This document provides an overview of cloud computing. It defines cloud computing, discusses the goals and benefits of cloud operating systems, and describes their typical architecture which includes cloud platforms, infrastructure, and storage. It also outlines the main types of cloud services (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS), types of clouds (public, private, hybrid), available cloud operating systems, advantages, and thoughts on cloud computing's future including its potential to simplify application development for scalable cloud environments.

1. CLOUD COMPUTING
CLOUD COMPUTING
Presented by
D.Datta Sai Babu
dattudharanikota@gmail.com
4th I.T
Tenali Engineering College
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2. CLOUD COMPUTING
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Introduction
What is Cloud Computing?
Overview
Goals of Cloud Operating System
Benefits of Cloud Operating System
Architecture of Cloud Operating System
Services offered by Cloud Computing
Different Types of Clouds
Available Cloud Operating Systems in Real World
Advantages of Cloud Computing
Future thoughts of Cloud Computing
Conclusion
References
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3. CLOUD COMPUTING
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing is offering utility oriented IT services to users world wide. It
enables hosting of applications from consumer, scientific and business domains. The idea
behind Cloud Computing is that the whole system lives in the Web browser. The client must
have only a web browser to work with Cloud Operating Systems and all its applications,
including Office and PIM ones. This applies to for both modern and obsolete PC's An Open
Source Platforms designed to hold a wide variety of Web Applications. Cloud Operating
Systems was thought of as a new definition of an Operating System, where everything inside it
can be accessed from everywhere inside a Network. All you need to do is login into your
Cloud Operating System server with a normal Internet Browser, and you have access to your
personal desktop, with your applications, documents, music, movies and all etc.. just like you
left it. Cloud Operating Systems lets you upload your files and work with them no matter
where you are. It contains applications like Word Processor, Address Book, PDF reader, and
many more developed by the Cloud developers and Cloud vendors.
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4. CLOUD COMPUTING
INTRODUCTION
The Greek myths tell of creatures plucked from the surface of the Earth and
enshrined as constellations in the night sky. Something similar is happening today in the
world of computing. Data and programs are being swept up from desktop PCs and
corporate server rooms and installed in “the compute cloud”. In general, there is a shift in
the geography of computation. Cloud Computing,” to put it simply, means “Internet
Computing.” The Internet is commonly visualized as clouds; hence the term “cloud
computing” for computation done through the Internet. With Cloud Computing users can
access database resources via the Internet from anywhere, for as long as they need,
without worrying about any maintenance or management of actual resources. Besides,
databases in cloud are very dynamic and scalable. Cloud computing is unlike grid
computing, utility computing, or autonomic computing. In fact, it is a very independent
platform in terms of computing. The best example of cloud computing is Google Apps
where any application can be accessed using a browser and it can be deployed on
thousands of computer through the Internet.
What is Cloud Computing?
What is cloud computing exactly? As a beginning here is a definition
“An emerging computer paradigm where data and services reside in massively
scalable data centers in the cloud and can be accessed from any connected devices over
the internet”
Like other definitions of topics like these, an understanding of the term cloud
computing requires an understanding of various other terms which are closely related to
this. While there is a lack of precise scientific definitions for many of these terms, general
definitions can be given. Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm in the computer
industry where the computing is moved to a cloud of computers. It has become one of the
buzz words of the industry. The core concept of cloud computing is, quite simply, that
the vast computing resources that we need will reside somewhere out there in the cloud
of computers and we’ll connect to them and use them as and when needed.
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5. CLOUD COMPUTING
OVERVIEW
Cloud Computing defines
• Software that manages large collections of infrastructure as a seamless flexible
and dynamic Operating environment.
• An environment created in a user’s machine from an on-line application stored
on the cloud and run through a web browser.
• An Internet based computing environment where you pay only for resources
that you use.
Cloud computing provides the facility to access shared resources and common
infrastructure, offering services on demand over the network to perform operations that
meet changing business needs. The location of physical resources and devices being
accessed are typically not known to the end user. It also provides facilities for users to
develop, deploy and manage their applications ‘on the cloud’, which entails
virtualization of resources that maintains and manages itself.
