Verbus System Design Manual

1. Verbus System Design Manual
issue 003: March 2009

2. overview
VERBUS
> Significantly improved programme times compared to
traditional construction.
> Improved project costs.
> Deliverable anywhere in the world.
> Up to 16 stories achievable with a standard module.
> Reduced on site project and commercial management
required by Main Contractor.

3. CONTENTS
1 Verbus System
> What is Modular Construction?
> Why use Modular Construction?
> How does Verbus differ from other systems?
> Verbus Cycle
2 Verbus Process
> The Team
> The Design Process
> Limitless Solutions
> Modular Building Concept
3 Verbus Technology
> Construction
> Geometries
> Structure
> Assembly and H&S
> Robustness & Durability
> Fire
> Acoustics
> Thermal Performance
> Heat & Ventilation
> Sustainability
> Standard Details
4 Verbus FAQ’s
> Structure
> Manufacture & Delivery
> External Treatment: Roofing Facade/ Cladding
> Glazing
> Acoustic Design
> Conservation of Fuel & Power - Thermal
> Fire Safety
> Drainage
> Mechanical & Electrical
> Internal FF&E
> Resistance to Contaminants & Moisture
> Toxic Substances
> Stairs Lifts & Protection from Failing
> Certification & Design Life

4. 1 Verbus System
> What is Modular Construction?
> Why use Modular Construction?
> How does Verbus differ from other systems?
> Verbus Cycle

5. VERBUS SYSTEM
Modular Construction
WHAT is modular WHY use modular construction?
construction? Modular technology considerably reduces construction time. It is safer, quieter and cleaner than traditional methods of
construction. It reduces the likelihood of defects and allows easy and low cost maintenance. It also offers designers
The term modular construction and architects flexibility which is cost-effective.
is used where a building is
Modular construction has many benefits in terms of labour skills, programme and quality. National Audit Office
assembled from a series of statistics:
volumetric modules, linked
together to form a complete 1.Construction times can be reduced by 60%, saving both programme time and associated preliminary costs.
structure. The modules, which
are manufactured, finished and 2.On-site Labour is typically reduced by 70% compared to traditional construction techniques, which leads to
considerable benefits on site for access, storage of materials and Health & Safety issues in general.
fitted-out off-site, under factory
conditions, are then 3.The building envelope can be made water tight up to 80% faster than through traditional construction techniques,
transported to the construction leading to reduced risks due to weather.
site and lifted into place.
All which lead to greater speed, productivity, quality and safety thus ensuring earlier completion and greater revenue
generation.
HOW does Verbus differ from other systems?
The Verbus system is built around newly developed, patented technology, and is far more robust than any other
system on the market.
The Verbus system is based on the fittings and transportation characteristics of the universal shipping container
hence Verbus modules are not only highly robust, versatile and economic but they are also highly suitable for both
international and national sea and road transportation using conventional vehicle logistics.
The Verbus system with its steel frame and panelised lightweight wall construction are particularly suitable for use
as structural modules making additional steel framing unnecessary.
The robustness and rigidity of Verbus modules also allows far greater variety in the type of finishing that can be
applied to the exterior of the building and the quality and level of fit-out that can be introduced to the interior
The Verbus system is generally self stabilising and does not require support from the staircases or riser cores,
removing the construction of these items from the critical path.
Finally the close integration and vast experience of the Verbus design team, logistics department and module
manufacturer, mean that when initial concept schemes are considered, total optimisation can be built-in at an early
stage.

6. VERBUS SYSTEM
Verbus Building Cycle
fabrication fitout shipping docking
The Verbus System utilises established production techniques and
capacity to manufacture quality accommodation solutions at high volume. The
basis of the system is a range of High Strength, corrosion resistant steel
manufactured modules fully certified, tested and approved that can be
fully fitted out and combined to create a wide variety of building shapes and be
adapted to suit any planning or end user needs.
The Verbus System is also revolutionary in that it is fully de-mountable and
re-usable.
road transport
dismantle
completion connection installation
re-furbish re-assabmle

7. 2 Verbus Process
> The Team
> The Design Process
> Limitless Solutions
> Modular Building Concept

