SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  23
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
Markahan2 modyul 1 (mga pag aalsa)
Gawain 1. Pag-aalsa ni Tamblot, 1621-1622
Francisco Leandro de Viana, ―Memorial of 1765,‖ sa Blair at
Robertson 48: 248.
… it ought to be borne in mind that, from the first
years of this conquest [1521] until the one in which
we now are [1765], nearly all the provinces have
at various times rebelled and risen in arms; and
not one of … [us] doubts that for this kind of offense
the Indians ought to be punished by an increase of
their tributes, that this may serve them as a
warning and example; for they [thus] lost the right
to be treated with the mildness which their first
voluntary submission deserved.
• Anong impormasyon ang makukuha at mahihinuha mo mula sa
sipi?
• The majority of the ministers in the island
of Bohol had gone to Zebu, to celebrate
the feasts of the beatification of St. Xavier;
in their absence …. [t]he diwata,* or demon,
appeared to some Indians in the woods …
and commanded them to quit the gospel …
and the Spanish vassalage, and take
refuge in the hills; and to build him a
chapel, where he would aid them and give
them whatever they needed to pass their
lives in happiness and abundance, without
the encumbrance of paying tribute to the
Spaniards or dues to the churches.
Two or three Indians … became priests
of this diwata [one of the priests was
called Tamblot], in order to persuade the
people to apostasy and rebellion.… four
villages revolted; only Loboc (which is
the chief village) and Baclayon
remained firm in the faith, and in loyalty
to the king.
… to take away the fear which they naturally fear
toward the Spaniards, these [native] priests told
them that, if they would attack the Spaniards, the
diwata would cause the mountains to rise against
their foe; the muskets of the latter would not go
off, or else the bullets would rebound on those
who fired them; if any Indian should die, the
demon would resuscitate him; that the leaves of
the trees would be converted into saranga (a large
fish); when they cut bejucos [cane or palm], these
would distil wine instead of water; from the
banana leaves they would make fine linen; and in
short, that all would be pleasure, enjoyment, and
delight.
Information of this reached Zebu, and
immediately Don Juan de Alcarazo,
alcaldemayor of Zebu, went to quiet the
island; he invited them to make peace, for
which the rebels did not care. Their
boldness increasing, they burned the four
villages and their churches; they flung on
the ground the rosaries and crosses, and
pierced an image of the blessed Virgin
eighteen times….
Thereupon the chief ordered troops
from Zebu, fifty Spaniards and a thousand
friendly Indians…; and on New Year’s day,
1622, he began a march to the mountains,
where the insurgents were…. More than
1,500 rebel Indians attacked our vanguard…;
but when our muskets were fired so many
fell dead that the rebels began to retreat to
a bamboo thicket. When we followed them a
heavy rain fell, which encouraged the
rebels, for they said that our muskets were
then useless.
But Heaven favored our cause…. The
rebels fled into the mountains; and our
men arrived at a village of more than a
thousand houses, in the midst of which
was the temple of their diwata. Our troops
found there much food, various jewels of
silver and gold, and many bells of the sort
those people use—all of which was given to
our Indians.… Captain Alcarazo…
commanded that some of the rebels be
hanged, and published a pardon to the
rest; and he returned to Zebu, where the
victory was celebrated.
This success had very important
results, for it checked the revolt of
other islands and other villages—who
were expecting the favourable result
which the demon had promised them,
so that they could shake off the mild
yoke of Christ, and with it their
vassalage to the Spaniards.
Many of them, now undeceived,
accepted the pardon; but others, who
were stubborn, fortified themselves at
the summit of a rugged and lofty hill,
difficult of access, and closed the
road [to it] with brambles and
thorns…. Six months later the same
Don Juan Alcarazo returned, to
dislodge those rebels with forty
Spaniards and many Indians.
After suffering great hardships in making the
paths accessible, nearly all his men were hurt,
by the time they reached the fort, by the many
stones which the enemy hurled down from the
summit; but our soldiers courageously climbed
the ascent, firing their muskets, and killed many
of the rebels, putting the rest to flight. Thus was
dispersed that sedition, which was one of the
most dangerous that had occurred in the
islands—not only because the Boholanos were
the most warlike and valiant of the Indians, but
on account of the conspiracy spreading to many
other tribes.
Gawain 2. Mga Pag-aalsa ni Maniago, 1660
Padre Diaz, Conquest of the Philippine Islands
In the early days of October 1660, the loyal population
of Pampanga made their first rebellious movements –
the people being exasperated against the overseers of
the wood-cutting who had beenill-treating them. Setting
fire to the huts in which they lodged, they declared by
the light of the fierce flames, their rash intention; as
leader of their revolt appointed an Indian chief named
Francisco Maniago, a native of the village of Mexico,
who was master-of-camp for his Majesty…. the revolt
was in one of the most warlike nations of these
islands….
they presented themselves, armed in the
