Setia International Centre Building Science Report

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SETIA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE
Location : Lot 215, Pantai Baru, JalanBangsar,,59200 KualaLumpur
Year : 2012
Architect : GDP Architects
Developer : S P SetiaBerhad
Projecttype : Salesgallery,Offices
PURPOSE OF BUILDING
SIC offersinvestorsand potentialbuyersthe opportunitytoview the group'slocal andinternational
investment-gradeproductsunderone roof.AtSIC,investorscan compare andcontrast multiple
investmentopportunitiesavailabletothembasedontheirspecificpropertyneedsor investment
criteria. The showcaseddevelopmentsatthe salesgalleryinclude KLEco City,locatedrightbeside
SIC,whichexpectedcompletionisinthe year2016. Hence,SIC housesthe site office forthe project
as well.
CERTIFICATION
GreenBuildingIndex (GBI) Goldprovisional certification
GREEN DESIGNFEATURES
Day-lighting
Day-lightingcanbe seenprimarilyinthe mainsalesgallery andreceptionarea,where large skylights
are placedtomaximise the natural lightcomingintothe building.Thisminimisesthe usage of
electricityin the switchingon of lightswhenitisbrightoutside (Figure1& 2). Clearglasspanelsare
alsousedat the front sectionof the building,allowing amplesunlightintothe building
(Figure 3,4, 5).

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Figure 1: Skylightsin the main salesgallery.
[Takenby:Lee Jia Xin]
Figure 2: Main salesgallerywith skylight.
[Source:http://khimmy.smugmug.com/Architecture/KL-EcoCity-SIC/i-PwG8Mnm]

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Figure 3: Glasspanel roof.
Figure 4: Glasswalls at front façade.
[Takenby:Charlene Chan]

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Figure 5: Glasswalls at side of the building.

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Solar panels
Solarpanelsare beinginstalledonthe roof of the building.These panelscapture sunlightandsolar
energy.These energyare thenconvertedintoelectrical energy,generatingefficientelectricityto
lightupparts of the building.
Figure 6: Solar Panelson the rooftop
Rainwater harvesting and recycling
The International Centre alsohasrainwaterharvestingfeatures.Pipingare installedtocollectthe
rainwaterfromthe roof.These waterare thenbeingrecycledforotherusage suchasto fill upthe
waterin the pool.
Efficientair-conditioningsystem
The air-conditioningin the buildingisdesignedforoccupancycomfortandlow energyconsumption.
The efficientsystemsavesmuchenergyandalsoasum forthe expensesof the building.
Sun-shading
Several sun-shadingdevicesare used inthe building,suchaslouvers,egg-crate sun-shadingdevice
and outdoorwalkwaycanopy.
Louversare placedoverthe skylightstopreventexcessive sunlightfromshiningintothe offices
(Figure 6).Thisis topreventsunglare.Anothertype of louveristhe manuallyadjustable onesfitted
underthe skylightssothatthe amount of sunlightshiningincanbe controlledaccordingly(Figure7
& 8).

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Figure 6: Louvers overskylights.
Figure 7 & 8: Manually adjustable louversfittedunder the skylight.
Walkwaycanopiesonthe side of the buildingshadesuserswalkingfromthe car park to the sales
galleryandoffice (Figure 9).Egg-crate sun-shadingdevicesare alsoplacedoutside windowsto
minimise the directpenetrationof sunlightintothe building(Figure 10).
Referpassive designelementsforfurtherelaboration.

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Figure 9: Walkway canopy for shade.
Figure 10: Egg-crate sun-shadingdevicesat windows.

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LOCATION MAP/SITE PLAN
SetiaInternational Centre (SIC) islocatedalongJalanBangsaradjacenttothe AbdullahHukumLRT
Stationwithinthe premisesof the KLEco City projectbyMalaysia'sleadingpropertydeveloper,SP
Setia.

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Climate Data
Chart 1
Chart 1 showsthe climate summaryof KualaLumpur,Malaysiaduringthe year2011. The temperature
inKualaLumpur isquite constantas it doesnothave a rapid change intemperature.The maximum
temperature recordedis34 degree Celsiusandthe minimumtemperature is22 degree Celsius.
However,the average temperature inKualaLumpurisaround28 degree Celsius.Temperature is
usuallyloweratthe endof the yearand higherduringApril andMay.

