1. Exodus 10-12, Passover, Why Study Exodus, Locusts,
Get Up Get Going, Hardened Hearts, They Knew God
But Were Not Saved, Unlucky Friday The 13th., The
Destroyer, The Death Angel.

2. Exodus?
Why study Exodus?
• Because Jesus quoted from it. (Mark 7:10)
• 2 Timothy 3:16 All Scripture is inspired by God
and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for
correction, for training in righteousness; 17 so that
the man of God may be adequate, equipped for
every good work.
• Romans 15:4 For whatever was written in earlier
times was written for our instruction, so that
through perseverance and the encouragement of
the Scriptures we might have hope.
• Because The Bible Confirms Exodus

3. Nehemiah 9:9,
The Bible Confirms Exodus
• Nehemiah 9:9 "Thou didst see the affliction of
our fathers in Egypt, And didst hear their cry
by the Red Sea. 10 "Then Thou didst perform
signs and wonders against Pharaoh, Against all
his servants and all the people of his land; For
Thou didst know that they acted arrogantly
toward them, And didst make a name for
Thyself as it is this day.

4. Exodus 10:1, Go to Pharaoh
• Exodus 10:1 Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to
Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the
heart of his servants, that I may perform these
signs of Mine among them,
• Most of the time in the Bible, when God uses
some one He commands the 1st. To "Go”
• “go to Nineveh, arise, go to the Euphrates, Go to
the exiles, go to Babylon, Get up and go to the
street called Straight”
• Like a ship, we must be moving to be steered.
• Get Up, Get Going, Serve The Lord

5. Exodus 10:4, The 8th. Plague, Locusts

6. Exodus 10:4, Locusts Without Number
• Exodus 10:4 'For if you refuse to let My people
go, behold, tomorrow I will bring locusts into your
territory. 5 'They shall cover the surface of the land, so
that no one will be able to see the land. They will also
eat the rest of what has escaped-- what is left to you
from the hail-- and they will eat every tree which
sprouts for you out of the field.
• Psalm 105:34 He spoke, and locusts came, And young
locusts, even without number, 35 And ate up all
vegetation in their land, And ate up the fruit of their
ground.
• Revelation 9:3 Then out of the smoke came locusts
upon the earth, and power was given them, as the
scorpions of the earth have power.

7. Easton’s Bible Dictionary, Locusts
• Easton’s Bible Dictionary… "The legs and thighs of
these insects are so powerful that they can leap to a
height of two hundred times the length of their bodies.
When so raised they spread their wings and fly so close
together as to appear like one compact moving mass."
Locusts are prepared as food in various ways.
Sometimes they are pounded, and then mixed with
flour and water, and baked into cakes; "sometimes
boiled, roasted, or stewed in butter, and then eaten."
They were eaten in a preserved state by the ancient
Assyrians. The devastations they make in Eastern lands
are often very appalling…

8. Easton’s Bible Dictionary, Locusts
• “…The invasions of locusts are the heaviest calamites
that can befall a country. "Their numbers exceed
computation: the Hebrews called them 'the countless,'
and the Arabs knew them as 'the darkeners of the sun.'
Unable to guide their own flight, though capable of
crossing large spaces, they are at the mercy of the
wind, which bears them as blind instruments of
Providence to the doomed region given over to them
for the time. Innumerable as the drops of water or the
sands of the seashore, their flight obscures the sun and
casts a thick shadow on the earth Ex 10:15 Jud 6:5
7:12 Jer 46:23 Joel 2

11. Exodus 10:21, The 9th. Plague, Dark

12. Exodus 10:21, The 9th. Plague, Dark
• Exodus 10:21 Then the LORD said to Moses, "Stretch
out your hand toward the sky, that there may be
darkness over the land of Egypt, even a darkness which
may be felt.“
• Revelation 6:12 …the sun became black as sackcloth
made of hair, and the whole moon became like blood;
• Revelation 8:12 …a third of the sun and a third of the
moon and a third of the stars were struck,…would be
darkened …
• Revelation 9:2…the sun and the air were darkened by
the smoke of the pit.