village of Lubao under the command of the
above-named Don Francisco Maniago….
Others gathered in a strong force in the
village of Bacolor, closing the mouths of
rivers with stakes, in order to hinder the
commerce of that province with Manila;
and they wrote letters to the provinces of
Pangasinan and Ilocos, urging them to
follow their example and throw off the
heavy yoke of the Spaniards and to kill all
the latter who might be in those provinces.
… the chief promoters of the rebellion, finding
the courage of their followers so weakened,
began to search for paths for their own safety.
They despatched our father Fray Andres de
Salazar with a letter to[Governor-General] Don
Sabiniano [Manrique de Lara], in which they
alleged, as an excuse for the disturbance, the
arrears of pay which were due them for their
services, together with the loans of their
commodities which had been taken to Manila
for the support of the paid soldiers….
In view of this, the governor offered them
14,000 pesos, on account of what was due
them, which amounted to more than 200,000
pesos. For this he sent his secretary… to
authorize two other commanders… to establish
peace and publish the general amnesty for the
past…. When the writ of amnesty was drawn up,
and the words were repeated to them in their
own language…, in reading to them these
words, ―in the name of his Majesty I grant
pardon, for the sake of avoiding all bloodshed,‖
he altered the sense of this sentence, telling
them the very opposite…. and from this resulted
fresh disturbances.
Gawain 3. Mga Pagaalsang Agraryo sa mga
Tagalog na Probinsya, 1745
Pedro Calderon Enriquez sa Blair at Robertson 48:
141-142.
By commission of this royal Audiencia,
I went to a village outside the walls of
this capital, to take measures for the
completion of a small bridge, which
was being hindered by some dispute….
I proceeded to make inquiries regarding
the lands and revenues belonging to the
village; and I found that all the
surrounding estates (on which the people
of the village were working) belonged to
a certain ecclesiastic, the Indians and
mestizos paying him rent not only for
these, but for the land occupied by their
cabins, at the rate of three pesos a year
for the married man, and one and one-
half pesos for the widow or the unmarried
man….
Juan de la Concepcion, Historia General de Philipinas,
1788-1792, sa ―Events in Filipinas,‖ 1739-1762,‖ Blair and
Robertson
With the pretext that the fathers of the Society
[of Jesus] had usurped from the cultivated
lands, and the untilled lands on the hills, on
which they kept enormous herds of horned
cattle—for which reason, and because the
Jesuits said that these were their own property,
they would not allow the natives to supply
themselves wood, rattans, and bamboos, unless
they paid fixed prices
—the Indians committed shocking acts of
hostility on the ranches of Lian and Nasugbu,
killing and plundering the tenants of those
lands, with many other ravages. Nor did they
respect the houses of the [Jesuit] fathers, but
attacked and plundered them, and partly
burned them, as well as many other buildings
independent of these…. The contagion spread
to the village of Taal, and more than sparks
were discovered in other places, although
efforts were made to conceal the fire.
Mula sa dekreto ni Haring Felipe V noong 7 Nobyembre 1751
... Don Pedro Enriquez, an auditor of that same
Audiencia, made a report... of what he has done... For
the pacification of the villages of Taguig, Hagonoy,
Parañaque, Bacoor, Cavite el Viejo, and other places…
which lie near that capital, all of which revolted. A
similar insurrection or revolt occurred in the province of
Bulacan, and these... protested… against the injuries
which the Indians received from the managers of the
estates which are owned by the religious of St. Dominic
and those of St. Augustine… – usurping the lands of the
Indians, without leaving them the freedom of the rivers
for their fishing, or allowing them to cut wood for their
necessary use, or even to collect the wild fruits; nor did
they allow the natives to pasture on the hills near their
villages the carabaos which they used for agriculture.
Accordingly [Don Pedro] determined to free
them from these oppressions, and decided
that they should not pay various unjust taxes
which the managers exacted from them..... he
demanded from the aforesaid religious orders
the titles of ownership for the lands which they
possessed; and, notwithstanding the
resistance that they made to him, repeatedly
refusing [to obey], he distributed to the villages
the lands which the orders had usurped, and all
which they held without legitimate cause he
declared to be crown lands….
He also took other measures which seemed to him
proper for the investigation of the fraudulent
proceedings in the measurement of the lands in the
estate of Biñan, which is owned by the religious of St.
Dominic—fraud which was committed in the year 1743
by the court clerk of that Audiencia [of Manila] with
notable fraud and trickery, in which participated the
two surveyors (appointed through ignorance or evil
intent), to the grave injury of the village of Silang. This
had caused the disturbances, revolts, and losses
which had been experienced in the above-mentioned
villages…. I approve, and regard as just and proper, all
that was performed by the aforesaid Don Pedro
Calderon Enriquez….
• Anu-ano ang mga sanhi ng pag-aalsa
laban sa Espanya?
• Bakit hindi nagtagumpay ang mga
pag-aalsa?

