“The warning about global warming have been extremely clear for a long time. We are facing a global climate crisis.” -AI Gore

1. GLOBAL WARNING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
PRESENTED BY:
DIPAK KUMAR
NIT DURGAPUR

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE
 Global warming, climate change-definitions
 Human impact on planet earth
 Global environment degradation-causes, evidences and
progression
 Greenhouse earth-gases, effects and history
 Carbon dioxide levels, sources and contributions
 Global warming-concept, indicators, factors, critical
targets and impacts
 Ozone depletion- impacts, photochemical smog episodes
 Global climate change-indicators, health impacts

3.  “Everybody talks about the
weather, but nobody does anything
about it.”
-Mark Twain,1897
 “The warning about global
warming have been extremely clear
for a long time. We are facing a
global climate crisis.”
-AI Gore
VOICE ABOUT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

4. DEFINITION OF GLOBAL WARMING AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
Global Warming Climate Change
 Refers to temperature increase
in the troposphere.
 An increase in Earth’s average
surface temperature due to
rising level of greenhouse
gases.
 Refers to changes in any
aspects of the earth’s climate
including temperature,
precipitation and storm
intensity and patterns.
 A long-term change in the
Earth’s climate, or of a region
on Earth.

5. HUMAN IMPACT ON THE EARTH
Human
activities
Earth
Global
Climate
change

6. GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION
The environment
change is a
combination of
natural events and
human intervention.
It occurs at
global, regional
and local levels.
Human beings
have altered every
element of the
planet earth.

7. CAUSE OF GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Population
growth
Human
Impacts
Environmental
crisis

8. Environmental
impact refers to
the alteration of
the natural
environment by
human activity.
CAUSE OF GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Environmental Impact(I) = population(P) *
consumption(C)
I = P*C
Environmental Impact = population size * per
capita consumption * pollution
and resource use per unit of
consumption.

9. WORLD HUMAN POPULATION
GROWTH
1804
1
billion
1920
2
billion
1974
4
billion
1987
5
billion
1999
6
billion
2021
8
billion
2013
7
billion

10.  Earth has finite resources.
 Its ability to sustain the growing
population is finite.
 Its ability to provide food and energy
is finite.
 Economic need allow exploitation of
natural resources
 Industrialized nations consume
more resources per capita.
 Polution has a negative impact on
humans in terms of health and
quality of life, as well as on other
animals and plants.
Ecological
Crisis
HUMAN CARRYING CAPACITY
OF THE EARTH IS NOT INFINITE

11. GLOBAL CONSUMPTION
EXPLOSION
 Global resource consumption is rising rapidly.
 The resource consumption is driven by population growth
and rising wealth.
 This ever-increasing consumption puts strain on the
environment.
 As a result, emissions and wastes pollute the earth and
destroy the ecosystems.

12. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY
REVOLUTION
Positive Ecological
effects
Negative
Ecological effects
 Improved quality of life
 Greater economic growth
 Rapid and bulk
production of goods
 Better transportation
 Faster communication
 Comfortable housing
 Enjoyable recreation
 Pollution of life support
systems
 Degradation of natural
habitats
 Global warming and
climate changes
 Depletion of natural
resources
 Impact of industrial
agriculture
 Toxic contamination
 Depletion of ozone layer

13.  Is a structural building with different types of covering
materials, such as a glass or plastic roof & frequently
glass or plastic walls
 Receiving energy (in the form of light) from outside; the
inside of greenhouse will heat & emit infrared radiation.
 It happens that glass is a material pretty opaque to these
infrared radiation emitted by the interior of greenhouse.
 This prevents the energy to dissipate easily outside &
leads to a temperature increase that would not happen if
infrared could freely escape from greenhouse.
WHAT IS GREENHOUSE?

14.  is a natural process that warms the Earth, and, in
fact, is quite necessary for our survival. Gases in the
atmosphere, like water vapour (clouds), carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide
(N2O) act as a natural blanket by preventing the
sun’s heat energy from radiating back into space,
much like a greenhouse traps the sun’s energy to
warm someone’s plants even in the middle of winter.
 The natural greenhouse effect helps warm the
Earth’s surface by as much as 33oC, and without it,
our planet would be too cold for humans to survive.
GREENHOUSE EFFECT

15. PROCESS OF GREENHOUSE

17. As the sun’s energy hits the Earth, some of that
energy is absorbed by the earth’s crust and by the
oceans, warming the planet.
The rest of the energy is radiated back toward space
as infrared energy. While some of this infrared
energy does radiate back into space, some portion is
absorbed and re-emitted by water vapor and other
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
This absorbed energy helps to warm the planet’s
surface and atmosphere just like a greenhouse.