13. Exodus 11:4, The 10th. Plague,
Death Of The Firstborn

14. Passover
Christ In The Passover
With Jews For Jesus

15. What Is Passover?
• Passover the name given to the chief of the three great
celebrations, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast
of Weeks, and the Feast of Tabernacles. Passover is
often called the "feast of unleavened bread."
• Matt 26:17 On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened
Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, "Where
do you want us to make preparations for you to eat the
Passover?"
• Mark 14:1 Now the Passover and the Feast of
Unleavened Bread were only two days away…
• Mark 14:12 …the Feast of Unleavened Bread, when it
was customary to sacrifice the Passover lamb…
• Luke 22:1 Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, called
the Passover…

16. What Is Passover?
• God commanded it to be kept in remembrance of
the Lord's passing over the houses of the
Israelites when the Jews were saved, but all the
first born of Egypt died.
• Lev 23:5-14 The Lord's Passover begins at
twilight on the fourteenth day of the first month.
On the fifteenth day of that month the Lord's
Feast of Unleavened Bread begins…This is to be a
lasting ordinance for the generations to come,
wherever you live.

17. But Why Were The Jews In Egypt?
• And what time was it?
• Glad you asked

18. It Begins In Genesis
• Ch. 1-11; 2,000 yrs.
• Ch. 12-50; 350 yrs.

19. Gen. 1-11, About 2000 Yrs.
•
•
•
•
•
The Creation
The Fall
The Flood
Institution of Human Government
1st One World Order government and the 3rd.
judgment on all humans.

20. Gen. 12-50, About 360 Yrs.
•
•
•
•
•
4 men
1 nation
Hebrew race
God told Abram;
Gen 15:13-16 And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety
that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not
theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four
hundred years; 14 And also that nation, whom they shall
serve, will I judge: and afterward shall they come out with
great substance. 15 And thou shalt go to thy fathers in
peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age. 16 But in the
fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the
iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full. KJV

21. Steven Spoke About The Exodus
• Acts 7:6-7 God spoke to him in this way: 'Your
descendants will be strangers in a country not
their own, and they will be enslaved and
mistreated four hundred years. 7 But I will
punish the nation they serve as slaves,' God
said, 'and afterward they will come out of that
country and worship me in this place.‘

22. Joseph
• Joseph in Gen 37, 39-50
• 13 chapters about Joseph
• 101 ways he reminds us of Christ

23. Why And When?
• God put the Jews in isolation in Egypt to grow
their nation.
• Dr. Ryrie dates the Exodus at approx. 1445 BC

24. After Genesis Comes Exodus
• Ex 1-4 is Moses’ story
• Ex 5-10 is God dealing with Pharaoh and Egypt
through Moses
• Ex 11 brings us to the 10th. plague

25. Exodus 11
• Exodus 11:1-10
• Ex 11:2…ask their neighbors for articles of silver and
gold.
• “Ask” not take
• Ex 11:7… “not a dog will bark”= Proverbial saying
meaning “no resistance”
• All 10 plagues were specific to Egyptian deities and this
10th. one exposes the emptiness of Osiris (the giver of
life), as well as the lie that Pharaoh was deity (his own
son died).
• Ex 12:12…I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt.
I am the Lord….

26. Exodus 11, Hardened Hearts
• Ex 11:10…the Lord hardened Pharaoh's
heart…
• Only after;
• Ex 8:15…Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he
hardened his heart…
• Ex 8:32…Pharaoh hardened his heart…
• Ex 9:34…He and his officials hardened their
hearts…

27. Ex 11:10, The Lord Hardened
Pharaoh's Heart
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ex 9:12…the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart…
Ex 10:1…Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart…
Ex 10:20…the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart…
Ex 10:27…the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart…
Ex 14:8…The Lord hardened the heart…
Heb 3:7-8 So, as the Holy Spirit says: "Today, if you
hear his voice, 8 do not harden your hearts as you did
in the rebellion, during the time of testing in the
desert…
• Heb 3:13 But encourage one another daily, as long as
it is called Today, so that none of you may be hardened
by sin's deceitfulness.

28. Romans 1:18, They Knew God
But They Did Not Honor Him
• Romans 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from
heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of
men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, 19
because that which is known about God is evident
within them; for God made it evident to them. 20 For
since the creation of the world His invisible
attributes, His eternal power and divine nature, have
been clearly seen, being understood through what has
been made, so that they are without excuse. 21 For
even though they knew God, they did not honor Him
as God or give thanks, but they became futile in their
speculations, and their foolish heart was darkened.

29. Ex 12:1-2
• Ex 12:2…the first month of your year
• Happy New Year

30. Ex 12:3-6
• Ex 12:6 Take care of them…slaughter them…
• A precious, perfect,
spotless sacrifice
• Only sacrifice without
a priest
• Each family did it, not one
for the whole nation,
but personal
• 1 Peter 1:19 but with the precious blood of
Christ, a lamb without blemish or defect.