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Slaveryupdated new
Slaveryupdated newSlaveryupdated new
Slaveryupdated newccone
 
Album of the American Colonies
Album of the American ColoniesAlbum of the American Colonies
Album of the American Coloniesmaticala23
 
Spanish empires in america
Spanish empires in americaSpanish empires in america
Spanish empires in americaLindsay Nelson
 
Grupo rebolusyonario
Grupo rebolusyonarioGrupo rebolusyonario
Grupo rebolusyonarioVirna Tan
 
Tamblot revised
Tamblot revisedTamblot revised
Tamblot revisedjc118
 
The People of the Portuguese and Spanish Colonies
The People of the Portuguese and Spanish ColoniesThe People of the Portuguese and Spanish Colonies
The People of the Portuguese and Spanish ColoniesAaronbacon11
 
Hist 140 theme 3
Hist 140 theme 3Hist 140 theme 3
Hist 140 theme 3kwag929
 
Portuguese empire
Portuguese empirePortuguese empire
Portuguese empiretydevere
 
Struggle and survival In Colonial America
Struggle and survival In Colonial AmericaStruggle and survival In Colonial America
Struggle and survival In Colonial Americaaaroncito619
 
Final pt 2
Final pt 2Final pt 2
Final pt 2JonnyC08
 

Tendances (14)

Struggle And Survival
Struggle And SurvivalStruggle And Survival
Struggle And Survival
 
Slaveryupdated new
Slaveryupdated newSlaveryupdated new
Slaveryupdated new
 
Album of the American Colonies
Album of the American ColoniesAlbum of the American Colonies
Album of the American Colonies
 
Macalindong
MacalindongMacalindong
Macalindong
 
Spanish empires in america
Spanish empires in americaSpanish empires in america
Spanish empires in america
 
Grupo rebolusyonario
Grupo rebolusyonarioGrupo rebolusyonario
Grupo rebolusyonario
 
Tamblot revised
Tamblot revisedTamblot revised
Tamblot revised
 
The People of the Portuguese and Spanish Colonies
The People of the Portuguese and Spanish ColoniesThe People of the Portuguese and Spanish Colonies
The People of the Portuguese and Spanish Colonies
 
Hist 140 theme 3
Hist 140 theme 3Hist 140 theme 3
Hist 140 theme 3
 
Customs of the Tagalog
Customs of the TagalogCustoms of the Tagalog
Customs of the Tagalog
 
Portuguese empire
Portuguese empirePortuguese empire
Portuguese empire
 
Oc viz
Oc  vizOc  viz
Oc viz
 
Struggle and survival In Colonial America
Struggle and survival In Colonial AmericaStruggle and survival In Colonial America
Struggle and survival In Colonial America
 
