The document provides an introduction to volcanology, discussing key concepts such as the definition and parts of a volcano, the origin of volcanoes through magma rising from below the earth's surface, and volcanology as the study of volcanoes, lava, and related phenomena. It also covers types of volcanism including those related to mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, hotspots, and flood volcanism. The heat source for volcanoes comes from deep within the earth where rocks are hot enough to turn into lava.

1. Introduction to Volcanology May 2008 Chapter 1

3. VOLCANO

6. Volcano Mount Saint Helen Eruption, May 18th 1980

7. Magma chamber conduit mantle Parasitic Cone Ash Cloud/Gases Vent Lava Flow Crater Parts of a Volcano

8. “ Ring of Fire” Volcanic arcs and oceanic trenches partly encircling the Pacific Basin form the so-called , a zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

11. VOLCANISM

19. Tidal Heating In some other planents is too small to have left over accretional heat, and radioactive decay could not generate the tremendous energy required to power all of the volcanic activity that exists on the moon.