8. VERBUS PROCESS
The Team
The Verbus Team provides full
technical support and detailed information
on all aspects of the Verbus Systems
solution. Working closely with Client’s Team
to ensure a seamless interface and a fully
integrated building solution.
Verbus Systems have worked closely with industry
professionals to develop a highly versatile, efficient and
r o b u s t m o d u l a r b u i l d i n g s y s t e m . Ve r b u s S y s t e m s c a n
provide a full design and service to clients ranging
from foundations to finishes. Working with contractors they can deliver and
erect their patented volumetric modular system as a shell
or fully fitted finish.
Buro Happold have helped develop Verbus Systems design and
technology over the last 3 years. This has been achieved through detailed
design development of the structural engineering, fire, thermal and acoustic
performance of the units in order to gain compliance with local building
regulations. Initially the projects have been in the UK, but they are now being
developed further for approval in other European countries as well as North
America and the Middle East
K KA h a v e a s s i s t e d i n t h e d e s i g n a n d d e l i v e r y o f
numerous Verbus Systems projects throughout the UK and
other worldwide locations. From inception to completion,
through in depth understanding of the system, KKA can
provide full design solutions or simply advise on developing
the most economical Verbus solution.

9. VERBUS PROCESS
The Design Process
The Design Process Verbus Design Stages
Stage 1A: Initial Viability Appraisal
The Verbus Team provides full
technical support and detailed Identify Client's requirements, propose multiple options to maximise use of Verbus Modular Units within the scheme.
information on all aspects of the Demonstrate the flexibility with which the Verbus Modular Units can accommodate diverse layouts and multiple
Ve r b u s S y s t e m s s o l u t i o n building types.
ensuring a seamless interface
between the Verbus System Stage 1B: Preliminary Unit Types and Layouts
and all other building Prepare outline proposals based on clients preferred options including basic schedule on Units Types and Sizes.
components. Liaise with Client Team to explain the fundamental principals of the Verbus System and its integration into a complete
building solution.
The Verbus Design Team can
offer a full building design Stage 2: Detailed Unit Types and Layouts
service, but where required will
Prepare initial GA drawings including all setting out and structural parameters .
work alongside the Client's Team Liaise with Client Design Team on all building interface issues and prepare generic information on Structural, M&E,
through every stage of the Thermal, Fire and Acoustic performance of Verbus components.
design process to ensure a fully Prepare detailed schedule of Unit Types, Sizes and Fit-out.
integrated, optimised and
statutory compliant building Stage 3A – C: Unit Shell and Structure Plans, Sections & Elevations
solution is achieved.
Prepare detailed Unit Shell fabrication drawings and carry out all structural calculations etc. in conjunction with Unit
Shell.
Early involvement of the Verbus Liaise with manufacturer to ensure fabrication drawings / specifications are optimized for Unit Shell construction and
Team in the design of a building economy.
leads to greater flexibility and
greater economic and Stage 4A – D: Unit Fit-out Plans, Sections, Elevations & Schedules
programme benefits.
Prepare detailed internal fit-out drawings and schedules based on the clients Employers Requirements Documents
for client approval and fabrication.
The Verbus Team becomes a Liaise with manufacturer to ensure fit-out drawings / specifications are optimized for Unit Shell construction and
fully integrated part of the overall economy.
Project Team attending briefing, Prepare detailed M&E drawings and specifications for all services to be provided in Verbus fit-out
design, and contractor / site
Stage 5: Unit Interface / Co-ordination Remaining Building Fabric.
meetings and ensuring a
continuous flow of information Prepare all information necessary to ensure Verbus System can be integrated by Client Design team with all
between all parties. remaining building fabric.

10. VERBUS PROCESS
Case Study 1: The Design Process
PROPOSED HOTEL
VERBUS STAGE 1A OPTIMISATION STUDY VERBUS PROPOSALS
TOTAL NUMBER OF BEDROOMS: 80
TOTAL NUMBER OF VERBUS STOREYS: 3
Staircase could be provided
in Verbus unit. Note: careful
co-ordination required.
Traditional steel frame
podium structure
LEVEL 1
Corner could be provided
in Verbus or traditional.
Note: Half units are Option2: Greater economy as
ORIGINAL PROPOSALS less economical than units are the same
full units. To achieve
greater economics, Junction will need consideration
reduce number of where Verbus units intersect.
types.
Module
Module
Module
Module
OPTION 1 OPTION 2 LEVEL 2 - 3