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Relative Humidity
Chart 2
The chart statesaverage relative humidityof KualaLumpurduringthe year2011. Accordingto the
statistic,the highesthumidityrecordedis85% of the average relative humidity,anditonlytakesplace
at the South-EastandSouth-Westdirections.Onthe otherhand,the lowesthumidityrecordedis15%
of the average relative humidityforall directionsexceptforNorth-Eastdirection.The mostfrequent
average relative humidityof KualaLumpuris55%.

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Wind Studies
Chart 3
The chart above showsthe windfrequencyof KualaLumpur,Malaysiafromthe 1st
of Januaryto the
31st
of December2011. Accordingto the chart, the highestwindfrequencyhappensinall directions
whichare lessthan22 hours;the lowestwindfrequencyhappensatthe Northdirectionwhichis
more than 228 hours.Itcan be concludedthatthe windfrequencyisthe highestatthe east
directionandlowestatthe North-WestandSouth-Westdirection.Therefore,the architectof Setia
International Centredesignedthe entrance of the buildingfacingeastin ordertohave maximumair
ventilation.

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SUN PATH ANALYSIS
SUNPATH 2ND APRIL 0900
Figure 11
Figure 11 shows the sun path on 2nd of April 0900.Duringthat time, the North-West sideof the buildingis
completely shaded.

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Figure 12
Figure 12 shows the sun path on 2nd of April 1200.Duringthat time, the North-East sideof the buildingis still
completely shaded but less shadowwas casted on the ground.

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Figure 13
Figure 13 shows the sun path on 2nd of April 1600.Duringthat time, the surfaceof the buildingfacingNorth-
West is shaded whileother parts areexposed to the sunlight.

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SUNPATH 21st JUNE 0900
Figure 14
Figure 14 shows the sun path on 21stof June 0900.During that time, the buildingsurfaces facingnorth-east
are completely shaded.

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Figure 15
are completely shaded but there is no shadowcasted on the ground.

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Figure 16
and south-east are completely shaded.

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According to the diagrams, every side of the building will be completely exposed to the
sunlight at a certain period of time. In order to control the amount of sunlight from
penetrating into the interior space, the architect places vine plants at the front façade to
block some of the sunlight from penetrating into the building. While other parts of the
building he uses egg crate shading devices to control the amount of sunlight.

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Egg crate shading device
2ND APRIL 0900
During 2nd of April 0900, the egg crate shading device helps to block 85% of the sunlight
from penetrating into the interior space.
2ND APRIL 1200
During 2nd of April 1200, the egg crate shading device helps to block 90% of the sunlight

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21st JUNE 0900
During 21st of April 0900, the egg crate shading device helps to block 99% of the sunlight
21st JUNE 1200
During 21st of April 1200, the egg crate shading device helps to block 96% of the sunlight

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2 Main PassiveDesign Features
a) Sun Shading
SetiaInternational Centre faceseast,andhasa longerfrontand rearfaçade,comparedto the side
facadesof the building. Thuslongerhoursof sunlight are transmittedintothe rearfaçade of the
building,ascomparedtothe otherfacades.The spacesthat are exposedtothe longhoursof
daylighteverydayare the office andrestrooms.These spacesdonotrequire alarge amountof
sunlightthroughoutthe day,therefore the rearfaçade of the buildinghasinstalledmanysun
shadingdevices,blockingalarge amountof sunlightfromthe spacesinthe building.However,
exteriorshadingsare greatlypreferredoverinteriorshadingsasitisimportanttokeepthe solar
radiationorheat fromenteringthe building.
- Egg-crate shading device
The egg-crate solarshadingdevice isacombinationof vertical andhorizontal shadingelements.
Theyare more commonlyusedinhotclimate regions like Malaysia, because of theirhighshading
efficiencies. The horizontal elementscontrol groundglare fromreflectedsolarrays,while the
vertical elementscontrol directpenetrationof sunlightintothe spacesthroughoutthe day.
Figure 17
Figure 17 shows eggcrate sun-shadingdevices beinginstalled onto the walls of the rear façade of the building.
Sunlightare immediately shaded from the building,and only a limited amount of daylighthas entered the
building.

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Sketch 1
Sketch 1 shows how the sunlightray is blocked from the spaces insideby the eggcrate device. The eggcrate
sun-shadingdeviceis also arranged in a way where the view of the surroundingis notrestricted from the
spaces inside,and yet being ableto shadethe spaces.
Figure 18
Figure 18 shows a simplified diagramon how the different arrangements of eggcrate sun-shadingdevicecan
affect its efficiency for blockingthe penetration of daylightinto the buildingthroughoutthe day.

