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Eubacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria



                Salmonella(above) is a type of
                enteric bacteria in the Phylum
                        Proteobacteria
Eubacteria
What in tarnation is
   Eubacteria?
What in tarnation is
                 Eubacteria?
•   The Kingdom Eubacteria contains
    unicellular prokaryotes

•   Eubacteria reproduce by binary
    fission which means they divide in
    half

•   The majority of bacteria that
    affects human life are Eubacteria

•   All eubacteria contain DNA,
    cytoplasm, flagella, pilus, ribosomes
    a cell wall and a plasma membrane.
What in tarnation is
                 Eubacteria?
•   The Kingdom Eubacteria contains
    unicellular prokaryotes

•   Eubacteria reproduce by binary
    fission which means they divide in
    half

•   The majority of bacteria that
    affects human life are Eubacteria

•   All eubacteria contain DNA,
    cytoplasm, flagella, pilus, ribosomes
    a cell wall and a plasma membrane.
Structural function of
      Bacteria
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm

•   The chromosome contains genetic information
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm

•   The chromosome contains genetic information

•   Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm

•   The chromosome contains genetic information

•   Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination

•   The capsule protects the cell
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm

•   The chromosome contains genetic information

•   Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination

•   The capsule protects the cell

•   Endospores defends the cell against extreme environments
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm

•   The chromosome contains genetic information

•   Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination

•   The capsule protects the cell

•   Endospores defends the cell against extreme environments

•   Pilus or pili allows the bacteria cell to attach to objects which assists with
    genetic recombination
Structural function of
            Bacteria
•   The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape

•   Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell
    against some antibiotics

•   The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains
    important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration

•   DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm

•   The chromosome contains genetic information

•   Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination

•   The capsule protects the cell

•   Endospores defends the cell against extreme environments

•   Pilus or pili allows the bacteria cell to attach to objects which assists with
    genetic recombination

•   Flagellum facilitates movement
Structural function of
      Bacteria
Eubacteria
How can Eubacteria be
     identified?!
How can Eubacteria be
             identified?!

•   All bacteria in the Eubacteria
    kingdom have one of three shapes.

•   Bacilli are rod shaped, cocci are
    shaped like spheres and spirilla are
    spiral shaped

•   Eubacteria also have three major
    ways of acquiring food, autotrophy,
    heterotrophy and chemotrophy!
How can Eubacteria be
             identified?!

•   All bacteria in the Eubacteria
                                           The gram reaction of specific bacteria
    kingdom have one of three shapes.
                                                  help to classify them!
•   Bacilli are rod shaped, cocci are       The two types of gram reaction are
                                             gram-negative and gram-positive
    shaped like spheres and spirilla are
    spiral shaped

•   Eubacteria also have three major
    ways of acquiring food, autotrophy,
    heterotrophy and chemotrophy!
NAME THAT FORM!
NAME THAT FORM!
NAME THAT FORM!
NAME THAT FORM!
NAME THAT FORM!




A.) Bacilli
NAME THAT FORM!




A.) Bacilli        B.) Cocci
NAME THAT FORM!




A.) Bacilli        B.) Cocci    C.) Spirilla
Eubacteria
Gram Staining
Gram Staining
•   Using lab tests, species of Eubacteria are able to be
    divided into Gram-positive and Gram-negative by using
    Gram Stain

•   In the Gram stain process bacteria is placed on a
    microscope slide and stained with a dye called crystal
    violet.

•   Once the bacteria is stained with crystal violet the dye is
    washed off with water and iodine is applied to the
    specimen. Alcohol is also flushed onto the bacteria and
    shortly after a dye called safranin is added to the mix.

•   Gram-positive bacteria show the purple stain while
    Gram-negative show the pink stain
Eubacteria
Why is Gram Staining
      useful!?
Why is Gram Staining
               useful!?
•   Gram staining is useful because it
    classifies whether bacteria is gram-
    positive or gram-negative

•   Knowing a gram reaction of bacteria is
    important because it reveals the
    differences of bacteria

•   Gram-negative and Gram-positive
    bacteria differ in how susceptible they
    are to antibiotics.

