: Internet Layer(Layer Two). Logical Address(IP Address) Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

5. 4/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Network Router Components ROM: Store the Routers bootstrap details, operating system software. Flash Memory: Holds the operating systems images. The content is retained when the Router is restarted. RAM: Store the Routing tables, configuration files, caching and buffering details. Content is LOST when lost router is switched off or restarted. NVRAM: Stores the Routers startup configuration files. Data is NON volatile. Network Interfaces: Connect Router to Network. Let’s See The Components!!! Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

10. 5/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Network Router Components Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

11. 6/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Network Router Architecture Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

12. 7/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Routing Basics Routing Deﬁnition: In internetworking, the process of moving a packet of data from SOURCE to DESTINATION. Routing is usually performed by a dedicated device called a ROUTER. Types of Routing: Dynamic Routing and Static Routing. Routing Table: Contains a list of speciﬁc routing destinations and when the Router receives a packet of data it references the Routing Table to know where to send that data. See The Routing Tables : 1. Cisco Routers IOS: show ip route 2. Linux OS: route -n 3. Windows OS: route print, netstat -rn Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

15. 8/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Routing Algorithms Routing algorithm determines the best possible path (next hop) and update the Routing Table. Examples of Routing Algorithms : 1. Bellman-Ford Algorithm 2. Dijkstra’s Algorithm 3. The Floyd Warshall Algorithm 4. etc. Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

16. 9/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Classiﬁcation of Routing Protocols According to: Purpose: Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) or Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) Operation: Distance vector protocol, link-state protocol, or path-vector protocol. Behavior: Classful (legacy) or classless protocol. Let See the Examples !!! Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

19. 10/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Introduction Routing Basics Examples of Routing Protocols: RIPv1 (Legacy): IGP, distance vector, classful protocol. IGRP (legacy): IGP, distance vector, classful protocol developed by Cisco (deprecated from 12.2 IOS and later). RIPv2: IGP, distance vector, classless protocol. EIGRP: IGP, distance vector, classless protocol developed by Cisco. OSPF: IGP, link-state, classless protocol. IS-IS: IGP, link-state, classless protocol. BGP: EGP, path-vector, classless protocol. Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

20. 11/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Router Manufacturers Companies : Cisco : D-Link : MikroTik : Juniper : LinkSys : etc. Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

26. 12/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco Systems General Information : Net income: (2014) 7.9 Billion Dollar Number of Employees: About 74000 CEO of Cisco System: John T. Chambers Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

27. 13/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco Systems Co-Founder Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

28. 14/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco System Training Courses: Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

29. 15/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco Hierarchical Model: Divided into Three Layers: 1. Access Layer 2. Distribution Layer 3. Core Layer Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

30. 16/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco Hierarchical Model: Access Layer Routers Access Layers Routers: Small Organizations, Also known as Desktop or Company Layer Routers. Router Series: 800, 1000, 1600, 1700, 1800,2500 Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

31. 17/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco Hierarchical Model: Distribution Layer Routers Distribution Layers Routers: ISPs, Also known as ISP Layer Routers. Router Series: 2600, 3200, 3600, 3700, 3800 Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

32. 18/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Cisco Hierarchical Model: Core Layer Routers Core Layers Routers: Global ISPs, Also known as Backbone Routers. Router Series: 6400, 7200, 7300, 7400, 7500,7600,10000,12000 Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

33. 19/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Network Simulation Technologies: 1st: Cloonix 2nd: (CORE) Common Open Research Emulator 3rd: GNS3 4th: (IMUNES) Integrated Multi-protocol Network Emulator/Simulator 5th: Marionnet Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

38. 20/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Network Simulation Technologies: Cont... 6th: Netkit 7th: Psimulator2 8th: Packet Tracer 9th: etc. Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

42. 21/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation LAN Implementation using Cisco Packet Tracer: Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

43. 22/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation References Deepankar Medhi, Karthikeyan Ramasamy. (2007). Network Routing. December. Todd Lammle, (2009). (CCNA) Cisco Certiﬁed Network Associate Study Guide 5th Edition. April N2013 Shaun L. Hummel . (2013). Routing Protocol Selection Guide.June etc... Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

44. 23/23 Theoretical Section Practical Section Router Manufacturers Simulation Technologies LAN Implementation Thank You For Your Attention Darwish Ahmad Herati Router and Routing Basics

Introduction to Router and Routing Basics

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