31. Why Is Friday The 13th. Considered
Unlucky?
• At what hour does
our day change?
(Gentiles=Midnight
• Jews=Ex 12:6…the
fourteenth day of
the month…at
twilight.
• Exodus 11:4 …
'About midnight I
am going out into
the midst of Egypt,

32. Why Is Friday The 13th. Considered
Unlucky?
• Can you think of
any more
“unlucky” day for
Egyptian gentiles
than the day/night
of the death of the
firstborn?

33. Ex 12:7-11
• Ex 12:7…take some of the blood…
• The blood had to be applied;
• Heb 9:22 In fact, the law requires that nearly
everything be cleansed with blood, and
without the shedding of blood there is no
forgiveness.
• 1 John 1:7 But if we walk in the light, as he is
in the light, we have fellowship with one
another, and the blood of Jesus, his
Son, purifies us from all sin.

34. Ex 12:11, The Lord's Passover
• Ex 12:11…it is the Lord's Passover…
• Not “your Passover”
• John 1:29-30…John saw Jesus coming toward
him and said, "Look, the Lamb of God, who
takes away the sin of the world!

35. The Lamb Had To Die
• John 12:23-25 Jesus
replied, "The hour has come
for the Son of Man to be
glorified. 24 I tell you the
truth, unless a kernel of
wheat falls to the ground
and dies, it remains only a
single seed. But if it dies, it
produces many seeds. 25
The man who loves his life
will lose it, while the man
CSB Hebrews 9:22 According to the
law almost everything is purified with who hates his life in this
world will keep it for eternal
blood, and without the shedding of
life.
blood there is no forgiveness.

36. Ex 12:12-13
• Ex 12:12-13… I will pass through Egypt and
strike down every firstborn …when I see the
blood, I will pass over you…
• This is personal, and hands on, and of the Lord

37. Ex 12:14-23
• Ex 12:23 When the Lord goes through the land to
strike down the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the
top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that
doorway, and he will not permit the destroyer to enter
your houses and strike you down.
• “the destroyer” death angel?
• YLT Exodus 12:23 …Jehovah…doth not permit the
destruction to come into your houses to smite.
• Ex 12:19…whoever eats anything with yeast in it must
be cut off from the community of Israel…
• God is serious!

38. Top And Sides
Of The
Doorframe?

39. Top And Sides
Of The
Doorframe!

41. Ex 12:24-32
• Ex 12:31-32 Pharaoh summoned Moses and
Aaron and said, “…And also bless me."
• Heb 7:7 And without doubt the lesser person
is blessed by the greater.
• Ex 12:30…there was not a house without
someone dead.
• How many of you are the firstborn?

42. Ex 12:33-36
• Ex 12:33-36 The Egyptians urged the people to
hurry and leave the country. "For otherwise,"
they said, "we will all die!" 34 So the people took
their dough before the yeast was added, and
carried it on their shoulders in kneading troughs
wrapped in clothing. 35 The Israelites did as
Moses instructed and asked the Egyptians for
articles of silver and gold and for clothing. 36 The
Lord had made the Egyptians favorably disposed
toward the people, and they gave them what
they asked for; so they plundered the Egyptians.

43. Ex 12:37-51
• Ex 12:37…There were about six hundred
thousand men on foot, besides women and
children.
• Approx. 2 million total
• Dr. Ryrie says, “An annual growth rate of 5
percent would increase the population from
100 to 2,000,000 in only 215 years…” (1:7, page 90)

44. Ex 12:37-51
• Ex 12:39…without yeast because they had been driven
out of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for
themselves.
• 1 Cor 5:6-8 Your boasting is not good. Don't you know
that a little yeast works through the whole batch of
dough? 7 Get rid of the old yeast that you may be a
new batch without yeast — as you really are. For
Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. 8
Therefore let us keep the Festival, not with the old
yeast, the yeast of malice and wickedness, but with
bread without yeast, the bread of sincerity and truth.
• Ex 12:51…the Lord brought the Israelites out of Egypt
by their divisions.
• Orderly, not fleeing masses

45. Exodus 12:46, No Broken Bones
• Exodus 12:46 "It is to be eaten in a single
house; you are not to bring forth any of the
flesh outside of the house, nor are you to
break any bone of it.
• John 19:33-37…"Not one of his bones will be
broken," 37 and, as another scripture
says, "They will look on the one they have
pierced.“
• Ps 34:20…he protects all his bones, not one of
them will be broken.