Combining a browser with a basic operating system also allows the use of cloud
computing, in which applications and data "live and run" on the Internet instead of the
hard drive. Cloud can be installed and used together with other Operating Systems, or
act as a standalone operating system. When used as a standalone operating system,
hardware requirements are relatively low. We are all familiar with an Operating System
(OS) since we use one every day. Be it is Microsoft Windows or Apple MAC OS or
even Linux, they are the indispensable software that make our PC run. An operating
system manages the machine resources, abstracts away the underlying hardware
complexity and exposes useful interfaces to upper layer applications. A traditional OS
manages resources within the machine boundary (such as the CPU, memory, hard disk,
and network), but it has no visibility beyond the box.
Because of its simplicity a cloud OS can boot in just a few seconds. This is also
referred to as platform as a service (PaaS) and Software as a service (SaaS). When used
as a standalone operating system, hardware requirements can be very low. This amazing
technology allows a user to access their own virtual desktop from anywhere around the
world, without even using having network access to a remote PC. In addition, you are
essentially using the Internet to work as a desktop.
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6. CLOUD COMPUTING
Some generic examples of Cloud Computing include:
• Amazon’s Elastic Computing Cloud (EC2) offering computational services that
enable people to use CPU cycles without buying more computers
• Storage services such as those provided by Amazon’s Simple Storage Service (S3)
• Companies like Nirvanix allowing organizations to store data and documents without
adding a single on-site server
• SaaS companies like Salesforce.com delivering CRM services, so clients can manage
customer information without installing specialized software
The Goals of Cloud Computing
• Being able to work from everywhere, regardless of whether or not you are using
a full-featured, modern computer, a mobile gadget, or a completely obsolete PC.
• Sharing resources easily between different work centers at company, or working
from different places and countries on the same projects.
• Always enjoying the same applications with the same open formats, and
forgetting the usual compatibility problems between office suites and traditional
operating systems.
• Being able to continue working if you have to leave your local computer or if it
just crashes, without losing data or time: Just log in to your Cloud Operating
System from another place and continue working.
Benefits of the Cloud Computing
• Worldwide availability of Cloud Operating Systems:
As it’s available through Internet.
• Requires only browser:
A browser with Java support is more than enough.
• Dynamic content and design:
Interface can be customized according your needs, windows are floating
so that they can be repositioned.
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7. CLOUD COMPUTING
• Extensive list Applications:
Office applications, Multimedia applications, Network applications and
Chat applications etc. all are available.
• Remote storage facility:
Through the file browser you can store files over the internet and edit
them as you want.
• Browser and Platform independent:
All browsers and all operating systems are supported.
• Rich text editing facility
ARCHITECTURE OF CLOUD COMPUTING
The Architecture of Cloud Operating Systems includes Cloud Platform, Cloud
infrastructure, Cloud Storage etc and all. The below shown is the sample diagram for
Architecture of Cloud Computing Operating Systems.
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8. CLOUD COMPUTING
DIFFERENT SERVICES OFFERED BY CLOUD COMPUTING
Cloud computing providers offer their services according to three fundamental
models: Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as
a service (SaaS) where IaaS is the most basic and each higher model abstracts from the
details of the lower models.
Software as a Service (SaaS)-End Users
In this model, cloud providers install and operate application software in the
cloud and cloud users access the software from cloud clients. The cloud users do not
manage the cloud infrastructure and platform on which the application is running. This
eliminates the need to install and run the application on the cloud user's own computers
simplifying maintenance and support. What makes a cloud application different from
other applications is its elasticity. This can be achieved by cloning tasks onto multiple
virtual machines at run-time to meet the changing work demand. Load balancers
distribute the work over the set of virtual machines. This process is transparent to the
cloud user who sees only a single access point. To accommodate a large number of
cloud users, cloud applications can be multitenant, that is, any machine serves more
than one cloud user organization. It is common to refer to special types of cloud based
application software with a similar naming convention: desktop as a service, business
process as a service, Test environment as a service, communication as a service.The
pricing model for SaaS applications is typically a monthly or yearly flat fee per user.
