8. CLASSIFICATION Classification Schemes Positioning of Radionuclide Dose rate of irradiation Duration of irradiation Loading pattern

22. RULES OF INT.IMPLANT SYSTEM PARAMETERS MANCHESTER QUIMBY PARIS COMPUTER Linear strength Variable Constant Constant Constant Source distribution Planar implant:(periphery) Area <25 cm- 2/3 Ra; 25-100 cm- ½ Ra; >100 cm- 1/3 Volume implant::Cylinder:belt-4 parts,core-2,end-1 Sphere:shell-6,core-2 Cube :each side-1,core-2 Uniform Uniform Uniform Line sources parallel planes Uniform Line sources Parallel or cylinderic volumes Spacing line source Constant approx. 1 cm apart from each other or from crossing ends Same as Manchester Constant, Selective Separation 8-15 mm Constant Selective Crossing needles Required to enhance dose at implant ends Same Crossing needles not used;active length 30-40% longer Crossing needles not used;active length 30-40% longer

24. PRINCIPLE-MANCHESTER SYSTEM FEATURES DOSE & DOSE RATE 6000-8000 R in 6-8 days (1000 R/day; 40 R/hr) UNIT / USE OF RADIUM mg Ra hr – defined as amount of radium to give specified dose in 1 hr DOSE SPECIFICATION CRITERA Effective minimum dose 10% above absolute minimum dose LINEAR ACTIVITY Variable: 0.66 and 0.33 mg RaEq/cm

27. PARIS SYSTEM FEATURES DOSE AND DOSE RATE 6000 -7000 cGy in 3-11 days DOSE PRESCRIPTION POINT Average of the minimum doses in the region defined by the source REFERENCE DOSE & DOSE GRADIENT 85 % of the BASAL DOSE 15 % between the Reference dose and the Basal dose RA SOURCE PLACEMENT Reference isodose volume covers the treated volume

38. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS…

59. LOADING PATTERN TUBE TYPE LENGTH TUBES RADIUM (mg) UNITS (FUNDUS to CX) LOADING TUBES (mg) LARGE 6 3 35 6-4-4 15-10-10 MEDIUM 4 2 25 6-4 15-10 SMALL 2 1 20 8 20 VAGINAL OVOIDS TUBES RADIUM (mg) UNITS LOADING TUBES(mg) LARGE 3 22.5 9 10-10-5 or 20/25 MEDIUM 2 20 8 20 SMALL 1 17.5 7 10-5-5 or 20/15

65. CERVICAL BRACHYTHERAPY

85. RADIUM SUBSTITUTES NAME ORIGIN T 1/2 γ ENERGY-MeV β ENERGY β FILTRATION HVL (Pb -mm) ERC SPECI. ACTI. DECAY PRODUCT Rn 222 NATURAL 3.83 days 0.83 Stainless steel 12 10.27 Pb 206 Cs 137 FISSION 30.17 yrs 0.662 0.512 1.17 - do - 6.5 3.26 87 Ba 137 Co 60 NEUTRON ACTIVAT. 5.26 yrs 1.17, 1.33 0.38 - do- 11 13.07 1020 Ni 60 Ir 192 - do - 73.8 yrs 0.136- 1.06 0.079-0.068 Platinum 4 4.69 7760 Pt 192 Tn 182 - do - 115 yrs 0.67 - Platinum 12 6.87 - - Au 198 - do - 2.7 days 1.088- 0.412 0.96 St. steel 3.3 2.376 - Hg 198 I 125 - do - 59.4 days 0.274, 0.314 No Titanium 0.01 10th 1.403 - Te 125 Pd 103 - do - 16.97 days 0.21 No Platinum 0.03 6.87 - Ru 103

86. Thank You