46. Amen!
THE END

47. Mark 14:1 Exodus 12 Matthew 26:17
Luke 22, the Last Supper
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By Dr. David R. Reagan
Can we know what the table was shaped like at the Last Supper?
This question was posed to Dr. James Fleming, one of the most knowledgeable teachers of Biblical Archaeology, on our show Christ in Prophecy. Dr. Fleming lived and taught in Israel for
37 years at Jerusalem University College and at the Hebrew University. His first claim to fame is that he discovered the ancient Eastern Gate buried beneath the current one. Dr. Fleming
has walked or motorcycled about every square mile of Israel, and is so familiar with Israel past and present that Israeli tour guides come to him for training.
He now operates the Explorations in Antiquity Center in LaGrange, Georgia, an interactive museum where people here in the U.S. can experience the life and times of Jesus Christ in the
First Century. It's a fascinating place, and so in this series we're going to tour the facility to glean new insights into the Bible by understanding the manners, customs and times of the
Bible.
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Problems with Da Vinci's "The Last Supper"
Dr. Reagan: Jim, I want to talk with you about the Last Supper. As you well know, whenever Americans think of the Last Supper they always think of one thing — the magnificent painting
by Leonardo Da Vinci. But, there's some problems with that painting, right?
Dr. Fleming: There certainly are. As you know, Da Vinci's "The Last Supper" is unique from his perspective and for the facial expressions, the hand movements, and so on. For example, it's
too bad that he painted daylight coming in, for the Passover is held in the evening. It occurs in the eve after sun goes down.
It's also too bad Da Vinci painted table and chairs. The Last Supper was a reclining meal. Sure, that Jesus and the Apostles are all painted as being on one side of the table makes it easy to
observe their facial expressions, but that wouldn't be how you would have been seated at the time of Jesus.
At the Antiquity Center, one of the things we've tried to do here without demeaning that iconic picture is to help people better understand what the real setting may have been like.
Clues as to What Type of Table
There are four words we look to in Luke 22:11-12 for understanding the room where the Last Supper was held. Do you remember that Jesus told Peter and John to make the
preparations? Well, they were to follow a man with a water pot. When they got to the doorman they were supposed to inquire of him. Jesus said that he would show them a —
large, upstairs, furnished, guest — chamber. How would First Century people understand those four descriptive words? That is what we have tried to do at the Antiquity Center.
The first word is "large." Think mega. Now, if it was a small room, you'd have a one-sided reclining table. Archaeologists have discovered such like that where food gets put on a little
bench along one wall with a mat in front of it. I have a replica in our little village in the museum.
If it was a medium sized room, it would be an "L" shaped reclining table where you recline on two sides.
If the room was mega-sized, then the table was a large, three-sided, reclining table. They would have use the word "triclinium" even though it is based on a Latin word. Today in modern
Israel, a couch in the living room is also called a triclinium. And so, we can deduce that the Last Supper was held at a three-sided reclining table.
The second word is "upstairs." The reclining table for the Last Supper is in a large room particularly located upstairs. Most downstairs rooms have to have supports to support a heavy
upstairs and a roof, so larger rooms tend to be located upstairs. Jerusalem is a hill and valley city, so the upstairs often had a balcony that looked out over a lower roof. Just lovely!
The third word is "furnished." The upstairs room is furnished actually with a table with mattresses. This can be translated as "furnished" or a "table with cushions." In all the Gospels the
Apostles are said to be reclining at the table. Modern translations might say "sat at the table" to make it modern, but the word is actually "reclined," and so we know it was at a table with
adjoining mattresses.
The fourth word is "guest." The guest chamber is called a "kataluma." The guest chamber is a room where a guest both eats and sleeps, meaning there is a table that also happens to be
with one step down from the mattresses. If they hadn't gone to the Garden of Gethsemane they would have slept in the room of the Last Supper. In your house you have some rooms
where you eat and other rooms where you sleep, but every house that is able to afford a guest chamber or guest room in Jesus' time had a place where your guests both eat and sleep.
The Last Supper was clearly in a guest room where guests could both eat and sleep.
Because the room was a guest chamber, I have a hunch that Judas first brought the guards back to the room of the Last Supper. Remember that he left during the meal? He did probably
because he thought they were going to be sleeping there. When they weren't there, Judas must have known Jesus enough as a person of habit that there was a favorite garden where He
liked to pray. Judas then may have said to the Temple guards something like, "Don't worry. I can take you to another place where you probably can get Jesus when He's away from the
crowds."
So, in Jesus' day you were supposed to both eat and sleep in the guest room. Archaeologists have actually found over a thousand First Century reclining tables in the triclinium form.
In the eleventh part of this series with archaeologist Dr. James Fleming at his Explorations in Antiquity Center, we'll glean some biblical insights by learning where at the Last Supper
Jesus, John and Judas Iscariot would have sat.

