Aalto-1 - Haaga-Helia Happy Hacking Day
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Aalto-1 is a 4 kg, three-cube nanosatellite based on CubeSat standards developed by Aalto University, carrying three different payloads, and with a planned mission lifetime of more than two years. The satellite is designed for a sun synchronous orbit. The main payload of the satellite is a Earth Observation instrument, a novel tiny Fabry-Perot imaging spectrometer, developed by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland. The main scientific goal of the mission is to demonstrate the feasibility of Fabry-Perot spectrometers for spaceborne Earth Observation applications. A miniature radiation detector RADMON, developed by the University of Helsinki and University of Turku, will be a secondary payload, and has the goal to demonstrate its technology in space as well as to map the LEO radiation environment. In addition, the satellite will carry an electrostatic plasma brake developed by Finnish Meteorological Institute, with which in a separate part of the science phase, the force caused by LEO plasma on the brake will be measured, and eventually the satellite will be slowed down enough to re-enter the atmosphere instead of remaining as space debris
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Aalto-1 - Haaga-Helia Happy Hacking Day
- 2. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1 The Finnish Student Satellite Talk: David Fernández, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto University Animations: Pekka Laurila, Aalto University The satellite: Aalto-1 team and partners
- 5. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Satellite classification Source: BARHNHART, D.J. Very Small Satellite Design for Space Sensor Networks. 2008.
- 6. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Student satellites ● CanSat ● CubeSat ● Other designs ● Constatly growing topic ● Open source, open standards, community supported ● Spinoff companies ● Cheap launches ● Nanosatellites < 10 kg ● OTS mobile electronics to small satellites ● Satellite industry driving towards smaller size AAUSAT-II ESTCube-1
- 7. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Space Technology in Finland
- 8. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite ESA missions where Finland has participated Soho (1995) Cassini-Huygens(1997) XMM-Newton (1999) Proba (2001) Cluster-II (2002) Envisat-1 (2002) Integral (2002) MSG (2002) Mars Express (2003) Smart-1 (2003) Rosetta (2004) Venus Express (2005) Galileo (2005 & 2008) Goce (2009) Planck (2009) Herschel (2009) SMOS(2009) Cryosat 2 (2009) ADM-Aeolus SWARM BepiColombo
- 9. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite
- 10. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Dream about Finnish spacecraft • 1993 HUTSAT • 1993 FIMSAT • 1993 FS-1
- 11. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite None of them was actually built… Finnish spacecraft designs
- 12. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite 2010 7 Aalto University students made Special Assignment Work on Space Technology under topic ”Feasibility study for a nanosatellite” and proposed a realistic plan for first Finnish nanosatellite mission
- 13. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Starting with wild ideas ● Nanosatellite with adjoint picosatellites ● Biological material in the satellite ● Synthetic aperture radiometer as satellite swarm ● Mobile phone in space ● Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ● Deep space mission ● Asteroid mission ● Cosmic file server
- 14. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Refinement of the goal ● Realistic preliminary design for first Finnish nanosatellite ● Constrains: – Realistic design – Student work (thesis + special assignments) – Instruments should be made in Finland – Main payload and mission → department research & teaching topics
- 15. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite
- 16. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Main Concept Requirements ● The satellite has to accommodate hyperspectral camera ● The satellite has to be stabilized ● The best orbit is sun synchronous mid-day orbit ● The satellite has to be affordable ● The satellite has to be usable in education ● The satellite should have high speed data link ● Common standards for cooperation and continuity ● Some subsystems should be available CubeSat standard based nanosatellite design
- 17. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1 MIDE Student project 2010-2014 Mass: 4kg Class: CubeSat Planned launch: 2014 Orbit: 600-800 km polar Mission: technology demonstration
- 19. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Cooperation with R&D and companies
- 21. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Space Mission
- 24. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Science and technology on board
- 25. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Worlds smallest Imaging space Spectrometer Piezo-actuated Fabry-Perot spectral filter Sensor: 5 Mpx CMOS Dimensions: 5x10x10 cm Mass: ~400 g Focal lenght: 61 mm Spectral range: visible Spectral resolution: 7-10 nm Field of view: 10 deg Ground resolution: 250 m 3 channel simultaneous measurement
