power plant engineering for undergrauate engineering student

1. jahangirabad institute of technology

2. Electrical system
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3. Introduction
 Without having knowledge about electrical equipment. Power
generation from the power plant is
 difficult to understand. Hence it is necessary to have an idea about
role of electrical equipment.
The main electrical equipments are as follows;
 Generator and generator cooling
 Transformers and their cooling
 Bus bars
 Excitors
 Reactors
 Circuit breakers
 Switch board
 Control room equipment
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4. Jahangirabad institute of technology 4
Generators and motors: In a generator, an e.m.f. is
produced by the movement of a coil in a magnetic field.
The current produced by the e.m.f. Interacts with the field
to produce a mechanical force opposing the movement,
and against which the essential movement has to be
maintained. The electrical power ei is produced therefore
from the mechanical power supplied.

5. Cooling of transformers
The cooling of transformers differs from that of rotary
machinery in that there is no inherent relative rotation to
assist in the circulation of ventilating air. Luckily the
losses are comparatively small, and the problem of
cooling (which is essentially a problem of preserving the
insulation-solid and liquid from deterioration) can in most
cases be solved by reliance on natural self-ventilation. The
various methods are.
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6. Bus-bar
When a number of
generators or feeders
operating at the same
voltage have to be directly
connected electrically,
bus-bars are used as the
common electrical
component.
Single bus-bar system
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7. Busbar protection
 Busbars and lines are
important elements of
electric power system and
require the immediate
attention of protection
engineers for safeguards
against the possible faults
occurring on them.
 Busbars in the generating
stations and sub-stations
form important link between
the incoming and outgoing
circuits.
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Fig: Fault type bus bar

8. Pollution from thermal power
plants.
 Thermal power plants contribute to 13% of air pollution.
 The main pollutants are stack emissions; fly ash generation and
fugitive emission in coal handling.
 All three thermal power plants need better use of their emission
control devices and the fly ash that they generate.
 There is an immediate need to use beneficiated/washed coal,
which has a maximum ash content
 of 30%, which will reduce fly ash generation by about 25%.
 It has also been recommended to the
 Thermal Power Stations to examine the possibility of installing
Bag House Filters in order to control
 emission of particles between the size of PPM 2.5 to PPM-10.
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