1. Breaking the rules
8.1 Can you talk about rules and obligations?
Unit8
1 Unscramble these words and match 3 Read this conversation and circle the
them to the definitions below. correct option.
a lebl _________
bell LOU: My school is very relaxed. My students
b eeartehadch ___________ (a) don’t have to / haven’t to wear
c aetl ___________ uniforms.
d cuxsee ___________ MEL: Really? My school isn’t relaxed. My
e eulsr ___________ students (b) have to / don’t have to wear
f iet___________ ties and uniforms. The students
g no eimt ____________ (c) can / can’t have tattoos, and the boys
(d) can / can’t have long hair.
1 it makes a ringing sound _________
bell
LOU: Why not? My students (e) have to / don’t
2 the opposite of early _____________
have to be polite to their teachers, and
3 the director of a school ___________
they (f) have to / don’t have to do their
4 what you can and can’t do ___________
homework, but I don’t care how long
5 when you are not late, you
their hair is or how many tattoos they
are __________
have!
6 some men wear a ___________ around
their neck
7 an explanation for something you have 4 Use these prompts to write about rules.
done ___________ a He / have to / do / exams.
_______________________________________
He has to do exams.
2 Match these pictures with the rules. b You / can’t / use / mobile / school.
_______________________________________
c She / not have to / wear / tie.
741193WU8P37H1
_______________________________________
d He / have to / give in homework / time.
1 2
2 3 _______________________________________
e They / not have to / go / all classes.
1
_______________________________________
f You / can’t eat / in school.
3 4 _______________________________________
5
5 Write about your school rules.
a can
4 _______________________________________
We can wear jeans on Fridays.
5 6 6
b can
a You don’t have to eat lunch inside the _______________________________________
school. ___
4 c can’t
b You can’t ride a scooter in school. ___ _______________________________________
c You have to wear a uniform. ___
d have to
d You have to start school at eight
_______________________________________
o’clock. ___
e You can’t have tattoos. ___ e don’t have to
f She has to wear a tie. ___ _______________________________________
© Richmond Publishing, 2004 PHOTOCOPIABLE 37

2. Breaking the rules
8.2 Vocabulary
Unit8
1 Unscramble the words. 4 Replace the words with their
a Let’s go and get a cup of tea from the synonyms.
tencane ___________.
canteen always late audience freedom rules
b The first ziper was a CD player
headmaster old-fashioned swear
_______________.
c You can’t afford that, it’s really penexvise
_______________.
d Don’t guare with me, you’re not going to
the party _______________!
e I’ve taken some lovely photos with my new
rameca _______________.
f Hurry up, or we’ll be alet _______________!
g There’s no secuxe, you should always do
your homework _______________.
a I have to buy some new glasses, the ones
2 Match the words to the word I have are so out of fashion ______________.
old-fashioned
groups. b The bus is never on time ______________.
a old-fashioned ___
7 c I promise ______________ never to do that
b on time ___ again.
c tidy ___ d The head teacher ______________ gave the
d freedom ___ whole class detention.
e expensive ___ e Liberty ______________ is one of the most
f tie ___ important human rights.
g prize ___ f The regulations ____________ say that you
cannot smoke in this building.
1 award first win g The people watching a performance
2 suit shirt collar ______________ applauded the musicians.
3 money cheap afford
4 slave liberty speech
5 late early punctual 5 Unscramble the sentences.
6 clean messy put away The first words are given.
7 modern out-of-date up to the minute a The girls / football / to / a / match /
challenged / boys / the / .
3 Match the two halves of the The girls _______________________________
challenged the boys to a football
_______________________________________
match.
sentences.
b I / for / a camera / birthday / got / my / .
a My neighbours are horrible, ___ 2
I ______________________________________
b There’s no excuse for your behaviour, ___
c Tidy / real / it’s / your / mess / room / a / ! / ,
c In Britain a traditional Christmas dinner is ___
Tidy __________________________________
d Janet always swore she would be famous, ___
d The / food / canteen / school / great / serves / .
e Our headmaster has introduced lots of
The canteen ____________________________
changes, ___
e The / at / are / my / rules / strict / very /
f The audience went wild at the end of the
school / .
concert ___
The ___________________________________
1 some good, some bad. f If / first / don’t / try / you / at / again /
2 they gossip about everyone. succeed / . / ,
3 turkey and Christmas pudding. If _____________________________________
4 and applauded for over half an hour. g We / to / a / wear / have / uniform / with /
5 you’re old enough to know better now. our / tie / school / .
6 and now she has her own TV show. We ___________________________________
38 © Richmond Publishing, 2004 PHOTOCOPIABLE

