Viral Load and T-Cell (CD4) Counts: Why They Matter

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CD4 counts give you and your doctor a good idea of how much damage HIV has done to your immune system. But you also need to know how fast that damage is happening. Viral load tests, which tell the doctor how much HIV is in your blood, are a very important clue to how quickly HIV is doing harm.

Health & Medicine

Viral Load and T-Cell (CD4) Counts: Why They Matter

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The number of HIV cases in Malaysia in people aged 15 to 49 are 80,000 with its current rate of doubling every three years. In Malaysia, opportunistic infections such as Cryptococcus are found to be associated with advanced HIV infection. In predicting this, a useful guide is by monitoring the CD4 + T-Lymphocyte count. Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in establishing early intracranial involvement. In malaysia 5 oppurtunity infections: TB, PCP, toxoenceph, crypto mening,Bact pneumonia (Nissapatorn 2003) According to Malaysia Ministry of Health Report year 2004; males remain the majority (93%) of reported HIV and AIDS cases (91%) within age group of 20 to 39 years. Malay teenagers and males involved in the drug addiction Another study in KL: most frequent routes of transmission were sexual contact (78.5%), followed by IDUs (30%), All females patients included in this study were a former wife to an intravenous drug users in which the virus transmission occurs through unprotected sexual relationship. This is due to poor knowledge regarding the relationship between drug addiction with HIV transmission and various routes of HIV/AIDS transmission in the community. Ignorance and being a naïve wife to those husbands involved with drug addiction also further increase HIV transmission. The objective of this study is to identify the association between CD4 count with the site and type of intracranial lesions of opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients. Results of our study: All male patients were IV drug users. Late stage of HIV infection with a CD4 count <200><50.>< 50cells/µl presenting with non focal neurological symptoms of headache or altered behaviour. The CT findings were normal in 5 scans, cerebral atrophy in 1 scan and the rest had mass lesions. Among 56 patients serological study for toxoplasmosis was done in 41 patients. Where by, 7 and 49 patients were in middle and late stage of the disease process respectively. This contribute to the high percentage of late stage patients with focal lesion as compared to those patients in middle stage of their illness (n=35 (71.4%) versus n=3 (42.9%) respectively). No statistically significant correlation observed between intracranial lesions with clinical stage of disease in this study --Professor Madya Dr. Hj. M. ABDUL KAREEM. USM, KUBANG KERIAN, KOTA BHARU, MALAYSIA

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