18. GREENHOUSE EARTH
 Greenhouse gases have been essential to the survival
life on planet earth.
 They trap heat and cause the earth to warm.
 Human activities alter the proportion of GHG’s in the
atmosphere.
 They add more GHGs and induce more heat trapping by
the atmosphere.

19. GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG)

20. GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

21. RECENT WARMING IS DUE TO
GREENHOUSE GASES

22. FUTURE WARMING DEPENDS ON
EMISSIONS

23. WAYS TO REDUCE
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
 Use less heat and air conditioning
 Drive less and drive smart
 Factory install smoke filters
 Plant a tree
 Vehicles use unleaded petrol
 Enforce the law on behalf of polluting the
environment
 Environmental campaign

24. TIMELINE OF GLOBAL CARBON
DIOXIDE LEVELS

25. SOURCES OF GLOBAL CARBON
DIOXIDE EMISSIONS

26. CONCEPT OF GLOBAL WARMING
 Global warming is a continuing increase in the earth’s
overall temperature.
 It is caused by the greenhouse effect.
 Greenhouse gases have increased from human activity.
 Sea level is rising and snow and ice cover is
decreasing.
 In 2007,the International Panel on Climate
Change(IPCC) started that there is a 90% probability
that human activity is causing the warming.
 Many scientists feel that the consequences of global
warming is irreversible.
 Global warming is a serious threat brought about by
human activity.

27. WHAT CAUSES GLOBAL
WARMING?
• Carbon dioxide + other air pollution
• like a thickening blanket, trapping the sun's
heat
Source:
• Coal-burning power plants are the largest
U.S. -- they produce 2.5 billion tons CO2
every year.
• Automobiles, the second largest source,
create nearly 1.5 billion tons of
CO2 annually.
From household:
•Vehicles
• Home Heating
• Electricity

28. 2009 Indian floods
The 2009 India floods affected various states of
India in July 2009. The most affected states were
Karnataka, Orissa, Kerala, Gujarat and North-East
Indian states, with over 200 people reported dead,
and a million homes destroyed.
CAUSING BAD
THINGS
• 2002,
Colorado,
Arizona and
Oregon
endured
worst wildfire
seasons ever
• dust
storms in
Montana,
Colorado
and
Kansas
• floods
hundreds of
millions of
dollars in
damage in
Texas,
Montana and
North Dakota
• snow
accumula
tion has
declined
60
• winter
seasons
shortened in
Cascade
Range in
Oregon and
Washington
IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING

29. HOW CAN
WE CUT
GLOBAL
WARMING
POLLUTIO
N
reducing
pollution from
vehicles and
power plants
Hybrid gas-
electric engines
put existing
technologies for
building, cleaner
cars and
more modern
electricity
generators into
widespread use
renewable
energy
sources such
as wind, sun
and
geothermal
manufacture
more efficient
appliances and
conserve
energy
DO TO HELP FIGHT
GLOBAL WARMING
choose a compact
fluorescent light bulb
over an incandescent
bulb
opting for a
refrigerator with the
Energy Star label
fluorescent light bulb
refrigerator

30. • Turn off your computer or the TV
when you're not using it.
• Take shorter showers. Heating water
uses energy.
• Keep rooms cool by closing the
blinds, shades, or curtains.
•
• Turn off the lights when you leave a
room.
SIMPLE THINGS TO DO

31. •Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air
conditioning. Or use a fan.
•Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning
up the heat.
•Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your
AC and furnace clean.
•Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the
car.
•Plant a tree.

32. BESIDE THAT :
HYBRID CARS:- These still cost more than they save, but not too
much, and lots of people like the idea of polluting less. We will
eventually switch over almost completely and the sooner the better--
there's lots of room for savings here.
NUCLEAR POWER:- Nuclear power still has problems, but makes
no C02. A high priority needs to be placed on solving the nuclear-
waste problem.
PUMPING C02 UNDERGROUND:-It seems incredible, but they do
it all the time to force oil out of oil wells. US DOE has a big project to
study this. It may turn out to be too expensive, but it is considered to
be one of the best options by those in the know.
WIND POWER:- Facts will be studying this option soon. It is nearly
break-even but how much could be installed? Is 5% of total power
realistic? Right now that seems very far off.

33. DEPLETION OF OZONE LAYER

34. IMPACT OF OZONE DEPLETION

35. FORMATION OF PHOTOCHEMICAL
SMOG

36. EFFECT OF OZONE DEPLETION AND
OZONE POLLUTION

37. GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate change is a critical global change.
Climate change is potentially one of the greatest of all
threats to the environment, to the biodiversity and
ultimately to the quality of human life.

38. EVIDENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Artic climate impact assessment(ACIA,2004)

39. HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE

40. GLOBAL IMPACT OF CLIMATE
CHANGE

41. FUTURE IMPACT OF CLIMATE
CHANGE : GLOBAL PROJECTIONS

42. LATEST UPDATE

43. THANK YOU