Platform as a Service (Paas)-Application Developers
In the PaaS model, cloud providers deliver a computing
platform and/or solution stack typically including operating system, programming
language execution environment, database, and web server. Application developers can
develop and run their software solutions on a cloud platform without the cost and
complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers. With
some PaaS offers, the underlying compute and storage resources scale automatically to
match application demand such that the cloud user does not have to allocate resources
manually.
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9. CLOUD COMPUTING
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)-Network Architects
In this most basic cloud service model, cloud providers offer computers – as
physical or more often as virtual machines, raw (block) storage, firewalls, load
balancers and networks. IaaS providers supply these resources on demand from their
large pools installed in datacenters. Local Area Networks including IP addresses are
part of the offer. For the wide area connectivity, the Internet can be used or - in carrier
clouds - dedicated Virtual Private Networks(VPN) can be configured.
To deploy their applications, cloud users then install operating system images
on the machines as well as their application software. In this model, it is the cloud user
who is responsible for patching and maintaining the operating systems and application
software. Cloud providers typically bill IaaS services on a utility computing basis, that
is, cost will reflect the amount of resources allocated and consumed.
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10. CLOUD COMPUTING
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLOUDS
Public cloud
Public cloud or external cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional
mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned on a fine-grained,
self-service basis over the Internet, via web applications/web services, from an off-site
third-party provider who shares resources and bills on a fine-grained utility computing
basis.
Private cloud
Private cloud and internal cloud are neologisms that some vendors have recently
used to describe offerings that emulate cloud computing on private networks. These
products claim to "deliver some benefits of cloud computing without the pitfalls",
capitalizing on data security, corporate governance, and reliability concerns.
Analysts also claim that within five years a "huge percentage" of small and
medium enterprises will get most of their computing resources from external cloud
computing providers as they "will not have economies of scale to make it worth staying
in the IT business" or be able to afford private clouds.
Hybrid cloud
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11. CLOUD COMPUTING
A hybrid cloud environment consisting of multiple internal and/or external
providers "will be typical for most enterprises".
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLOUD OPERATING SYSTEMS
The following are the various Cloud Operating Systems available in the Real-
Time world provided by the Cloud Vendors.
1. Glide
Glide OS 4.0 is a comprehensive Ad-Free cloud computing solution. Glide is a
free suite of rights-based productivity and collaboration applications with 30GBs of
storage. Users who want extra storage or would like to add extra users can upgrade to
Glide Premium now with 250 GBs for $50.00 a year or 20 cents per GB per year. With
a Glide Premium account you can set up and administer up to 25 users. The Glide OS
provides automatic file and application compatibility across devices and operating
systems. With Glide OS you also get the Glide Sync App which helps you to
synchronize your home and work files.
2. Amoeba
Amoeba Cloud OS is an advanced Online Cloud Operating System. Log in to
your free account and join a cloud computing revolution that begins with great apps
like Shutterborg, Exstream and Surf.
3. My Goya
MyGoya is a free online operating system. Your own personal desktop can be
accessed from any Internet PC in the world and includes e-mail, chat, file sharing,
calendar and an instant messenger. Manage your contacts from anywhere in the world.
4. Ghost
Ghost Cloud Computing is a leading company in the cloud computing industry
specializing in cloud computing for the end user. Ghost offers individuals and
businesses file storage and apps in the cloud to enable secure personal computing from
any device. Ghost is distributed directly from its web site and through channels. Ghost
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12. CLOUD COMPUTING
web interface is very simple and easy to use, it make it quick and easy to manage your
files and folders. We can upload data of any type to your cloud storage from any
device. We can view and edit any of your files in any browser. We can instantly share
files and documents with any friend by sending them a link. Wherever you are, you can
edit documents and pictures directly online within Ghost portal. It also offers full
mobile support, you can browse your file and folders from your cellular device or we
can mount as a Windows drive; just like a USB flash drive. We can move files between
local hard disk and your Cloud File.
