4. “A lengthy
monologue
promoting
memorization of
factual
information with
little emphasis
on understanding
and application”
JA Dent
5. “Process by
which notes of a
teacher become
notes of a
student without
passing through
the minds of
either.”
M O’Donnell
6. “No sleep is so
deeply
refreshing as that
which, during
lectures.”
PB Medawar
7.
8. Merits of lecture
Overview
Stimulate student’s interest
Recent research development
Case presentation
Authoritative speaker
Time/ Cost efficiency.
9. How to do effective lecture?
Use concrete examples to illustrate
abstract principles
Give handouts of the lecture slides, with
space to write notes
Give handouts with partially completed
diagrams and lists
Use multiple activities along the way.
11. How to do effective lecture?
Good presentation skills
Use questions to guide and assess
understanding
Problem-oriented VS classical model
“Say what you are going to say, say it and
say what you have said” .
12.
13.
14. Merits of small group learning
Student-centered learning
Participation
Sense of belonging
Authentic to adult learning
Deep learning
Understanding
Reflection
Criticism.
15. Merits of small group learning
Promote generic skills
Problem solving
Interpersonal
Communication
Social & team-working
Presentation
Professionalism
Awareness of different views
Attitude of tolerance.
16.
17.
18.
19. Key success to small group
Size 8-12
Tutor
Facilitating skill
Preparation
Enthusiasm
Student
Preparation
Participation
Study skills.
20. Key success to small group
Study guide development
Resources
Time
Room
Student/ tutor ratio
Educational climate
Feedback.
28. My small group sessions
Seminar group round
Student fills up study guide before class
Case-based discussion @ class
Contraceptive card game.
29. Grasha-Riechmann
Learning Styles
Competitive
compete with other students
Collaborative
believe they can learn by sharing ideas and talents
Avoidant
uninterested and/or overwhelmed by what happens in class
Participant
eager to take part in class activities
Dependent
need structure and support
Independent
like to think for themselves and work alone.
Grasha AF, 2002
30. Grasha Teaching Styles
http://www.longleaf.net/teachingstyle.html
Expert
• transmitter of information
Formal Authority
• sets standards and defines acceptable ways of doing things
Personal Model
• teaches by illustration and direct example
Facilitator
• guides and directs by asking questions, exploring options,
suggesting alternatives
Delegator
• develops students ability to function autonomously.
Grasha AF, 2002
31. More opportunities to practice
Clinical skills sessions
Problem-based learning/ problem-solving
sessions
Clinical teaching sessions
@ wards
@ OPD
@ community-based
Support group
For students
For tutors.