Final pt 2
Final pt 2Final pt 2
Final pt 2
 

En vedette

Q2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanya
Q2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanyaQ2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanya
Q2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanyaRivera Arnel
 
Pag aalsa ng estadong kolonyal
Pag aalsa ng estadong kolonyalPag aalsa ng estadong kolonyal
Pag aalsa ng estadong kolonyalShiella Rondina
 
Pagaalsa at himagsikan
Pagaalsa at himagsikanPagaalsa at himagsikan
Pagaalsa at himagsikanMigi Delfin
 
Reaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismo
Reaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismoReaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismo
Reaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismoAlma Reynaldo
 
Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)
Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)
Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)Edu Ramos
 
Ang sampung utos ng diyos
Ang sampung utos ng diyosAng sampung utos ng diyos
Ang sampung utos ng diyosMBVNHS
 
Modyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastila
Modyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastilaModyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastila
Modyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastila南 睿
 
Q2 lesson 10 kilusang propaganda
Q2 lesson 10 kilusang propagandaQ2 lesson 10 kilusang propaganda
Q2 lesson 10 kilusang propagandaRivera Arnel
 
Babae sa sinaunang panahon
Babae sa sinaunang panahonBabae sa sinaunang panahon
Babae sa sinaunang panahonShiella Rondina
 
Kilusang propaganda at katipunan
Kilusang propaganda at katipunanKilusang propaganda at katipunan
Kilusang propaganda at katipunanIvy Fabro
 

En vedette (20)

Q2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanya
Q2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanyaQ2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanya
Q2 lesson 9 pag-aalsa ng mga pilipino laban sa espanya
 
Pag aalsa ni tamblot, 1621-1622
Pag aalsa ni tamblot, 1621-1622Pag aalsa ni tamblot, 1621-1622
Pag aalsa ni tamblot, 1621-1622
 
Pag aalsa ng estadong kolonyal
Pag aalsa ng estadong kolonyalPag aalsa ng estadong kolonyal
Pag aalsa ng estadong kolonyal
 
Pagaalsa at himagsikan
Pagaalsa at himagsikanPagaalsa at himagsikan
Pagaalsa at himagsikan
 
Revolt of 1857
Revolt of 1857Revolt of 1857
Revolt of 1857
 
Reaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismo
Reaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismoReaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismo
Reaksyon ng pilipino sa kristiyanismo
 
siglo19
siglo19siglo19
siglo19
 
Chapter 8
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Chapter 8
 
Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)
Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)
Hist1 V1-1R The Nativist Uprising(Tamblot)
 
Pag aalsa sa san jose
Pag aalsa sa san josePag aalsa sa san jose
Pag aalsa sa san jose
 
Andres bonifacio
Andres bonifacioAndres bonifacio
Andres bonifacio
 
Ang sampung utos ng diyos
Ang sampung utos ng diyosAng sampung utos ng diyos
Ang sampung utos ng diyos
 
Ang KKK - Hand-out
Ang KKK - Hand-outAng KKK - Hand-out
Ang KKK - Hand-out
 
Modyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastila
Modyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastilaModyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastila
Modyul 5 ang pagdating ng mga kastila
 
Q2 lesson 10 kilusang propaganda
Q2 lesson 10 kilusang propagandaQ2 lesson 10 kilusang propaganda
Q2 lesson 10 kilusang propaganda
 
R E G I O N I V A
R E G I O N  I V  AR E G I O N  I V  A
R E G I O N I V A
 
Babae sa sinaunang panahon
Babae sa sinaunang panahonBabae sa sinaunang panahon
Babae sa sinaunang panahon
 
Pag aalsa ni maniago
Pag aalsa ni maniagoPag aalsa ni maniago
Pag aalsa ni maniago
 
Kilusang propaganda at katipunan
Kilusang propaganda at katipunanKilusang propaganda at katipunan
Kilusang propaganda at katipunan
 
Graciano lopez jaena
Graciano lopez jaenaGraciano lopez jaena
Graciano lopez jaena
 

Similaire à Markahan2 modyul 1 (mga pag aalsa)

