2. HISTORY OF SOUTH ASIA

3. Indus River Civilization 2300-
1750 BCE
 Development of urban grain-growing
civilization on the Indus River;
 Two main cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-
daro;
 Undeciphered proto-Dravidian script;
 Destroyed by climate, invasion of non-
Indus peoples

4. Aryan Migration 1750-1000
BCE
 Migration into northwest India of
nomadic herding tribes from
Iranian plateau;
 Indo-European language;
 Oral religious traditions preserved
in Vedas, oldest of which, the Rig
Veda, predates migration

5. DRAVIDIANS
 Social conflicts with Aryans
 Primitive dark coloured people
 Merchant of cotton, gold, pearl, peppers
 Live in South

6. BRAHMANIS 900 BCE
Early Hinduism
characterized by rituals
belief in reincarnation,
dharma, karma and
division of society into
four classes (varnas)

7. Buddhism; Jainism500 BCE
 Spread very rapidly in the whole region

8. Invasion of Alexander the Great
326 BCE
 Conquered the North-Western part of
South Asia
 Left this region after one year
 Appoint generals and governers
 Joined local government

9. MAURYAN EMPIRE 324-200 BCE
 Domination of North India by
Chandragupta, extended to south by
grandson, Ashoka
 Ashoka was originally a Buddhist, then
converted to Hinduism
 Patna is capital

11. MUGHAL EMPIRE 1206-1526
 Began invasion of
Baber from Central Asia
 Akbar(baber grandson)
ruled 1542-1605 from
Afghanistan to all
northern part and
southern India upto
Godavari

12. Mughal Empire
 Mughal empire
unifies North and
parts of South India
under its rule;
 Aurangzeb(1618-1707)
contribution the region.
 After his death fall
and disintegration
the mughal empire.

13. Trade in India
 Portugess captured some ports1500
A.D.
 The East India Company started their
trade ports in 1600A.D. in Calcutta,
Maddras, Bombay
 French company
 Dutch company
trade on western coastland

14. Areas Of Trade In INDIA

15. East India Company(1800-1875)
 Control all South Asia in 1700 A.D.
 More powerful when rules Kashmir,
Punjab, Nepal in 1800-1857
 Indian become
poor and bitter
 Appointed British
Viceroy in major
states of India

16. Major areas under the British
Government
 NWFP(K.P.K) sharp contrast of political
and social condition as compared to the
rest of the region
 Baluchistan western bordering region
 Punjab and Sindh western to southern
side extending to Arabian sea
 At that time no boundary between
Baluchistan an Afghanistan
 It defined 1878

17. Political Parties
 Indian National Congress
M.A Hume (1857)
 All India Muslim League
(Nawab Waqar-ul-Malik)
30 Dec1906, Dacca
 1913 Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined
Muslim League

19. Muslims Struggle
 Lakhnow Pact 1916
 Tahreek-e-Khalafat 1919
 Nehru Report 1929
 14 Points 1930
 29 Dec 1930 Allahabad Adress
 Round Table Conference 1930-1932
 23 March 1940 Pakistan Resolution

20. June 1945 Shimla Conference
1945-46 elections
3 June 1947 Plan
14 August 1947

21. MODERN SOUTH ASIA

23. Partition: India
and Pakistan 1947
 Independence
from British rule
and Partition of
British India into
modern countries
of India and
Pakistan (East and West)

24. PAKISTAN
 14 August 1947
 Muslim state
 Islamic Republic Of Pakistan
 Four provinces
 Also claimed the state of Kashmir in the
northern areas

25. BANGLADESH 1971
 War between East and West
Pakistan results in
separation of Pakistan into
two states:
Pakistan and Bangladesh
 1500B.C. Aryans came and pushed
Dravidians to this Eastern area
 1757 under British rule and 190 years
 In the early 19th century came Arabians,
Turks, Persians, Afghan, Mughals

26. INDIA
 15 August 1947
 Independent Democratic
Republic in 1948
 1956 rearranged the states
 India has 22 states in 1961
 1962 war India with China
 1965 Kashmir issue war with Pakistan
 1971 war eastern and western Pakistan
and India

27. BHUTAN
 December 1907,
first hereditaryKing
 1910 British India Supervision
 Independent state in 1971 and joined
U.N.
 1979 Indo Bhutan Treaty
 1980 accepted Bhutanese citizenship in
Tibet

28. NEPAL
 Ashoka visited in 250 B.C
 449 A.D. Changu Narayan Temple
 Thakuri ruled in 9th century
 Malla Dynasty divide region in three
principalitities
 King Prithvi Narayan in 1769
 Prime Minister ship in Rana’s hands in
1951
 December 1906 King Mahendra Bir Bikram
took over uptill now

29. SRILANKA
 Originate from the mainland of
India in 2500 B.C.
 1505 Portuguese occupied
 1796 British appointed governor
 February 1948 became independence
 1956 member of Common Wealth
 Democratic Socialistic Republic Of
Srilanka in 1978

30. MALDIVES ISLAND
 Embraced Islam in 1153 A.D.
 Portuguese occupied from
1558-1573
 Borah (Ismaili) in 19th century
 British agreement1956-57 at Addu Atoll
time period and for 30 years
 November 1978 made many political,
social, and economic reforms

31. CONFLICTS IN SOUTH ASIA
 1947 C.E. Indo-Pakistan War
 1965 C.E. Indo-Pakistan War
 I971 C.E. Indo-Pakistan War
 I971 C.E. Bangladesh Liberation War
 1855 C.E. — 1856 C.E. Nepalese-Tibetan War
 Siachen Conflicts

32. Refrences
 Geography of south asia By Bushra Afzal Abbasi.
 https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=surrounding+countries+of+south
+asia+map&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=Am-kUsC-
IpSZ0QWg64GYAw&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=642#facrc=
_&imgdii=_&imgrc=PUMhdvZRdzGcVM%3A%3Bq3hF9-
K14Y_stM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.zonu.com%252Fimages
%252F0X0%252F2009-11-18-11175%252FSouthern-Asia-Political-
Map.png%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.zonu.com%252Fdetail-
en%252F2009-11-18-11175%252FSouthern-Asia-Political-
Map.html%3B1000%3B1019
 http://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.shortparagraph.co
m/wp-
content/uploads/2013/11/clip_image0024.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sho
rtparagraph.com/geography/paragraph-on-geography-of-india-1240-
words/785&h=665&w=580&sz=86&tbnid=tbRei5FD6mWRGM:&tbnh=9
0&tbnw=78&zoom=1&usg=__YWwQVfLZ2P517aOBO7ddfdUslF8=&d
ocid=xgsljIT1YTIHQM&sa=X&ei=bnKkUvKVEubw0gWMiIHgCQ&ved=
0CH4Q9QEwCw#imgdii=_
 https://www.google.com.pk/?gws_rd=cr&ei=OHOoUpu6LoSkyQOW-
oDYBg#q=sri+lanka+island