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Sketch 2
Sketch 2 shows how the vegetation has blocked the penetration of the direct sunlightinto the building.The
vegetation also gives a coolingeffect on the opposite sideof the sunlight,leavinga cool atmosphere in the
building.
Sketch 3
Sketch 3 shows another view of how sunlightis blocked by the vegetation, and shadingis given to the bulding.

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Sketch 4
Sketch 4 shows how heat and lightfrom the sun is omitted once it reaches the tint of the window. Thus, the
spaces in the buildingis cooler and dimmer, givinga comfortablerange of environment to the users inside.
Figure 19
Figure 19 shows the different types of eggcrate sun-shadingdevicethatwould vary the level of shadinginto
the building.

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- Walkway Canopy
WalkwayCanopyisdesignedandplacedatthe entrance of the building,andthe pathwaytowards
the buildingfromthe car park.This isto shade the visitorsastheywalkto andfro the buildingduring
the day, whenthe sunisat itshottest.The roof panelsof the walkwaycanopyare made up of
polycarbonate panels,withaluminiumframing. These polycarbonate panelshave arange of solar
tintsthat blockdamagingUV rayswhile allowingvariouslevelsof lighttransmissiononto the
walkways.
Figure 20
Figure 20 shows polycarbonatepanels shadingeffectively alongthe walkway canopy.
Figure 21
Figure 21 shows the walkway canopy being placed atthe entrance of the buildingto shadethe visitorsas they
enter or depart the building.

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- Tinted Black Windows
Tintedglazingwindowsare usedatthe westelevationsandsouthelevationsof the buildings,where
mostof the daylightare transmittedintothe spacessuchas office andrestrooms.The tintedglazing
windows reduce glare fromthe brightoutdoorsandreduce the amountof solarenergytransmitted
throughthe glass into the building,allowingavisual comfortto the usersinside the building
throughoutthe day.
Figure 22
Figure 22 shows tinted glazed curtain wall of the rear façadeof the building,allowingonly a certain amountof
lightinto the building.
Figure 23
Figure 23 shows tinted glazed windows at the sidefaçadeof the building.

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- Vegetation Shading
Vegetationisin facta powerful tool inshading,aswell asinreducingsolarradiation,windand
precipitationandtreesplantedwell cansave upto 30 percentof a building'stotal energy
requirement.Treesandvegetationcanbe usedtoprovide shade where itisseasonallybeneficial.In
hot places,plantsandtrees,plantedinfrontof a window donotonlyreduce solarradiationbut also
the evaporationprocessalsohelpstocool the air.
Figure 24
Figure 24 shows vegetative shadingon the curtain wall of the front façadeof the building.
Figure 25
Figure 25 shows vegetative shadinginstalled alongthe entire front façadeof the building,to keep the interior
of the buildingcool and shaded.

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Interior
- Blinds
Blindsare usedinthe spacesthat are facingeastand north of the buildings,tocontrol the amountof
lightemittedintothe buildingduringthe day,dependingonthe activitiescarriedoutinthe spaces.
Figure 26
Figure 26 shows blinds beinginstalled to manipulatethe amount of daylightentering the spaceto the user’s
desire.

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b) Day Lighting
SetiaInternational Centre isdesignedtoachieveGBIgoldrating,featuringdaylightharvesting.Itis
designedforcomfortof occupantsand low energyconsumption.
Façade studies:
The façade of SetiaInternational Centre faceseast,wherethe sunrises.Ithasa longerfrontfaçade,
comparedto the side facadesof the building.Bymanipulatingthe orientationof the building,
sunlightisbroughtintothe building.The façade of the buildingusesclearglasspanels,allowinglarge
amountof sunlighttopenetrate throughthe building.The spacesthatreceive sunlightthroughthe
frontfaçade include the receptioncounterandmultipurposehall.The side facadesof the building
have minimal openingstoavoidunnecessaryheatpenetrationtothe buildingtomaintain thermal
comfortfor the occupants.Also,mostof the spacesinthe side facadesdonot require muchamount
of daylightthroughoutthe day.
Figure 27
Figure 27 shows clear glass panelsinstalled in theBanquet to allowmaximumdaylightto enter the space
throughout the day.

