Pesticide and their residue by anbuselvidhanasekaran

3. Introduction
Pest –Responsible for man’s possession,
attacking.
 Several kinds of pests around him.
 Natural enemies of agriculture.
 Nightmare of Indian farmer.


4. Pesticide
Definition:
 The FAO defines pesticide as any
substance intended for preventing ,
destroying ,repelling , attracting any pest
including harm.


During –production ,processing etc.
Any substance-before or after harvest to
product the commodity.the term
fertilizers ,plant ,animal nutrients and food

5. Pesticide residue concern

Detection is easy

Organochlorine insecticide –most
notorious because, long persistence
nature.

6. Presence of pesticide

Drinking water ,milk ,beverages etc.

Considered as poisonous adulterants in
food above prescribed level ads illegal.

Suspected health risks to humans.

7. 
All India Coordinated Research projects
(AICRPs) during research.

1995 -1998
4000 sample vegetable 55%
pesticide residue.

2001
61% of 712 vegetable sample.
Exceed 11% of MRL values.


Bovine milk 52% contaminated by DDT ,94%
HCN

8. Insecticide and their restrictions
S.NO
Insecticide
Remark
1.
DDT(oc)
Banned (for use in
agriculture)
1989
2.
Endrin
1990
3.
HCN
January 1997
4.
Parathion
Restricted 1999
5.
Methyl bromide
Restricted 2001

9. Food safety concerns

In USA Pilot study
-perception & behavior in response to this
new risk information.
-companies are – offer vegetables without
pesticide at double prices.

10. Food safety Risk analysis

It refers to the levels of acceptable risk by
different nations.

European community –considering zero
risk factor in food.

11. Ecological magnification of
pesticide
 Another
name –Biomagnifications
,bioconcentration ,bioaccumulation.

12. Fat soluble
substances
Suspended organics
Invertebrates
Fish
OC
Fat tissues(10-10,000)

13. DDT
Marshes
Control the mosquito
Mosquito larva
fish
Eating women
DDT Residue in breast milk

14. Pesticide residue in food
commodities
January 1 ,1995 successor to GATT
(General agreement on tariffs and Trade)
 Fortune opportunity to export raw &
processed agricultural pts.
 In 1996 AIBA detect our consignment of
tea ,rice ,fruits etc.


15. 
Importing western countries due to their
high pesticide residue

‘Darjeeling gold brand’ of tea exported to
Germany by Indian tea market.

In 1995 rejected.

16. Health hazards from pesticide
residue
Above the tolerance level harmful to
human beings.
 Like the neurological & psychological
problems.
 Chronic toxicities cause by pesticide.


17. Pesticide regulation framework

Mammalian toxicity cause by improper
handling ,users etc.

The codex Alimentarius is a collection of
internationally adopted food standards ,
maximum residue limit for pesticides &
other aspects.

18. Pesticide residue research
& planning organization

In 1984 –monitoring of pesticide residue in
raw & processed food by ICAR.

Head office at Delhi.

Assistant director general (PFA) is
responsible for MRL values.

19. 
In 1972 400 peoples reportedly died in
Iraq by eating of bread.

Cereals treated with fungicide.

20. PFA Rules:

Provides monitoring of pesticide residues.

Soil and water.

Enforcement of tolerance limits by the
state and central government.

21. Insecticide Act:

Objective:
- Regulate import ,manufacture ,sale
,transport ,distribution use of
pesticide.
- CAC joint with FAO and WHO

22. Conclusion