•   They a produce different toxic
    materials

•   They react differently to disinfectants
    such as neosporin.
Why is Gram Staining
               useful!?
•   Gram staining is useful because it
    classifies whether bacteria is gram-
    positive or gram-negative

•   Knowing a gram reaction of bacteria is
    important because it reveals the
    differences of bacteria

•   Gram-negative and Gram-positive
    bacteria differ in how susceptible they
    are to antibiotics.

•   They a produce different toxic
    materials

•   They react differently to disinfectants
    such as neosporin.
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in
completely different domains because
 archaebacteria are so different from
                                        Eubacteria Vs.
                                        Archaebacteria
            other bacteria
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in
completely different domains because
 archaebacteria are so different from
                                        Eubacteria Vs.
                                        Archaebacteria
            other bacteria




                     •       One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are
                             placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain
                             Archae
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in
completely different domains because
 archaebacteria are so different from
                                        Eubacteria Vs.
                                        Archaebacteria
            other bacteria




                     •       One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are
                             placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain
                             Archae

                     •       Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria
                             lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in
completely different domains because
 archaebacteria are so different from
                                        Eubacteria Vs.
                                        Archaebacteria
            other bacteria




                     •       One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are
                             placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain
                             Archae

                     •       Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria
                             lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls

                     •       The cell membrane of the two are also different, Eubacteria cell membranes
                             are made of straight chain lipids while Archaebacteria cell membranes are
                             made of branched chain lipids.
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in
completely different domains because
 archaebacteria are so different from
                                        Eubacteria Vs.
                                        Archaebacteria
            other bacteria




                     •       One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are
                             placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain
                             Archae

                     •       Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria
                             lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls

                     •       The cell membrane of the two are also different, Eubacteria cell membranes
                             are made of straight chain lipids while Archaebacteria cell membranes are
                             made of branched chain lipids.

                     •       These two domains also have different relations with the world around
                             them, Eubacteria have several different effects on nutrition while
                             archaebacteria’s affect on life is virtually unexplored.
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in
completely different domains because
 archaebacteria are so different from
                                        Eubacteria Vs.
                                        Archaebacteria
            other bacteria




                     •       One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are
                             placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain
                             Archae

                     •       Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria
                             lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls

                     •       The cell membrane of the two are also different, Eubacteria cell membranes
                             are made of straight chain lipids while Archaebacteria cell membranes are
                             made of branched chain lipids.

                     •       These two domains also have different relations with the world around
                             them, Eubacteria have several different effects on nutrition while
                             archaebacteria’s affect on life is virtually unexplored.

                     •       Most Eubacteria live in the oxygen rich environments unlike archaebacteria,
                             which evolved before oxygen was released into the environment.
Fantabulous Phyla
Fantabulous Phyla

•   In kingdom Eubacteria there are 12 phyla
Fantabulous Phyla

•   In kingdom Eubacteria there are 12 phyla

•   The phyla are divided according to evolutionary
    relationships
Fantabulous Phyla

•   In kingdom Eubacteria there are 12 phyla

•   The phyla are divided according to evolutionary
    relationships

•   Four commonly known phyla are Cyanobacteria,
    spirochetes, Gram-positive bacteria and
    Proteobacteria. They are the most common
    bacteria that affect human life!
Super Cyanobacteria
Super Cyanobacteria

•   Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and
    produce oxygen as waste.
Super Cyanobacteria

•   Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and
    produce oxygen as waste.

•   Cyanobacteria are a unique type of eubacteria because they are enclosed by
    a jellylike substance and cyanobacteria also often form groups, which are key
    to the nitrogen cycle
Super Cyanobacteria

•   Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and
    produce oxygen as waste.

•   Cyanobacteria are a unique type of eubacteria because they are enclosed by
    a jellylike substance and cyanobacteria also often form groups, which are key
    to the nitrogen cycle

•   When cyanobacteria form in chains they are called heterocysts. Heterocysts
    assist in repairing nitrogen which is essential to life
Super Cyanobacteria

•   Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and
    produce oxygen as waste.

•   Cyanobacteria are a unique type of eubacteria because they are enclosed by
    a jellylike substance and cyanobacteria also often form groups, which are key
    to the nitrogen cycle

•   When cyanobacteria form in chains they are called heterocysts. Heterocysts
    assist in repairing nitrogen which is essential to life
Eubacteria
Sickening Spirochetes
Sickening Spirochetes

•   Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape
Sickening Spirochetes

•   Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape

•   Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic
Sickening Spirochetes

•   Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape

•   Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic

•   Human life is greatly impacted by spirochetes because they are bacteria that
    most commonly cause sickness, though they are not the only type of
    Eubacteria that does so.
Sickening Spirochetes

•   Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape

•   Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic

•   Human life is greatly impacted by spirochetes because they are bacteria that
    most commonly cause sickness, though they are not the only type of
    Eubacteria that does so.