11. VERBUS PROCESS
Case Study 2: The Design Process
VERBUS PROPOSALS
Line of original tower.
PROPOSED HOTEL
VERBUS STAGE 1A OPTIMISATION STUDY
TOTAL NUMBER OF BEDROOMS: 230
TOTAL NUMBER OF VERBUS STOREYS: 9
LEVEL 1
Building extended to rationalise
the use of Verbus units.
Keep corridor central if possible
to maximise economy.
All elevational modelling as “decorative”
cladding/balconies etc. This ensures
maximum off site fit out.
ORIGINAL PROPOSALS
LEVEL 2-6
Mix of rooms depandant on width of site.
All elevational modelling as “decorative”
cladding/balconies etc. This ensures
maximum off site fit out.
LEVEL 7

12. VERBUS PROCESS
Case Study 3: The Design Process
VERBUS PROPOSALS
Ground and mezzanine floor levels to be
traditionally constructed
Dashed line indicates outline of upper floors.
Extent of Bedroom accommodation over.
PROPOSED HOTEL
VERBUS STAGE 1A OPTIMISATION STUDY
TOTAL NUMBER OF BEDROOMS: 70
TOTAL NUMBER OF VERBUS STOREYS: 5
ORIGINAL PROPOSALS
GROUND & MEZZ LEVEL
Proposed void space, will require fire
stopping.
Traditionally constructed bridging infill.
Continuity of finishes maintained by
lining of corridor wall face on site/
typical ‘zip-up’ detail.
External cladding to face of all units
by contractor.
Standard Units arranged radially.
LEVEL 1 - 4
RESIDENTIAL BY OTHERS HOTEL BY VERBUS
Module can be delivered with
staircase insitu.
Module
Module
Module
Voids for lift shafts.
LEVEL 5

13. VERBUS PROCESS
Case Study 4: The Design Process
VERBUS PROPOSALS Traditional Frame
Structure & Fit Out
will be required to
corners.
PROPOSED STUDENT ACCOMMODATION:
VERBUS STAGE 1A OPTIMISATION STUDY
TOTAL NUMBER OF BEDROOMS: 740
TOTAL NUMBER OF VERBUS STOREYS: 20
Traditional Frame
Structure & Fit Out
will be required to
corners and Braced
Slightly Larger Units Corners.
to accommodate Stair
approx 200-300 mm
wider than Standard
Room. Thus Structure
“Lines” through.
Traditional Frame
Structure & Fit Out
will be required to
corners.
Possible Extra Rooms
could be achieved. LEVEL 1-6 LEVEL 7 LEVEL 8
However Implication is
2no. 6 Bed Clusters.
Traditional Frame
Structure & Fit Out
will be required to
corners.
ORIGINAL PROPOSALS Traditional Frame
Structure & Fit Out
will be required to
corners and Braced
Module Corners.
LEVEL 9,10 LEVEL 11- 20

14. VERBUS PROCESS
Limitless Solutions
Variable length, height, width, orientation, juxtaposition, layout and finish
construct endless design solutions and building layouts.
Modular construction need not be limited by a single solution only your
imagination.
consider the time, cost & quality benefits of a fully
finished modular building solution.
1 pre-fabricated frame
pre-fabricated ground floor podium structure delivered to site for rapid assembly
2 building blocks
fully fitted & finished room modules containing bedrooms, circulation & services
accommodation “stacked” up to 15 storeys without the need for additional framing
3 modular roof
fully finished roof modules pre-laid to fall & complete with gutter system fitted to
the upper storey and integrated with pre-installed plant modules if required
4 “clip on” cladding
modules are designed to be clad with an external skin, but can be delivered fully
insulated and glazed, ready for habitation

15. VERBUS PROCESS
Modular Building Concept
pre- fabricated roof modules utilize
modules lowered and bolted Verbus connection technology shipped in
into place “batches” in the volume of a shipping module
upper circulation module pre-fitted with lifts
stairs pre-fitted in circulation ready to “drop” upon completion of vertical
modules core
modular cladding system
as single component (where required) enhancement features
can be attached before module is lifted
into place
option A.
ground floor structure
provided as traditional construction
complete modular units craned
into position
option B.
ground floor structure
provided as a ready to assemble
prefabricated “kit of parts”
option C.
ground floor podium structure
provided in Verbus units with Verbus spacer
signature cladding frames providing extra height if required
system can be attached in module
size sections before module is lifted
into place

16. 3 Verbus Technology
> Construction
> Geometries
> Structure
> Assembly and H&S
> Fire
> Acoustics
> Thermal Performance
> Heat & Ventilation
> Sustainability
> Standard Details

17. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Construction: The Basic Verbus Module
The basic Verbus module comprises a “shell” of high tensile
corrosion resistant steel components with composite wall,
floor and roof structure that provides superior insulation for
sound, thermal & fire performance.

18. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Construction: The Basic Verbus Shell
intermediate castings are
introduced depending on unit size to
ensure maximum flexibility for
transportation lifting stacking & docking
the module frame comprises
lightweight folded plate rails and posts
Composite roof comprises:
- 1.6mm Corten steel flat outer sheet units are permanentlybolted/
- 100mm mineral wool insulation
secured once on site via a simple bolt
- “C” channel steel joists
box
- 9mm plywood
- 2 layers of 12.5mm plasterboard
openings are framed with closure
posts & head & sill rails
the frame is stiffened by lightweight
1.6mm gauge corrugated steel sheets i.e.
the frame and outer sheet act as a
lightweight diaphragm structure
a grid of simple plates &
standard industry connections are installed
to ensure a perfect fit & interface with other
building components
Composite wall comprises:
- 1.6mm Corten Steel profiled outer sheet
plasterboard
- 40mm insulation
outersheet
- lining support rails
insulation
plywood
- 9mm plywood primary lining
- 2 layers of plasterboard secondary lining
rails
standard shipping “castings” - used
for lifting docking & securing
Composite floor comprises:
- 28mm plywood
- 100mm mineral wool insulation
- rubber separation gaskets
- “C” channel steel joists
- 1.6mm Corten steel flat outer sheet

19. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Geometries
Verbus Module dimensions can be a range of sizes. The most common
dimensions of which are 6ft or 8ft x 40ft (2,438mm or 3660 mm x 12,192mm).
The adjacent Matrix highlights how Verbus Modules which harmonize with multiples of these
dimensions to give greater economies.
Longer units combining more volumes into a single module will provide greater savings
than a series of smaller modules containing the same independent spaces.
Projects are not limited to 'standard' sizes and a full range of
Module sizes can be provided.
Geometry ‘V’ Economy Matrix:
minimum optimum maximum
6058 to 12192 to 14273
minimum 2438
variable widths
to
optimum 3660
to
Good Value
Very Good Value maximum 4022
Excellent Value
variable lengths

20. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Structure
stability
side & end unit walls to provide
Verbus Modules are high strength building stability
steel frame and metal plate diaphragm
structures based on universal shipping
container design, revised to suit the
requirements and demands of the
construction industry.
The units are fabricated from rolled
steel sections, with the wall structure of the
shipping container acting as a load bearing
structural element and floor and roof
construction designed to satisfy the loading
and dynamic response conditions of a multi-
storey building.
Because of their inherent
strength, the units can be stacked as
high as high as 15 to 20 storeys. For
stability, the units laid side by side are
connected to each other using spigots and
sockets, and bolted plates. When fully
connected the units are mostly self load paths
stabilising and do not require the support of corner + intermediate posts
support vertical loads
independent steel frames or cores.

21. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Assembly and H&S
Assembly is simple, fast and safe. The
Verbus System can be provided on a simple
foundation solution or on a steel or concrete
podium. The design allows for rapid
erection with low-technology, fail safe
bolted connections. The units are
weatherproof so that interiors remain
protected during the assembly process.
Modules are fully fitted out before arrival on
site.
Modules can be erected and bolted
together internally without external
scaffolding. The installation process
includes a temporary barrier system which
in conjunction with man-safes and safety
harnesses provides a rapid and safe
method of construction.
Due to the small number of large lifts
and the absence of traditional materials on
site, this modular construction method
offers the opportunity for a significant
reduction in the number of hazards on site.

22. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Robustness & Durability
boxes
high yield structural steel
boxes
bolting phase 1
The Verbus units are manufactured internal corridor bolting
from weather-resistant Corten A steel. This
is a material with a yield stress of at least
375N/mm2. The Corten A steel is used for
the corrugated walls of the unit and also for
rolled steel sections including perimeter
beams and load bearing posts.
When bolted together, the boxes form a
continuous tied structure which prevents
disproportionate collapse of the building
should a single unit become damaged and
fail.
The external steel box also
provides a vapour barrier, and allows the
individual building elements to be weather-
tight during transportation and construction
The units have been prototyped and
load tested, and all materials are certified by
testing. corrosion
protection
Workmanship in the factory is painted corten steel
(anti-rust) protection bolting phase 2
independently monitored and controlled by external vertical and horizontal
bolting ties to prevent
Lloyds Insurance. disproportionate collapse

23. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Fire Strategy
fire protected riser shaft
cavity between units: class 0 fire
sterile environment
The building system is designed fire resistance of unit is 1 - 2 hours
to meet Building Regulations for Fire Safety,
which covers means of escape, spread of
flame, fire performance and access for fire-
fighting.
The modular units can be built to
resist a fire for up to 2 hours. Spread of
flame through the corridors or via the
windows is prevented by conventional fire
stopping. The spaces between the units
are treated as fire sterile areas and are
sealed off from the other spaces in the
building. In the event that a module is
damaged during a fire the surrounding units
remain tied together and fully supported.
Escape stairs and corridors
can be treated in a similar way to a
conventional building.
corridor “zip-up” linings
provide cavity fire barriers
external envelope insulation
provides fire barrier in cladding
zone

24. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Acoustic Performance
>54 Dntw Ctr dB Floor/ceiling
noise reduction
The modular units meet and floor to ceiling impact noise
transfer < 55Lntw dB
exceed minimum building regulation noise
reduction levels, and can accommodate
sound isolation requirements for residential
and hotel buildings. Air borne noise and
structure borne sounds are successfully
isolated by the layers of plasterboard,
insulation and air gaps between the units.
A range of external noise isolation
measures can be achieved through the
specification of appropriate cladding
working in conjunction with the noise
reduction of the units themselves.
>50Dntw + Ctr dB noise reduction
between rooms
units + external cladding provide noise
reduction

25. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Thermal Performance
it should be noted that the outer
steel sheet of the Verbus unit is
The Building Regulations will considered as the vapour barrier. In order
specify minimum standards to be achieved for this to be successful, and to mitigate
the risk of interstitial condensation,
for thermal performance of the building additional insulation must be provided
against the external steel face of the unit.
design, including the building fabric. The
assessment method usually requires the
performance of the entire building to be composite roof: R=1.31m2K/W
measured against standard criteria for
carbon emissions.
The thermal performance of
the Verbus System is measured in
conjunction with the external wall and
insulation, plywood and minimum 2 layers composite wall: R=1.09m2K/W
plasterboard for combined optimum
thermal and acoustic performance,
composite floor: R=1.31m2K/W
achieving the best possible elemental value
without compromising the available floor
area.
The adjacent diagram provides indicative
elemental Thermal Resistance Values (R -
Value) for the wall, floor and roof of the
Verbus Systems Shell. These values can of
course be increased, with a small loss of
floor area, by increasing insulation
thickness and lining specification.

26. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Heat & Ventilation
extract via bathroom riser
heat & ventilation
option 2:
supply & extract temperature controlled
air ducted from roof to fan coil units in
bedroom ceilings
The units can meet current Building
Regulations standards for thermal
performance, air-tightness and general
building servicing requirements with an
appropriate specification for the building
fabric.
Heat and ventilation can be
provided locally in the modules or if a sealed
façade and ducted air solution is required,
via temperature controlled ventilation
fancoil units.
The modules are pre-fabricated with
pre-formed service riser positions to allow
the installation of ductwork both horizontally
and vertically. Plant and equipment outside
the modules will be installed on site, with the
pre-fabrication concentrated within the heat & ventilation
option 1:
modules and local risers. external trickle ventilation
The level of pre-fabrication
local heater unit in the room
will vary between the different types of
building and there will be connections of
ductwork and services to be made between
the units horizontally and vertically
dependant on the design strategy for the
ventilation system of the modules.

27. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Sustainability
40 year life cycle
Material
Transport Dismantling
Extraction Second
to Construction Operation & rebuild/
and operation
site Rebuild
processing
The Verbus building system brings the
following benefits in terms of Stage 1 Stage 2
sustainability:
1. Minimised transport and CO2
Stage One & Stage Two: Impact of Reuse Summary of Verbus Building
emissions. (over 40 year Design Life)
Materials are sourced close to the factory. The steel used
contains re-cycled material. The amount of fossil fuels used
for shipping and transportation is less than the fuels used for
deliveries by traditional on-site construction techniques.
2. Re-use of the units.
The units can be unbolted and refurbished for re-use. They
are also flexible and adaptable for modification.
3. Minimised use of Materials and
Waste.
The prefabrication process maximises the use of material in
manufacture, and minimises waste created on site.
4. Good Air-tightness and thermal
performance.
The continuous outer steel box prevents air leakage allowing
venting to be carefully controlled through trickle vents. The Alternative technologies can be incorporated into the Verbus
box is insulated inside and out providing good thermal and system to reduce external power and water consumption, such as:
acoustic performance.
5. Shading devices and other façade Solar thermal collectors, Photo-voltaics, Ground source Heat pumps, Biomass boiler, Greywater
elements: These can be modularised and fixed to the Recycling.
outside of the Verbus boxes without additional
strengthening.
The other measures that can be taken to reduce the environmental impact of the building include good
building orientation and use of daylight, natural ventilation and cooling, efficient land use, respect to
ecology, efficient water usage, good operation management, and low energy services such as lighting.