- 28. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Current model for UAVI Major specifications of the spectral camera Spectral range: 500 – 900 nm Spectral Resolution: 9..45 nm @ FWHM Focal length: 9.3 mm F-number: 6.8 Image size: 5.7 mm x 4.3 mm, 5 Mpix Minimum total exposure time: 30 ms Field of View: 32° (across the flight direction) Ground pixel size: 3.5 cm @ 150 m height Weight: 350 g (without battery) Size: 62 mm x 61 mm/76mm x 120 mm Power consumption: 3 W
- 29. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite VTT miniature spectrometers UAV test flights
- 30. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Imaging Spectrometer will use Piezo Fabry-Perot Interferometer and therefore their space qualification is critical. The random and sine sweep vibration tests were carried out on 1.12.2011 with VTT Expert Services Electrodynamic shaker LDS V875 – Max force: 40 kN (sine and random) – Max acceleration:1000 m/s2 – Max amplitude:50 mm Vibration tests for PFPI
- 31. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite RADMON Radiation detector Dimensions: 10x10x4 cm Mass: 500 g Si detector and CsI(Tl) scintillator Electrons > 60 keV (5 energy channels) Protons > 1 MeV (7 energy channels) Counting rate up to 1 MHz
- 32. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Plasma Brake deorbiting device Dimensions: 10x10x2,5 cm Mass: 300 g Tether: 10-100 m Tether material: Aluminium Tether dimeter: 50 μm Negative and positive tether charge Cold cathode electron guns Voltage source for negative mode
- 34. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite E-sail, traveling in interplanetary space without fuel
- 35. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Image © European Space Agency
- 36. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite 100 m Aluminium Micrometeoroid Restistant Ultrasonicly Bonded Tether
- 37. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Orbit
- 38. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Orbit
- 39. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite System Design
- 40. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite On Board Data Handling Hardware
- 41. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite
- 42. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Software ● OS: GNU/Linux ● Client-server architecture for payloads ● ASM / C / C++ (μlibc) ● Really tiny and tested ● Designed to run in user space ● Dispensable ● Extensible from Earth (re-programming)
- 43. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Software
- 44. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Software
- 45. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Kernel & OS ● Highly customized: focused in I2C and process scheduling ● Real-time patches ( http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/rt/) ● OpenEmbedded as basement for the distro ● Deterministic system ● Autonomous: non human-interaction needed ● Inter-process communication: D-Bus
- 47. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Ground station
- 48. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Ground station
- 49. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Ground station
- 50. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Ground station ● MC Computer: ● Ubuntu ● GNOME Predict ● Hamlib ● MC Software ● Java or Qt (C++) ● Server: ● Debian / CentOS ● MySQL ● Apache / Tomcat
- 51. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Telecommunications VHF downlink / UHF uplink S-band downlink Link duration per day – simulation for selected orbit Min. Duration 65.313 sec Max. Duration 637.889 sec Avg. Duration 475.298 sec Total Duration 14258.926 sec
- 53. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1 Project Timeline Phase 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 A - Feasibility study B - Preliminary design definition CD – Detailed design E –Integration & Qualification Launch campaign Spectrometer experiments RADMON experiments Deorbiting experiment
- 61. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Satellite built by students
- 64. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Project based teaching Learning engineering documentation Project management Project working System design Interaction with R&D and companies Innovation skills Public Relations
- 65. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite LUMA for high schools
- 67. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite First Aalto-1 exchange students in TUDelft
- 68. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Conferences and Workshops
- 69. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Remote Sensing Days 2011
- 74. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Spinoffs and Startups
- 76. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite We are not stopping here… Aalto-2
- 78. Aalto-1The Finnish Student Satellite Aalto-1 team in spring 2011 http://aalto-1.tkk.fi Thank you!