•   Treponema pallidum is a spirochete that causes syphilis and Borrelia
    burgdorferi is the bacteria that is carried by deer ticks, it causes Lyme
    Disease
Sickening Spirochetes

•   Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape

•   Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic

•   Human life is greatly impacted by spirochetes because they are bacteria that
    most commonly cause sickness, though they are not the only type of
    Eubacteria that does so.

•   Treponema pallidum is a spirochete that causes syphilis and Borrelia
    burgdorferi is the bacteria that is carried by deer ticks, it causes Lyme
    Disease
Gracious Gram-positive
•   Gram-positive bacteria are heterotrophic and like spirochetes have a great
    impact on human life

•   One type of Gram-positive bacteria is a species of streptococci,
    Streptococcus pyogenes. Although Gram-positive bacteria can cause sickness
    they also benefit human life greatly! Gram-positive bacilli grow inside of milk
    and release lactic acid which forms yogurt and ice cream!

•   Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that are found in soil. They
    produce antibiotics that help fight harmful bacteria!

•   If you have ever had a cavity or a tooth ache you’ve had a run in with
    Lactobacilli, Gram-positive bacteria that attach to teeth and release acid that
    causes decay
Perfect Proteobacteria
•   Proteobacteria contain the most diverse types of bacteria, because of the
    diversity it is divided into sub-divisions such as enteric bacteria,
    chemoautotrophic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Proteobacteria can
    be heterotrophic, autotrophic or chemotrophic

•   Enteric bacteria are the bacteria that live inside of intestinal tracts, such as
    E. Coli. E. Coli lives in the small intestine inside of humans and produces
    Vitamin K which defends against blood clotting. E coli also assists with the
    breakdown of foods

•   Another type of Enteric bacteria is Salmonella which can cause food
    poisoning
Eubacteria and Humans
As humans Eubacteria contributes greatly to our lives, because of eubacteria we:



   •    Have foods such as yogurt and ice cream

   •    Have different antibiotics that allow us to fight
        sicknesses

   •    Can acquire strepthroat, syphilis, Lyme Disease,
        salmonella poisoning and many other bacterial
        sicknesses

   •    Have nitrogen enriched soil

                                  Guess what! Eubacteria also assist with the breakdown of wastes in sewers!