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- Skylights
Skylightsare widelyusedinSetiaInternational Centre.Skylightelementsare designedtobringin
lightto centralizedareaof the building.Otherthanontopof the exhibitionspace,itcanbe also
foundinoffices. Otherthanthat,SetiaInternationalCentre useslightcolouredwallsasreflecting
elements,takingthe captureddaylighttoreflectitfurtherinside.Bymaximizingdaylightinginthese
spaces,lesselectrical lightingwill be used,thussavingcoststo the buildingandalsoreducing
environmental impacts.
Althoughskylightelementsare usedsufficiently,daylightsthatpenetrate throughthe buildingare
oftenfoundglaring.Toresolve the problem, the architecthascome to a conclusiontoaddin
translucentrollerblindsbelowthe skylightelements,havingoccupantstocontrol the brightnessof
the spacesthemselves.Otherthanthat,inmore publicspaces,louversare addedontopof the
skylightelementstocontrol the amountof daylightthatpenetrates throughtothe spacesbelow.
Figure 28
Figure 28 shows several skylights installed into the ceilingto allowmaximum sunlightto enter the lobby area,
as to showcasethe exhibitions held there.

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Sketch 5
Sketch 5 shows sufficientdaylightis allowed to penetrate through window opening into offices.Partial of
daylightis blocked to avoid glarefrom sunlight.
A B
Sketch 6
Sketch 6 (A) shows louvers that is adjustablecreated under skylight,to control the amount of daylightthat
penetrate through into the office.
Sketch 6 (B) shows another type of louver created, instead of being indoor and adjustable,itis outdoor and
unableto adjust.This is also to control amount of sunlightthat shines into the office.

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- Supplementary Lightings
Halogendownlights are usedassupplementlightingsforthe excellentqualityof lightproduced.Itis
sharp,reliable andmimicnatural light.ByusingHalogen downlights,itbalancesoutlightbroughtin
by skylightandretainsvisual comfortforthe occupants.LED lightsare notuseddue to the concerns
of lowerCRI(colourrenderingindex) whichwill affectthe faithfulnessof the coloursof the
showcases.
Figure 29
Figure 29 shows the design of a halogen downlight that is installed onto the ceilings of the building.
Sketch 7
Sketch 7 shows that skylightunits areplaced focus on exhibition space,which requires more lightinto the
spacefor visual comfort.

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- Lux Level Sensor
Lux Level Sensorisplacednearexternalglazingandclose tosunlighttocontrol the dimnessof the
electrical lightings.Whenskylightbringsinsufficientlighttothe spaces,electrical supplementary
lightingswillbe reduced.Thisisdone toretainvisual comfortof the spaces.
Figure 30
Figure 30 shows the lux level sensor that is installed onto the ceiling of the building.

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Summary Chart
Below is a summary of the passive design features used in the building mentioned, Setia
International Centre, Kuala Lumpur. The following design strategy has been used by the
building to aid in the passive design aspect (sun-shading and daylighting) of the building.
No. Building Science Aspect Design Strategy
1. Sun shading Egg-crate sun-shading
Walkway Canopy
Tinted Black Windows
Vegetation Shading
Blinds (Interior)
2. Daylighting Skylights throughout the whole building
Supplementary lightings
Lux Level Sensor
Figure 31
Figure 31 shows the area of passive design features used in the building.

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REFERENCES
IEN Consultants,NA.SetiaInternational Centre.[online] Available at:
http://www.ien.com.my/projects/sic.html [Accessed5May 2014]
Local PagesMY, 2014. SetiaInternational Centre.[online]Available at:
http://www.localpages.my/listing/setia-international-centre.html [Accessed5May 2014]
SmugMug,2014. SetiaInternational Centre.[online] Available at:
http://khimmy.smugmug.com/Architecture/KL-EcoCity-SIC/i-PwG8Mnm[Accessed7May 2014]
Thermal-Guides,NA.Shadingdevices.[online] Available at:http://www.usc.edu/dept-
00/dept/architecture/mbs/tools/thermal/shadedevice.html [Accessed6May 2014]
AmericanInstitute of Architects,2012. The CarbonNeutral DesignProject.[online] Available at:
http://www.tboake.com/carbon-aia/strategies1b.html[Accessed5May 2014]
Craft BiltMaterialsLtd,2014. Clearor transluscentpatiocoversandsunroomglazing.[online]
Available at:http://craft-bilt.com/patio-covers/polycarbonate-roof/solarium/ [Accessed6May
2012]
Windows,forhighperformance commercialbuildings. [online] Availableat:
http://www.commercialwindows.org/tints.php [Accessed6May 2012]
KL Eco CitySIC.[online]Available at:
http://khimmy.smugmug.com/Architecture/KL-EcoCity-SIC/i-zrc8z8p[Accessed6May 2012]

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