3. Breaking the rules
8.3 Can you talk about rules at home?
Unit8
1 Match these words with the 3 Look at Sam and Jim’s activities at
definitions. camp. Complete the sentences using
had to or couldn’t.
argue camera challenge gossip prize
succeed successfully swear take part in
a When you join in a game or a sports
match you ________________ it.
take part in
b ________________ is the opposite of fail.
c What you win in a competition is Sam Jim
a ______________.
d A ______________ is a machine for Sam’s Jim’s
Activities
recording images. success success
e A ______________ is something difficult Complete the daily
you have to do. challenge successfully. X
f When you do something very well, you do
it ______________. Be tidy.
g ________________ is a conversation about Go swimming in the
other people’s private lives. lake every morning. X
h When you disagree with someone, often
Drink two litres of water
angrily, you _________________.
every day. X
i You _______________ when you say rude
or offensive words like ‘!#*+’. Help make lunch every
Tuesday and Thursday. X X
2 Match these pictures to the sentences a Sam and Jim _____________ go swimming
had to
below and circle the correct option. every morning.
b But Sam _____________ because the water
was too cold!
c Sam and Jim _____________ complete the
daily challenge.
d Jim _____________ complete the daily
challenge. It was very difficult!
11 22
e Sam and Jim ____________ be tidy.
They were successful!
f Sam and Jim ____________ drink two litres
of water every day. Jim _____________.
g Sam and Jim _______________ make lunch
every two days. They ______________.
33 44
4 Write sentences about the rules in
a You must / mustn’t eat unhealthy food like your house.
burgers or sweets. ___
2 a I can __________________________________
stay in bed late on Sundays.
b You must / mustn’t go to bed before eleven b I have to ______________________________
o’clock. ___ c I mustn’t _______________________________
c You must / mustn’t have two showers a d I don’t have to __________________________
day. ___ e I can’t _________________________________
d You must / mustn’t swear. ___ f I must _________________________________
© Richmond Publishing, 2004 PHOTOCOPIABLE 39

4. Breaking the rules
8.4 Reading and writing
Unit8
1 Write these paragraph headings
in the correct places.
Children teaching adults It’s your choice!
Let’s talk! Open hearts, open ears
Rule breakers Serious fun
a _______________________ Summerhill is probably Britain’s most famous school. It is a school
Rule breakers
which has very different rules from normal schools, and its philosophy of education has caused
conflict with the traditional educational system.
b _______________________ It was founded by A.S. Neill in 1921. He believed children are naturally
good, so he created an environment in which children could express themselves without adults
controlling them. Children have as much power to decide as the adults who are there to help.
Lessons are not compulsory and pupils are free to choose what to do with their time.
c _______________________ Some people say the result must be chaos. Perhaps it is noisier than
ordinary schools, but it is very interactive. There is an atmosphere which allows people to be
emotional. People give their opinions and other people listen and respect them.
d _______________________ Summerhill has lots of countryside where the children can play,
build things in the woods and ride their bikes. But it is not all about playing. The idea is to
learn how to live in an open and democratic community.
e _______________________ In addition to taking control of their own time, children and adults
participate in the self-government of the school. Meetings are held four times a week to
discuss decision-making and to create or to change school rules.
f _______________________ Perhaps politicians could learn a lot about human nature and
cooperation from listening to how the children of Summerhill organise their community. With
the principles of democracy and equality, Summerhill continues to provide a very different and
unusual kind of education.
2 Correct the sentences which are wrong.
a A.S. Neill created Summerhill in the 1930s. ____________
1920s
b He wanted to change the traditional way of teaching. ____________
c Children have to go to all classes. ____________
d There is a lot of room for children to play at Summerhill. ____________
e The children make all the decisions. ____________
f The principles of Summerhill are democracy and total freedom. ____________
3 If you could change the rules at your school, which ones would you change?
Why would you change them?
Rules I would change: ______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Why I would change them: __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
40 © Richmond Publishing, 2004 PHOTOCOPIABLE

5. Breaking the rules
8.5 Culture
Unit8
Big Brother’s watching you!
1 Read the first paragraph and answer the questions:
a Who or what is ‘Big Brother’? ______________________________________________________________
b What is society like in ‘1984’? _____________________________________________________________
2 Read the second paragraph and answer:
a What are the names of the countries in ‘1984’? ______________________________________________
b Why is the ‘Thought Police’ feared? ________________________________________________________
c How does the government control society? _________________________________________________
3 Read the third paragraph and answer:
a How does the government like people to behave? ____________________________________________
You’ve all heard of Big Brother, the reality TV show where strangers live together in a house and are watched by
cameras twenty-four hours a day. But did you know that the idea of ‘Big Brother’ comes from the novel ‘1984’ by
George Orwell, which was written in 1947. Big Brother was the name of an unknown figure who ruled the world.
‘1984’ describes a society where everyone and everything is totally controlled, even your thoughts!
The planet in ‘1984’ is divided into three countries: Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia. Big Brother and his political
party controls the whole world. There are two-way televisions in everyone’s house and cameras on the streets, so
that Big Brother can see what you are doing every single moment. These televisions cannot be turned off and they
send out the constant propaganda messages of the Party. The three slogans of the Party are War is peace, Freedom is
slavery and Ignorance is strength. But the most feared of all government agencies is the ‘Thought Police’. The worst
crime is a ‘thought crime’, which is anything that does not agree with the Party and Big Brother.
People are encouraged to hate each other; there are special TV programmes to make the citizens angry and violent.
They are also taught to spy on each other, to tell the Thought Police if they suspect a neighbour of being different.
Everyone wears similar clothes and they all exercise at the same time.
Sounds like a great read, doesn’t it? Why don’t you see if you can find a copy of ‘1984’ in your library or bookshop?
4 Write true (T) or false (F). Correct the false ones.
a Big Brother is a radio programme. ___ _________________________________________________________
F Big brother is a reality TV show.
b Orwell wrote his novel in 1984. ___ _______________________________________________________
c A thought crime was not very serious. ___ _________________________________________________
d Everyone was scared of the Thought Police. ___ ______________________________________________
e Cameras watch the contestants twenty-four hours a day. ___ _____________________________________
f The world in ‘1984’ is divided into lots of different countries. ___ _____________________________
© Richmond Publishing, 2004 PHOTOCOPIABLE 41