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11/17             A/B Day
LEQ: How can neutrons and electrons
affect the characteristics of an atom?
1. What is the difference between a convergent and
divergent boundary?
2. What is the name of the process that causes
tectonic plates to move and shift?
3. What is the law of superposition?
4. What is a proton?
5. What is an atom?
Track your progress: Unit 2 Quiz A
-1 = 96     -9 = 64     -17 = 32
-2 = 92     -10 = 60    -18 = 28
-3 = 88     -11 = 56    -19 = 24
-4 = 84     -12 = 52    -20 = 20
-5 = 80     -13 = 48    -21 = 16
-6 = 76     -14 = 44    -22 = 12
-7 = 72     -15 = 40    -23 = 8
-8 = 68     -16 = 36    -24 = 4
LET’S REVIEW…
                           Atomic Number
                            (# of protons
                   7            in the
Element                        nucleus)
 Symbol             N
                Nitrogen

                 14.01
How do we find the number of neutrons?
Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and
electrons affect the characteristics of an
                  atom?
By the end of today, you should be able to…

1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic
  mass

2. Model ions when given specific charge

3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom
Make a hypothesis: Closest answer gets an
           emergency pass!
When we change the number of protons in an atom,
it becomes a different element.

When we change the number of neutrons in an atom,
I think_________________________.

When we change the number of electrons in an atom,
I think_________________________________.
Focus Vocabulary:

66. Isotope
67. Ion
ISOTOPE
ISOTOPE
Atom with a different number of
           neutrons
BrainPop: Isotopes
Copy this in your notes…



    C-12
ELEMENT              ATOMIC
SYMBOL               MASS
Elements of the
 same TYPE can
have DIFFERENT
ATOMIC MASSES
Carbon: What is the atomic mass?

  12
Carbon: What is the atomic mass?

  14
Normal Carbon           Carbon ISOTOPE

            They have a different
            number of neutrons!




                               6 protons
   6 protons
                               8 neutrons
   6 neutrons
                               (Atomic Mass = 14)
   (Atomic Mass = 12)
C-12                   C-14 (isotope)
Protons: 6              Protons: 6
Neutrons: 6 (12-6=6)    Neutrons: 8 (14-6=8)
ISOTOPE
  Atom with a different number of
             neutrons

C-12 = normal carbon atom (6 neutrons)

C-14 = carbon ISOTOPE (8 neutrons)
Let’s model some isotopes!
Neutrons    Protons




 We are ONLY MODELING THE
      NUCLEUS NOW!!!
He-4
                   2




Nucleus
                 He
                 Helium


                 4.00260
He-5 (isotope!)
                 2




Nucleus
               He
               Helium


               4.00260
Be-9
             4



           Be
Nucleus   Beryllium


          9.01218
Be-10 (isotope!)
                   4



                  Be
Nucleus         Beryllium


                 9.01218
Be-11 (isotope!)
                   4



                  Be
Nucleus         Beryllium


                 9.01218
O-16
             8



            O
Nucleus    Oxygen


           15.9994
Model: 0-14 Isotope
Model: Ne-22 Isotope
Model: Ne-23
Model: Na-22 Isotope
Draw and label in your notebook….
(nucleus only, but LEAVE ROOM FOR ELECTRON
ENERGY LEVELS! WE WILL ADD THESE LATER!)
1.   Li-7
                           REMEMBER:
2.   Li-5 (isotope)
3.   N-14
4.   N-15 (isotope)
5.   F- 16 (isotope)
6.   Ne-20
7.   Ne-21 (isotope)
8.   H-2 (isotope)
HOT Q:
How is an isotope different
from just a regular atom? What
about the atom CHANGES?


 Hint:
THE MASS!!!
 Isotope with
less neutrons
                            (or weight!)
                Regular
                 Atom




                          Regular
                           Atom      Isotope with
                                    more neutrons
Isotopes and Absolute Dating: Reading
1.What is one way that scientists use isotopes?

2.What substance is found in all living things?

3.Do you think that carbon dating is a good way to
  predict the age of something? (Is there anything
  you think might make this process inaccurate?)

4.How do isotopes relate to our last unit of geologic
  evolution and earth history?
Summarizer: PART ONE
Take a look at your hypothesis from the beginning of
class. It should look like this,
When we change the number of neutrons in an atom, I think _______.