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Eubacteria

  • 4. Kingdom Eubacteria Salmonella(above) is a type of enteric bacteria in the Phylum Proteobacteria
  • 6. What in tarnation is Eubacteria?
  • 7. What in tarnation is Eubacteria? • The Kingdom Eubacteria contains unicellular prokaryotes • Eubacteria reproduce by binary fission which means they divide in half • The majority of bacteria that affects human life are Eubacteria • All eubacteria contain DNA, cytoplasm, flagella, pilus, ribosomes a cell wall and a plasma membrane.
  • 8. What in tarnation is Eubacteria? • The Kingdom Eubacteria contains unicellular prokaryotes • Eubacteria reproduce by binary fission which means they divide in half • The majority of bacteria that affects human life are Eubacteria • All eubacteria contain DNA, cytoplasm, flagella, pilus, ribosomes a cell wall and a plasma membrane.
  • 10. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape
  • 11. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics
  • 12. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration
  • 13. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm
  • 14. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm • The chromosome contains genetic information
  • 15. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm • The chromosome contains genetic information • Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination
  • 16. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm • The chromosome contains genetic information • Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination • The capsule protects the cell
  • 17. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm • The chromosome contains genetic information • Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination • The capsule protects the cell • Endospores defends the cell against extreme environments
  • 18. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm • The chromosome contains genetic information • Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination • The capsule protects the cell • Endospores defends the cell against extreme environments • Pilus or pili allows the bacteria cell to attach to objects which assists with genetic recombination
  • 19. Structural function of Bacteria • The cell wall protects the bacteria cell and gives it its specific shape • Outer Membrane’s are only found in Gram-negative cells, it protects the cell against some antibiotics • The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell. It also contains important enzymes that facilitate cellular respiration • DNA, ribosomes and organic compounds can be found in the cytoplasm • The chromosome contains genetic information • Plasmids contain genes that have been acquired by genetic recombination • The capsule protects the cell • Endospores defends the cell against extreme environments • Pilus or pili allows the bacteria cell to attach to objects which assists with genetic recombination • Flagellum facilitates movement
  • 22. How can Eubacteria be identified?!
  • 23. How can Eubacteria be identified?! • All bacteria in the Eubacteria kingdom have one of three shapes. • Bacilli are rod shaped, cocci are shaped like spheres and spirilla are spiral shaped • Eubacteria also have three major ways of acquiring food, autotrophy, heterotrophy and chemotrophy!
  • 24. How can Eubacteria be identified?! • All bacteria in the Eubacteria The gram reaction of specific bacteria kingdom have one of three shapes. help to classify them! • Bacilli are rod shaped, cocci are The two types of gram reaction are gram-negative and gram-positive shaped like spheres and spirilla are spiral shaped • Eubacteria also have three major ways of acquiring food, autotrophy, heterotrophy and chemotrophy!
  • 30. NAME THAT FORM! A.) Bacilli B.) Cocci
  • 31. NAME THAT FORM! A.) Bacilli B.) Cocci C.) Spirilla
  • 34. Gram Staining • Using lab tests, species of Eubacteria are able to be divided into Gram-positive and Gram-negative by using Gram Stain • In the Gram stain process bacteria is placed on a microscope slide and stained with a dye called crystal violet. • Once the bacteria is stained with crystal violet the dye is washed off with water and iodine is applied to the specimen. Alcohol is also flushed onto the bacteria and shortly after a dye called safranin is added to the mix. • Gram-positive bacteria show the purple stain while Gram-negative show the pink stain
  • 36. Why is Gram Staining useful!?
  • 37. Why is Gram Staining useful!? • Gram staining is useful because it classifies whether bacteria is gram- positive or gram-negative • Knowing a gram reaction of bacteria is important because it reveals the differences of bacteria • Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria differ in how susceptible they are to antibiotics. • They a produce different toxic materials • They react differently to disinfectants such as neosporin.
  • 38. Why is Gram Staining useful!? • Gram staining is useful because it classifies whether bacteria is gram- positive or gram-negative • Knowing a gram reaction of bacteria is important because it reveals the differences of bacteria • Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria differ in how susceptible they are to antibiotics. • They a produce different toxic materials • They react differently to disinfectants such as neosporin.
  • 39. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in completely different domains because archaebacteria are so different from Eubacteria Vs. Archaebacteria other bacteria
  • 40. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in completely different domains because archaebacteria are so different from Eubacteria Vs. Archaebacteria other bacteria • One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain Archae
  • 41. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in completely different domains because archaebacteria are so different from Eubacteria Vs. Archaebacteria other bacteria • One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain Archae • Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
  • 42. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in completely different domains because archaebacteria are so different from Eubacteria Vs. Archaebacteria other bacteria • One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain Archae • Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls • The cell membrane of the two are also different, Eubacteria cell membranes are made of straight chain lipids while Archaebacteria cell membranes are made of branched chain lipids.