28. VERBUS TECHNOLOGY
Standard Details
wall construction (plan)
roof construction (section)
floor construction (section)

29. 5 Verbus FAQ’s
> Structure
> Manufacture & Delivery
> External Treatment: Roofing Facade/ Cladding
> Glazing
> Acoustic Design
> Conservation of Fuel & Power - Thermal
> Fire Safety
> Drainage
> Mechanical & Electrical
> Internal FF&E
> Resistance to Contaminants & Moisture
> Toxic Substances
> Stairs Lifts & Protection from Falling
> Certification & Design Life

30. Verbus FAQ
STRUCTURE
1. What is the wall make-up between units for wall acting as party wall?
Standard Verbus detail would be two layers 12.5mm fireline, 1 layer of 10mm plywood, 40mm metal stud with rockwool
insulation 1.6mm Corten steel folded to give a 20.5mm corrugation. There would be an air gap of approximately 28m before
adjacent unit provides an identical wall build up. Typical overall thickness 220mm.
2. What is the wall make-up for an external wall?
As detailed above, but Corten steel wall would then have additional insulation, a cavity then the external facade (brick,
rendered panel , timber, aluminium cladding etc.)
3. There appear to be a number of posts in the front elevation: is this
standard or is this due to opening that is created?
There are some posts required in the end walls to give the unit robustness during shipping and stacking on a vessel. Some
of these posts can be removed once the unit is in its permanent state (i.e. erected as a building). Some Posts are to form
window/ door apertures as required.
4. Is it possible to completely remove the front of a unit?
Dependant on width of unit and adjacent structure. The top, bottom & end joists will always be required as will the columns
on the corners of the unit. The remainder of the end wall could be removed in the right situation.
5. Will our openings require similar framing?
Yes. All openings will need to be framed. There is an opportunity to use the essential elements of structure for this framing
(as mentioned above) or an additional frame would be required.

31. Verbus FAQ
STRUCTURE
6. Do Verbus design and warrant the overall building stability including core?
Verbus will warrant the design of the structure of the Verbus elements of a building. Where a building contains elements of
steel / concrete frame (i.e. cores or large open span areas) these elements may designed by the Verbus project engineer. It
is the project engineer who takes overall responsibility for the building as a whole.
7. Do Verbus provide wind loading design?
Verbus units will be designed for wind loading pressures provided by the structural engineer.
8. Do Verbus provide load bearing design including cladding loads?
Dead and live loads would be agreed with the structural engineer. Verbus can provide loadings for interface with supporting
structures (e.g. Transfer decks and cores.)
9. Do Verbus provide disproportionate collapse safeguard design?
The units are designed and detailed to transmit tie forces to BS 5950 in the event of loss of support.
10. Do Verbus provide loadings for ground slab design?
Loads due to Verbus units in contact with the ground slab would be provided by Verbus to the structural engineer designing
the ground floor slab.
11. Do Verbus provide loadings for design of foundations?
Verbus provides unit loads for incorporation into foundation designs. Note that weight of cladding, roof top plant and other
loadings to be provided by the structural engineer.

32. Verbus FAQ
MANUFACTURE & DELIVERY
1. What would be the period required for Verbus to prepare drawings, issue
for comment, amend and re-issue for construction?
Very much dependent on the size of project and variation of unit types. Typically 6-8 weeks from order being placed to
Verbus Design Freeze being achieved assuming the Clients Design is “frozen”.
2. What period would be required for manufacture and despatch from factory
from the date of construction issued drawings?
Typically twelve weeks.
3. What period would be required from factory despatch date for shipping and
delivery to site, including time to negotiate exit and entry ports?
Typically four weeks.
4. What holding/ storage or other arrangement is provided by Verbus to
facilitate a phased delivery to meet the site programme of erection?
As required we use a national road haulier with storage facilities throughout the UK
5. Given a clear run, what average site erection rate would Verbus expect to
achieve per week – (modules delivered, placed and structurally connected.)
Verbus could achieve a rate of ten units per day
6. Will Verbus inspect / accept foundations and erect modules, and attach
structurally to the cores and foundations.
This is subject to contract conditions. Verbus can carry out these procedures if required

33. Verbus FAQ
MANUFACTURE & DELIVERY
7. What protection do units have in transit?
The outer skin of the units is 1.6mm Corten Steel. This requires no additional protection.
8. What happens if the boat sinks or a unit falls off the side of the vessel?
Verbus provide insurance to cover any such transit related issues. This insurance is valid from the manufacturing
facility through to delivery to site.

