Effective Multimedia Courseware for Teaching Integration

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BIODATA
HONG ENG DING
Additional Mathematics Excellent Teacher (Special Grade C)
Master of Education (Maths) University of Malaya
 I have been teaching Mathematics and Additional
Mathematics in secondary school since 1988. Currently I
am teaching in Alam Shah Science School, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
 Awards Received :
Innovative Teacher
- National level in year 2000,
- State level in years 2000, 2001 and 2003.
Creative Teacher
- State level in year 2003.
Award from Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation year 2002
Toray Science Education Award in year 2006.
 School Mathematics text book writer and reference books writer.
 Currently, I am doing PhD degree (part time) in University of Malaya.

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INTRODUCTION
INTEGRATION
MULTIMEDIA COUSEWARE
FEEDBACK FROM TEACHERS
AND STUDENTS
CONCLUSION

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INTRODUCTION
Integration is one of the Form 5 topics in
Malaysian Additional Mathematics Syllabus.
In this topic, the concepts of Integration, and its
application to find the area and volume are
introduced.
Students usually find the concepts in this topic abstract
especially determining areas under the curves and
volumes of revolution.

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INTRODUCTION
The Ministry of Education, Malaysia has developed a
teaching courseware to facilitate the teaching and
learning of Additional Mathematics.
This section presents how an interactive multimedia
environment can be created using the courseware to
enhance the conceptual understanding of Integration
and its applications.

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SYLLABUS OF INTEGRATION
• Integration by Reversing Differentiation
• Integrals of axn
• Integrals of Algebraic Expressions
• Constants of Integration
• Equations of Curves from Gradient
Functions
• Integrate of Expressions of the form
(ax+b)n

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SYLLABUS OF INTEGRATIONS
• Definite integrals
• Areas Under the Curves Bounded by the
x-axis.
• Areas Under the Curves Bounded by the
y-axis.
• Areas Under the Curves Bounded by a
straight line.

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SYLLABUS OF INTEGRATIONS
• Volumes of Revolutions When a Curve is
Rotated About the x-axis
• Volumes of Revolutions When a Curve is
Rotated About the y-axis

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DIFFICULTIES FACED BY STUDENTS IN
LEARNING THIS TOPIC
• To understand the abstract concepts of
Integration.
• To visualize the area under the curve as the
summation of areas of rectangular strips.
• To visualize the volume of revolution as the
summation of volumes of cylindrical discs.

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• The teaching courseware is based on the
Additional Mathematics Curriculum and it is
designed and structured upon the
requirements of the National Integrated
Curriculum for Secondary Schools
(Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah).

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• The teaching courseware is developed by
the Ministry of Education Malaysia
(Curriculum Development Centre) to assist
teachers in delivering the teaching content
in classroom using English Language.

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• The lessons are structured in six main
components in the following order:
 Introduction
 Content
 Activity
 Exercise
 Summary
 Extension

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To arouse the students’
interest and capture their
attentions.
States the learning
outcomes
of a particular lesson
and sets the stage for
the respective lesson.
Good set induction:
relates the lesson
to daily life
examples, history of
Mathematics.

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Vivid
three-dimensional
simulation examples
are displayed.
Presents the established
concepts contained in
the lesson.
To enhance the
conceptual understanding
of Integration.
PHOTOS

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Determine the Volume of Revolution

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Provides features to
check the student’s
answer step by step.
Contains Interactive
activities
for making and testing
conjectures.
Discusses and
evaluates student’s
understanding and
identifies student’s errors
and misconceptions.

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Interactive Activity : Find the volume of revolution

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Enhances understanding
of concepts and
mastering of problem
solving skills
Consists of
assessment items.
Provides opportunities
to practice and develop
newly learned skills.

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Recalls the concepts
and skills learned in the
lesson.
Summarises the
entire lesson.
Highlights key points
and ideas

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Area under the curve bounded by the x-axis.

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Provides activities
outside the classroom
or homework.
Contains
additional knowledge
that related to the lessons.
Encourage further
exploration and
discovery.

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Module and Swift-Point Player

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• The Teaching Courseware includes other
functions which help to enhance the
teaching of the subject in the classroom.
MY LESSONS
If the lessons in the CD do not
cater to the specific needs of
students, teachers can create their
own lesson by combining different
sections of the lessons in the CD.

