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NanoHacking: Converging Life and Tech at the Nanoscale

SEEING THINGS – But how big/small is 
it?
 

Dr. Marc R. Dusseiller aka dusjagr 
 

www.dusseiller.ch/labs
The Size of Things

 

 
Small seems to be the state of the 
art

 

 
Why are we so big?

“Why must our bodies be so large compared with the atom?”

Erwin Schrödinger, "What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell ", 1944
Austrian/Irish physicist and Nobel Laureate (1887 - 1961)

 

 
The Size of Things
Längenskalen in der Biologie
Computermodels

Atome, Kristalle und kleine Moleküle
Moleküle
Lipid Moleküle

Computermodels

Wichtiger Bestandteil der Zellmembran
DNA
●

Trägerin der Erbinformation

●

4 Nukleotiden

●

GATC

●

Doppelhelix

1 Umdrehung = 10 Basenpaare = 3.4 nm
Breite = 2 nm
DNA
●

Was wäre die theoretische Länge des 
menschlichen Genoms?
–

Schätzungen...
DNA
●

Was wäre die theoretische Länge des 
menschlichen Genoms?
–

–

75% non­coding regions with unknown function

–

3'200'000'000 Basenpaare

–

Diploides Genom auf 23 Chromosomen

–
●

27'000 oder 150'000 Gene, weiss man doch 
nicht so genau...

Frauen haben offenbar eine längere DNA :­)

0,34 nm/bp * 6,4 Mrd bp = 2,18 Mrd nm = 2,18 
m
DNA als Nano­LEGO Baukasten
Steifes Polymer

●

Negative Ladung

●

Self­Assembly

Computermodels

●
Proteine
Entstehen durch Translation 
von mRNA

Computermodels

●
Protein Komplexe
Zb Ribosom
–

Besteht aus Proteinen und 
Ribonukleinsäuren

–

Durchmesser 25 nm

Computermodels

●
Computermodels

Viren
Computermodels

Bakterien
Computermodels

Zellen
Zellen im Verbund
●

Extrazelluläre Matrix
Plastisches und bewegtes 
Gefüge

Computermodels

●
Einzellige Organismen

Computermodels

Pantoffeltierchen, Paramecium (Ciliate) 

Amoebae
Multicellular Microorganisms

Rotifers (1000 Cells)

Tardigrada, Bärtierchen, war 2007 im Weltraum, ESA Projekt TARDIS

Computermodels

Caenorhabditis elegans, Fadenwurm
Seeing Things

 

 
Looking at Things
Seeing with light aka your eyes

 

 
Seeing with light aka your eyes

 

 
µ Zivalice Laser Projector

 

A small drop of pond water acts as a lens, shine a laser through 
 
it and see!

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