34. Verbus FAQ
EXTERNAL TREATMENT: ROOFING FACADE/ CLADDING
1. Have you ever used a bespoke metal cladding solution externally?
There are currently two live projects which utilise metal cladding in part of the external façade system. However the
outer face of the unit must be insulated.
2. What rules have to be followed for the fixings / spacing of cleats etc. which
cladding rails, trims and flashings can be fixed to?
The Verbus units provide fixing points for cladding rails at the top and bottom of the side and end walls. Should brick
ties or similar be required then plates are welded to the external skin as required.
3. Cladding connection provision
The Verbus units have a steel structure allowing different cladding systems to be fixed to the outside of the units. Flat
plates, “Ancon” brackets and other fixing points are provided on the unit for cladding attachments to be added.
4. What types of cladding can be applied to the module and what provision do
Verbus make in each case for fixing.
Any cladding system can be fixed to a Verbus unit. The standard provision is either brick tie plates welded to the
external skin of the unit plus “Ancon” brackets along top and bottom rails to take vertical cladding rails. We would have
early discussions with the cladding contractor to ensure that the interfaces are known.
5. Do Verbus normally provide external doorsets and/ or windows factory fitted
and glazed?
No, not normally. If the employer requires such items they can be supplied loose inside modules. However windows &
doors could be pre-installed in the right situation.
6. Can a parapet detail be added to the Verbus units by means of a standard
Verbus connection detail?
Previous projects have had parapets formed in situ from a timber construction fixed through into the top rail of the units.
However in the right situation yes this could be achieved.

35. Verbus FAQ
GLAZING
1. How do you deal with window penetrations in a UK brick clad scheme? With
particular interest in what the sequence / detail is once the opening has been
'knocked out'. Is the reveal of the Verbus unit simply dry lined from within on site?
The window reveal has straps or brackets fixed to it to support the window (which is primarily in the wall cavity).
Once the window is fitted the reveal is lined with 1 layer 12.5mm vapour check plasterboard and 1 layer 12.5mm
soundbloc plasterboard as standard
2. If the reveal is dry lined on site, how is fixing achieved into the steel surround?
Are grounds required first?
Grounds are not required first. The plasterboard can be fixed directly to the steel frame of the window aperture.
Alternatively a plywood lined reveal could be provided.
3. Is the window normally fixed into the Verbus unit rather than the outer
cladding system? This would replace the need for a lined reveal with a simple
finish like an architrave.
Both are possible. The client usually prefers to have an internal cill detail as a more traditional construction would
provide, therefore the window is fitted in the cavity between Verbus wall and external façade.
However if there is no requirement for an internal cill or reveal the window can be pre-installed in the unit providing it
does not protrude beyond the face of the outer sheet.

36. Verbus FAQ
ACOUSTIC DESIGN
1. What sound insulation value does the unit have without additional insulation?
Results of theoretical predictions and model constructions
For single external wall:
Assumptions:
Plasterboard 2 layers of 12.5mm board with mass
17.3kg/m2
Plywood 1 layer of 10mm plywood with mass
5.6kg/m2
Void 50mm with 40mm of mineral wool
Steel 1.6mm flat steel 12.5kg/m2
Sound reduction index Rw - 51
2. Vibration: To meet design code and Employer's requirements.
<= 55Lntw dB
3. Acoustic Design: To meet both Employer's requirements and Building
Regulations – impact and airborne sound walls and floors.
The design of a standard Verbus unit is such that previous test data confirms it easily attains those targets set by Building
Regulations. Acoustic performance measured as a combination of Verbus build-up and external walls. Room to room
acoustic performance measured on previous Verbus buildings.
Room to room noise reduction:
>= 50Dntw +Ctr dB
Floor to ceiling noise reduction:
>= 54Dntw +Ctr dB