5. Joli
“Joli OS is a free and easy way to turn any computer up to 10 years old into a
cool new cloud device. Get on the Web and instantly connect to all your Web apps,
files and services using the computer you already own. You may never need to buy a
new computer again. It’s easy. Just download Joli Operating System. It installs in just
10 minutes.”
6. Eye OS
Eye OS is one of the most used Web Operating System which is released under
the AGPLv3 license and only needs Apache + PHP5 + MySQL to run. With eyeOS you
can build your private Cloud Desktop. Using eyeOS Web Runner we can open your
eyeOS files from your browser with your local apps and save them automatically on
our cloud. In eyeOS 2.0 we can work collaboratively with other users simultaneously in
the same document, it is the Safe Cloud Computing system because we can host it in
your own company or organization. We will get privacy and cloud computing at its
best.
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13. CLOUD COMPUTING
ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
Even though a cloud OS is complex to implement, out of necessity, cloud
providers have already spent a large amount of engineering efforts on building a highly
scalable cloud OS that can manage a large infrastructure shared by many people. If we
leverage the existing cloud OS, we can potentially lower the application complexity,
yet achieve high scalability. By using the Cloud Computing we can reduce the E-waste,
which is entering into the world very huge. Some IT professionals also promoting this
Cloud Computing mainly because of this advantage. As it reduces the resources which
we are using daily. Cloud Computing is also referred to as Green IT Cloud Computing,
and Cloud Computing is Ec0-Frienmdly.This can be done by using the Infrastructure as
a Service (IaaS) in Cloud Computing.
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14. CLOUD COMPUTING
FUTURE THOUGHTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING
The existence of simple yet powerful and expressive abstractions is essential in
realizing the full potential of Cloud Computing. To this purpose we introduced the
Cloud operating system, Cloud OS. Cloud OS aims to provide an expressive set of
resource management options and metrics to applications to facilitate programming in
the Cloud, while at the same time exposing a coherent and unified programming
interface to the underlying distributed hardware. This unified interface will provide
developers with a quick and transparent access to a massively scalable computing and
networking environment, allowing the implementation of robust, elastic, and efficient
distributed applications. Our next steps beyond laying out the architecture of CloudOS
include, first, a detailed definition of functional elements and interfaces of the kernel-
space Cloud processes and of the user-space libraries, and second, the design and
implementation of the aforementioned elements with emphasis on fault-tolerance,
security, and elasticity.
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15. CLOUD COMPUTING
CONCLUSION
Cloud Computing is a vast topic. What is in store for this technology in the near future?
Well, Cloud Computing is leading the industry’s endeavor to bank on this revolutionary
technology.
Cloud Computing Brings Possibilities……..
• Increases business responsiveness
• Accelerates creation of new services via rapid prototyping capabilities
• Reduces acquisition complexity via service oriented approach
• Uses IT resources efficiently via sharing and higher system utilization
• Reduces energy consumption
• Handles new and emerging workloads
• Scales to extreme workloads quickly and easily
• Simplifies IT management
• Platform for collaboration and innovation
• Cultivates skills for next generation workforce
Today, with such cloud-based interconnection seldom in evidence, cloud
computing might be more accurately described as "sky computing," with many isolated
clouds of services which IT customers must plug into individually. On the other hand,
as virtualization and SOA permeate the enterprise, the idea of loosely coupled services
running on an agile, scalable infrastructure should eventually make every enterprise a
node in the cloud. It's a long-running trend with a far-out horizon. But among big
metatrends, cloud computing is the hardest one to argue with in the long term.
Cloud Computing is a technology which took the software and business world by
storm. The much deserved hype over it will continue for years to come.
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16. CLOUD COMPUTING
REFERENCES
[1]. www.wikipedia.com
[3]. www.wiki.cloudcommunity.org/wiki/CloudComputing:Bill_of_Rights
[5]. www.amazon.com
[6]. www.thinkgos.com/cloud/index.html
[7]. www.salesforce.com
[8]. www.google.com
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