3. France
• The culture of France and of the French people has been
shaped by geography, by profound historical events, and
by foreign and internal forces and groups. France, and in
particular Paris, has played an important role as a center
of high culture and of decorative arts since the 17th
century, first in Europe, and from the 19th century on,
world wide. From the late 19th century, France has also
played an important role in cinema, fashion and cuisine.
The importance of French culture has waxed and waned
over the centuries, depending on its economic, political
and military importance. French culture today is marked
both by great regional and socioeconomic differences and
by strong unifying tendencies.
4. England
• The culture of England refers to the
idiosyncratic cultural norms of England and
the English people. Because of England's
dominant position within the United Kingdom
in terms of population, English culture is often
difficult to differentiate from the culture of
the United Kingdom as a whole. However,
there are some cultural practices that are
associated specifically with England