1. Was your hypothesis correct? (Totally? Partially? Not at all?)
2. What ACTUALLY happens when we add or subtract the
   number of neutrons in an atom? How do the
   characteristics of the atom change? (YOU MUST USE THE
   WORD ISOTOPE IN YOUR ANSWER!)
Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and
electrons affect the characteristics of an
                  atom?
  By the end of today, you should be able to…

  1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic
    mass

  2. Model ions when given specific charge

  3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom
ION
ION
Atom with a different number of
electrons; has a + or — CHARGE
BrainPop-Ions
ION
  Atom with a different number of
             electrons

N +1 = nitrogen that LOST one valence
electron
N -2 = nitrogen that GAINED two valence
electrons

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11/16/11

  • 1. 11/17 A/B Day LEQ: How can neutrons and electrons affect the characteristics of an atom? 1. What is the difference between a convergent and divergent boundary? 2. What is the name of the process that causes tectonic plates to move and shift? 3. What is the law of superposition? 4. What is a proton? 5. What is an atom?
  • 2. Track your progress: Unit 2 Quiz A -1 = 96 -9 = 64 -17 = 32 -2 = 92 -10 = 60 -18 = 28 -3 = 88 -11 = 56 -19 = 24 -4 = 84 -12 = 52 -20 = 20 -5 = 80 -13 = 48 -21 = 16 -6 = 76 -14 = 44 -22 = 12 -7 = 72 -15 = 40 -23 = 8 -8 = 68 -16 = 36 -24 = 4
  • 3. LET’S REVIEW… Atomic Number (# of protons 7 in the Element nucleus) Symbol N Nitrogen 14.01
  • 4. How do we find the number of neutrons?
  • 5. Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and electrons affect the characteristics of an atom? By the end of today, you should be able to… 1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic mass 2. Model ions when given specific charge 3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom
  • 6. Make a hypothesis: Closest answer gets an emergency pass! When we change the number of protons in an atom, it becomes a different element. When we change the number of neutrons in an atom, I think_________________________. When we change the number of electrons in an atom, I think_________________________________.
  • 9. ISOTOPE Atom with a different number of neutrons
  • 10.
  • 12. Copy this in your notes… C-12 ELEMENT ATOMIC SYMBOL MASS
  • 13. Elements of the same TYPE can have DIFFERENT ATOMIC MASSES
  • 14. Carbon: What is the atomic mass? 12
  • 15. Carbon: What is the atomic mass? 14
  • 16. Normal Carbon Carbon ISOTOPE They have a different number of neutrons! 6 protons 6 protons 8 neutrons 6 neutrons (Atomic Mass = 14) (Atomic Mass = 12)
  • 17. C-12 C-14 (isotope) Protons: 6 Protons: 6 Neutrons: 6 (12-6=6) Neutrons: 8 (14-6=8)
  • 18. ISOTOPE Atom with a different number of neutrons C-12 = normal carbon atom (6 neutrons) C-14 = carbon ISOTOPE (8 neutrons)
  • 19. Let’s model some isotopes! Neutrons Protons We are ONLY MODELING THE NUCLEUS NOW!!!
  • 20. He-4 2 Nucleus He Helium 4.00260
  • 21. He-5 (isotope!) 2 Nucleus He Helium 4.00260
  • 22. Be-9 4 Be Nucleus Beryllium 9.01218
  • 23. Be-10 (isotope!) 4 Be Nucleus Beryllium 9.01218
  • 24. Be-11 (isotope!) 4 Be Nucleus Beryllium 9.01218
  • 25. O-16 8 O Nucleus Oxygen 15.9994
  • 30. Draw and label in your notebook…. (nucleus only, but LEAVE ROOM FOR ELECTRON ENERGY LEVELS! WE WILL ADD THESE LATER!) 1. Li-7 REMEMBER: 2. Li-5 (isotope) 3. N-14 4. N-15 (isotope) 5. F- 16 (isotope) 6. Ne-20 7. Ne-21 (isotope) 8. H-2 (isotope)
  • 31. HOT Q: How is an isotope different from just a regular atom? What about the atom CHANGES? Hint:
  • 32. THE MASS!!! Isotope with less neutrons (or weight!) Regular Atom Regular Atom Isotope with more neutrons
  • 33. Isotopes and Absolute Dating: Reading 1.What is one way that scientists use isotopes? 2.What substance is found in all living things? 3.Do you think that carbon dating is a good way to predict the age of something? (Is there anything you think might make this process inaccurate?) 4.How do isotopes relate to our last unit of geologic evolution and earth history?
  • 34. Summarizer: PART ONE Take a look at your hypothesis from the beginning of class. It should look like this, When we change the number of neutrons in an atom, I think _______. 1. Was your hypothesis correct? (Totally? Partially? Not at all?) 2. What ACTUALLY happens when we add or subtract the number of neutrons in an atom? How do the characteristics of the atom change? (YOU MUST USE THE WORD ISOTOPE IN YOUR ANSWER!)
  • 35. Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and electrons affect the characteristics of an atom? By the end of today, you should be able to… 1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic mass 2. Model ions when given specific charge 3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom
  • 36. ION
  • 37. ION Atom with a different number of electrons; has a + or — CHARGE
  • 39. ION Atom with a different number of electrons N +1 = nitrogen that LOST one valence electron N -2 = nitrogen that GAINED two valence electrons