  • 43. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in completely different domains because archaebacteria are so different from Eubacteria Vs. Archaebacteria other bacteria • One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain Archae • Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls • The cell membrane of the two are also different, Eubacteria cell membranes are made of straight chain lipids while Archaebacteria cell membranes are made of branched chain lipids. • These two domains also have different relations with the world around them, Eubacteria have several different effects on nutrition while archaebacteria’s affect on life is virtually unexplored.
  • 44. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in completely different domains because archaebacteria are so different from Eubacteria Vs. Archaebacteria other bacteria • One major difference between these two bacteria are the Domains they are placed in, Eubacteria in Domain Bacteria and Archaebacteria in Domain Archae • Eubacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan while archaebacteria lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls • The cell membrane of the two are also different, Eubacteria cell membranes are made of straight chain lipids while Archaebacteria cell membranes are made of branched chain lipids. • These two domains also have different relations with the world around them, Eubacteria have several different effects on nutrition while archaebacteria’s affect on life is virtually unexplored. • Most Eubacteria live in the oxygen rich environments unlike archaebacteria, which evolved before oxygen was released into the environment.
  • 46. Fantabulous Phyla • In kingdom Eubacteria there are 12 phyla
  • 47. Fantabulous Phyla • In kingdom Eubacteria there are 12 phyla • The phyla are divided according to evolutionary relationships
  • 48. Fantabulous Phyla • In kingdom Eubacteria there are 12 phyla • The phyla are divided according to evolutionary relationships • Four commonly known phyla are Cyanobacteria, spirochetes, Gram-positive bacteria and Proteobacteria. They are the most common bacteria that affect human life!
  • 50. Super Cyanobacteria • Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and produce oxygen as waste.
  • 51. Super Cyanobacteria • Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and produce oxygen as waste. • Cyanobacteria are a unique type of eubacteria because they are enclosed by a jellylike substance and cyanobacteria also often form groups, which are key to the nitrogen cycle
  • 52. Super Cyanobacteria • Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and produce oxygen as waste. • Cyanobacteria are a unique type of eubacteria because they are enclosed by a jellylike substance and cyanobacteria also often form groups, which are key to the nitrogen cycle • When cyanobacteria form in chains they are called heterocysts. Heterocysts assist in repairing nitrogen which is essential to life
  • 53. Super Cyanobacteria • Cyanobacteria are autotrophs that use photosynthesis to gain energy and produce oxygen as waste. • Cyanobacteria are a unique type of eubacteria because they are enclosed by a jellylike substance and cyanobacteria also often form groups, which are key to the nitrogen cycle • When cyanobacteria form in chains they are called heterocysts. Heterocysts assist in repairing nitrogen which is essential to life
  • 56. Sickening Spirochetes • Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape
  • 57. Sickening Spirochetes • Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape • Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic
  • 58. Sickening Spirochetes • Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape • Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic • Human life is greatly impacted by spirochetes because they are bacteria that most commonly cause sickness, though they are not the only type of Eubacteria that does so.
  • 59. Sickening Spirochetes • Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape • Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic • Human life is greatly impacted by spirochetes because they are bacteria that most commonly cause sickness, though they are not the only type of Eubacteria that does so. • Treponema pallidum is a spirochete that causes syphilis and Borrelia burgdorferi is the bacteria that is carried by deer ticks, it causes Lyme Disease
  • 60. Sickening Spirochetes • Spirochetes are heterotrophic eubacteria that have a spiral shape • Spirochetes can be aerobic and anaerobic • Human life is greatly impacted by spirochetes because they are bacteria that most commonly cause sickness, though they are not the only type of Eubacteria that does so. • Treponema pallidum is a spirochete that causes syphilis and Borrelia burgdorferi is the bacteria that is carried by deer ticks, it causes Lyme Disease
  • 61. Gracious Gram-positive • Gram-positive bacteria are heterotrophic and like spirochetes have a great impact on human life • One type of Gram-positive bacteria is a species of streptococci, Streptococcus pyogenes. Although Gram-positive bacteria can cause sickness they also benefit human life greatly! Gram-positive bacilli grow inside of milk and release lactic acid which forms yogurt and ice cream! • Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that are found in soil. They produce antibiotics that help fight harmful bacteria! • If you have ever had a cavity or a tooth ache you’ve had a run in with Lactobacilli, Gram-positive bacteria that attach to teeth and release acid that causes decay
  • 62. Perfect Proteobacteria • Proteobacteria contain the most diverse types of bacteria, because of the diversity it is divided into sub-divisions such as enteric bacteria, chemoautotrophic bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Proteobacteria can be heterotrophic, autotrophic or chemotrophic • Enteric bacteria are the bacteria that live inside of intestinal tracts, such as E. Coli. E. Coli lives in the small intestine inside of humans and produces Vitamin K which defends against blood clotting. E coli also assists with the breakdown of foods • Another type of Enteric bacteria is Salmonella which can cause food poisoning
  • 63. Eubacteria and Humans As humans Eubacteria contributes greatly to our lives, because of eubacteria we: • Have foods such as yogurt and ice cream • Have different antibiotics that allow us to fight sicknesses • Can acquire strepthroat, syphilis, Lyme Disease, salmonella poisoning and many other bacterial sicknesses • Have nitrogen enriched soil Guess what! Eubacteria also assist with the breakdown of wastes in sewers!

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