48. Matthew 16:6, Yeast/ Leaven
• 1st. Mention of leaven is in Exodus 12:15 'Seven
days you shall eat unleavened bread, but on the
first day you shall remove leaven from your
houses; for whoever eats anything leavened from
the first day until the seventh day, that person
shall be cut off from Israel.
• Exodus 12:19 'Seven days there shall be no
leaven found in your houses; for whoever eats
what is leavened, that person shall be cut off
from the congregation of Israel, whether he is an
alien or a native of the land.

49. Matthew 16:6, Yeast/ Leaven
• Exodus 13:7 "Unleavened bread shall be eaten
throughout the seven days; and nothing leavened
shall be seen among you, nor shall any leaven be
seen among you in all your borders. 8 "You shall
tell your son on that day, saying, 'It is because of
what the LORD did for me when I came out of
Egypt.' 9 "And it shall serve as a sign to you on
your hand, and as a reminder on your forehead,
that the law of the LORD may be in your mouth;
for with a powerful hand the LORD brought you
out of Egypt.

50. Matthew 16:6, Yeast/ Leaven
• Matthew 13:33 He spoke another parable to
them, "The kingdom of heaven is like leaven… [Luke 13:21]
• Mark 8:15 And He was giving orders to
them, saying, "Watch out! Beware of the leaven of the
Pharisees and the leaven of Herod.“
• Luke 12:1 …He began saying to His disciples first of
all, "Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is
hypocrisy.
• Matthew 16:12…the teaching of the Pharisees…
• 1 Corinthians 5:4-10 Church discipline
• Galatians 5:5-14 Legalism or Freedom

51. •
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Ex 12, Mark 14:18 John 12:2, 13:23
Luke 7, 11:37, 22:14, Reclining At The
Table
Today is July 30, 2013, Verse of the Day -- Luke 22:14 And when the hour had come He reclined at
the table, and the apostles with Him.
THOUGHT FOR THE DAY
It was an honor to lie down and eat in Jesus' day.
MINI BIBLE STUDY FOR THE DAY
The famous picture by Leonardo da Vinci of Jesus and His 12 apostles sitting upright while eating at
the Last Supper is not scripturally correct. Feasts, banquets, and special dinners were usually served
on a table which was only six to twelve inches high. The guests would lie around the outside edges
on cushions, leaning on their left elbow and eating with their right hand. This was to remind the
Israelites that they didn't have to be ready to leave at a moment's notice—like they did on the first
Passover in Egypt.
This is why a woman could wash Jesus' feet at dinner (Luke 7) as she wasn't under the table! This
also makes sense of the verse (John 13:23) about John leaning on Jesus' breast at dinner. There are
some 30 verses referring to this eating style including:
. . . a Pharisee asked Him to have lunch with him; and He went in, and reclined at the table.—
Luke 11:37. . . as He was reclining at the table in the house, behold many tax-gatherers and sinners
came and were dining . . . —Matthew 9:10
And as they were reclining at the table and eating . . . —Mark 14:18
. . . Lazarus was one of those reclining at the table with Him. —John 12:2

52. The Nails Acts 2:23 John 20:25, Hyssop Exodus 12:22 Numbers 19:6
Psalm 51:7 John 19:29 Hebrews 9:19 12:22 Leviticus 14:4, Gambling Luke 23:34 John
19:24 Psalm 22:18 , Unbroken Bones Psalm 22:14, Psalm 34:20
John 19:36
• The Nails
• Dr. Reagan: Where were the spikes put in the hand?
• Dr. Fleming: It's interesting that in this particular case we only have one
finding so far where we know the person died by crucifixion in Jerusalem.
It shows the spike is where you would have a wristwatch. That's not where
we traditionally would think in the hand. But, what's interesting is that the
Hebrew word for hand covers from the shoulder down. So, wounds in
Jesus' hands do not need to mean an English hand from the wrist up.
Probably the nail would enter where the wrist bones pull together at the
ulna and radius, and there would be put the spike.
• Dr. Reagan: How long did it normally take to die?
• Dr. Fleming: You could last for days depending on whether you had been
scourged or not.
• We have two spikes here because a piece of acacia wood was found under
the head of the nail in the crucified person we have talked about. In our
replica you can see in this case the soldier hammered the spike into a