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BOOKMARK
When the user wants to stop at a
certain page, with the intention of
continuing later from that page, they
just need to take a bookmark and
mark that page.

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TEACHER’S RESOURCES
The Teacher’s Resources contains
Teaching Plans and Activity Sheets of
each lessons.
All Teacher’s Resources can be
printed.

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COURSEWARE PEDAGOGY
Pre-conceived Idea
Compare with New Idea
Assimilation Accommodation
New
Concept

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Problematic
Situation
Make and Test
Conjecture
Satisfy all
conditions?
No
New Knowledge
Reflection

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Problem Solving
Mathematical
Communication
Reasoning
Making Connection
Use of Technology
PRINCIPLES

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FUN
MEANINGFUL
CHALLENGING
USEFUL
PRINCIPLES

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Constructivism
Contextual
Exploratory
Cooperative learning
Multiple Intelligent
Mastery Learning
Self-Access Learning
Leaning How to Learn
Future Learning
APPROACHES

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Directing
Demonstrating
Explaining and
Illustrating
Questioning
Consolidating
Evaluating
Summarising
APPROACHES

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ACTIVE PASSIVE
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
Manipulates
concrete
models
Listen to verbal
explanationDescribes
Concepts
Verbally
Observes
demos with
concrete
models.

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USING THE COURSEWARE
CD ASSISTED
APPROACH
CD INTEGRATED
APPROACH
1. Main teaching tool in the
classroom.
2. Introduce and present the
subject matter, pauses the
CD at the appropriate
points to check the
students’ understanding.
1. Teacher designs his/her
own lessons, using a
variety of resources.
2. Teacher incorporates the
courseware materials, as
well as other resources
into the lesson at suitable
stages.

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The result cannot be generalised
to all the populations.
The survey (questionnaire)
on teachers was
done on 28
Additional Mathematics
teachers.
Experience of
teaching : 1 – 28 years
The interview was
carried out with 3
students with
performance in Add Maths :
Good, Average and Weak.

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1. How often do you use the teaching courseware?
FEEDBACK PERCENTAGE
Everyday : 0 %
Every week : 17.86%
Once a while : 71.43%
(Certain topics)
Never : 10.71%

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2. The benefits of using courseware :
Use for Summary or Revision
Interesting and clear
Make learning process enjoyable
To relate the concept to daily life
Interactive exercise

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For weak students, the visual can draw their attention. e.g.
Integration
Get the attention of students and enhance understanding.
The syllabus can be finished earlier so students can do more
drilling exercise.
Deliver the concept in a shorter time (save time).

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It is systematic.
I prepare my own PowerPoint by referring to the
content of the CD.
Explaining and introducing the concepts of certain topics
better.
Courseware provides good introduction.

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Courseware provides animation to teach certain concepts.
Teaching and learning Add Maths becomes interactive.
To diversify the teaching and learning activities.
Provide more examples for explaining the concepts and skills.

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3. The reasons why courseware is not used :
Take time to set up the laptop and the LCD, needs around 15
minutes. It is time consuming.
Some of the courseware are not related to what I want to teach.
For very weak students, they need more explanation, not suitable to
use courseware.
Lack of skills to incorporate CD into the PowerPoint.
Teachers make their own PowerPoints and teaching resources.

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Do you like the courseware?
FEEDBACK FROM STUDENTS

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What are the
features in the
courseware
you like most ?
1. The explanation and
problem solving.
2. The examples.
3. The graphics with
animations. It creates fun in
learning.
4. Easy to understand, I can
remember what I have learnt.

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What are your
suggestions
about the use
of teaching
courseware?
1. All the maths teachers use
the courseware to teach to
make us understand better.
2. Put in more graphics and
give more examples. Add in
more music and sound.

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CONCLUSION
1. The effective use of the teaching courseware has
transformed abstract and difficult lessons on
Integration to stimulating sessions where students can
visualize the concepts and enhance their problem
solving skills.
2. Thanks Ministry Of Education for the effort of providing
this multimedia courseware which enhances the teaching
and learning of Additional Mathematics.

Effective Multimedia Courseware for Teaching Integration

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