37. Verbus FAQ
CONSERVATION OF FUEL & POWER - THERMAL
1. What U value does the unit provide without additional insulation?
The unit has the following thermal resistance, which when combined with external cladding and insulation provides a U-
value:
- wall: R=1.09 m2K/W
- roof: R=1.31 m2K/W
- floor: R=1.05 m2K/W
2. Does the external insulation need to be positioned tight against the outer face
of the unit? Can an air gap be provided with a composite, Kingspan type,
insulation or does this cause problems with interstitial condensation?
No requirement to place insulation against outer face of unit.
3. Air Tightness Design: To meet both Employer's requirements and Building
Regulations including interstitial condensation calculation check.
Part L calculations normally carried out by project building services engineer or architect. Construction details of the
Verbus units provided by Verbus.
4. Thermal Design: To meet both Employer's requirements and Building
Regulations including interstitial condensation calculation check.
The thermal properties of the Verbus units are such that additional insulation is required outside of the units in the
cavity behind the external cladding / façade. Part L calculations normally carried out by project building services
engineer.

38. Verbus FAQ
FIRE SAFETY
1. What is the Fire rating for a Verbus Unit and what level of protection is
given to its structural elements?
90 minutes standard. Verbus units are fire rated as specified by the architect. Up to 2 hours protection possible.

39. Verbus FAQ
DRAINAGE
1. Services Design: Provision of service risers as shown, to meet needs of M&E
and Building Regulations
Apertures in floor and roof of Verbus units are provided to give vertical access through the building for services. Sizes
of these apertures vary dependant on services required and height of building. Risers are generally sized by M&E
consultant.

40. Verbus FAQ
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL
1. Are power and data services run within the wall cavity?
Yes. Where certain specialist cabling cannot be supplied (i.e. data or fire) then containment is provided within wall
construction with draw wires.
2. What electrics would be included and how would they interface with
distribution mains – plug and play or traditional connections?
Units will have first fix electrics with regard cabling and containment. Where cabling cannot be supplied (i.e. fire)
conduit will be provided with draw wires.
3. How is electrical / mechanical certification achieved?
M&E services are tested and certification provided at the point of manufacture, under the supervision of an
independent representative.

41. Verbus FAQ
INTERNAL FF&E
1. For surface mounted items, such as shelves, are additional studs added to
the wall construction or is the plywood sufficient?
Typically the standard 10mm plywood behind the plasterboard provides sufficient grounds to fix into. Should a more
substantial substrate be required this plywood can be increased.
2. Will Verbus fit out internally to a specification to meet the Employer's
Requirements or a pre-determined specification used previously that may not
align with Employer's specification?
Each project is treated on its own merit, however Verbus. units will be fitted out to the employer's requirements as detailed in
the terms of contract unless otherwise agreed.
3. Which components would be sourced from UK?
Those which cannot be sourced in China. Typically these are reasonably few but can include specific data cabling or
fire detection systems.
4. Which components would be sourced from Europe?
Only those which cannot be sourced in China or UK.
5. Which components would be sourced from China?
The majority of the components will be sourced in China as quite often the specified components are made in China. These
can include sanitary ware, doors and door furniture, beds, light fittings etc.
6. Would bathrooms be 'podded'? Would connections be to UK standard?
Verbus have provided both bathroom pods and built-in bathrooms. It has proved more productive to construct the
bathrooms in the units in the factory rather than use pods. All connections will be to UK standard.

42. Verbus FAQ
INTERNAL FF&E
7. What happens any of the goods supplied are defective?
Verbus ensures that replacement products are available in the country of the site and will arrange for replacement to be
made where appropriate

43. Verbus FAQ
RESISTANCE TO CONTAMINANTS & MOISTURE
1. How are DPCs dealt with where they are required at opening positions?
As with traditional construction a Thermabate or similar would be incorporated into the external wall construction around the
openings.

44. Verbus FAQ
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1. Does the standard Verbus wall insulation contain Urea-formaldehyde foam of
any other substance which could be hazardous to health? If so, how is this
managed?
No. The insulation in the Verbus wall is an approved Rockwool product.

45. Verbus FAQ
STAIRS LIFTS & PROTECTION FROM FALLING
1. Do Verbus have a solution for a staircase within a Unit?
A staircase solution, although not offered yet, is in design stage.
2. Design of interface connection of modules with stair/lift shaft cores etc.
Verbus provides loads and recommended connection details between the units and stair/lift cores

46. Verbus FAQ
CERTIFICATION & DESIGN LIFE
1. Longevity
60 year design life.
2. Do the Verbus units carry any recognised certification? (Eg BBA; BRE;
Warrington Fire; ETA; BS or ISO compliance.)
Designed to meet UK standards, BS codes etc.