The document discusses the need for an alternative IP backbone network in Latin America to address issues like low broadband penetration and accessibility. It notes that Mexico in particular has room for improvement in broadband penetration, prices, and quality according to OECD data. Only 62% of Mexican homes have access to a competitive fixed network. The key policy objective is to provide widespread, high-quality broadband access to stimulate economic and social growth. Strategic choices around technology, funding, and regulatory models are discussed for developing such a backbone network. The panel discussion focuses on promoting fair competition and avoiding past oversights that led to uneven network development and market inefficiencies in the region.