2 1a modyul final ok
2 1a modyul final ok2 1a modyul final ok
2 1a modyul final okdionesioable
 
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01diana mae Cardano
 
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01diana mae Cardano
 
Genocide of the california indians
Genocide of the california indiansGenocide of the california indians
Genocide of the california indiansSonniBlaq
 
Genocide of the california indians pt.1
Genocide of the california indians pt.1Genocide of the california indians pt.1
Genocide of the california indians pt.1SonniBlaq
 
The Puritans And Indians
The Puritans And IndiansThe Puritans And Indians
The Puritans And IndiansKatrina Duarte
 
Georgia History Chapter 4
Georgia History Chapter 4Georgia History Chapter 4
Georgia History Chapter 4devsmith07
 
William Bradford, from History of Plimouth P
William Bradford, from                     History of Plimouth PWilliam Bradford, from                     History of Plimouth P
William Bradford, from History of Plimouth POllieShoresna
 
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docxA103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docxransayo
 
Document Analysis.docx
Document Analysis.docxDocument Analysis.docx
Document Analysis.docxwrite5
 
QUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISH
QUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISHQUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISH
QUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISHjanethleguizamon
 
Ch. 3 the move north
Ch. 3   the move northCh. 3   the move north
Ch. 3 the move northDave Smith
 
Virginia history for yankees
Virginia history for yankeesVirginia history for yankees
Virginia history for yankeesEllen Brown
 
Pre Gold Rush San Francisco
Pre Gold Rush San FranciscoPre Gold Rush San Francisco
Pre Gold Rush San FranciscoDoctorSequoia
 
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdfReadings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdfgladysalvendia1
 

Similaire à Markahan2 modyul 1 (mga pag aalsa) (20)

2 1a modyul final ok
2 1a modyul final ok2 1a modyul final ok
2 1a modyul final ok
 
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
 
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
Q2modyul1gawain1 120815022900-phpapp01
 
Genocide of the california indians
Genocide of the california indiansGenocide of the california indians
Genocide of the california indians
 
The Spanish Conquest 2
The Spanish Conquest 2The Spanish Conquest 2
The Spanish Conquest 2
 
Genocide of the california indians pt.1
Genocide of the california indians pt.1Genocide of the california indians pt.1
Genocide of the california indians pt.1
 
Q1, m4
Q1, m4Q1, m4
Q1, m4
 
The Puritans And Indians
The Puritans And IndiansThe Puritans And Indians
The Puritans And Indians
 
Georgia History Chapter 4
Georgia History Chapter 4Georgia History Chapter 4
Georgia History Chapter 4
 
William Bradford, from History of Plimouth P
William Bradford, from                     History of Plimouth PWilliam Bradford, from                     History of Plimouth P
William Bradford, from History of Plimouth P
 
On the inca by de leon
On the inca   by de leonOn the inca   by de leon
On the inca by de leon
 
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docxA103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
A103Document-Based Questions (DBQ) ContentsPART ONE Fo.docx
 
Document Analysis.docx
Document Analysis.docxDocument Analysis.docx
Document Analysis.docx
 
QUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISH
QUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISHQUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISH
QUINTA DE BOLÍVAR ENGLISH
 
Ch. 3 the move north
Ch. 3   the move northCh. 3   the move north
Ch. 3 the move north
 
King Philip Essays
King Philip EssaysKing Philip Essays
King Philip Essays
 
Virginia history for yankees
Virginia history for yankeesVirginia history for yankees
Virginia history for yankees
 
Pre Gold Rush San Francisco
Pre Gold Rush San FranciscoPre Gold Rush San Francisco
Pre Gold Rush San Francisco
 
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdfReadings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
Readings-in-Philippine-History.pdf
 
GE 2.pptx
GE 2.pptxGE 2.pptx
GE 2.pptx
 

Markahan2 modyul 1 (mga pag aalsa)

  • 2. Gawain 1. Pag-aalsa ni Tamblot, 1621-1622 Francisco Leandro de Viana, ―Memorial of 1765,‖ sa Blair at Robertson 48: 248. … it ought to be borne in mind that, from the first years of this conquest [1521] until the one in which we now are [1765], nearly all the provinces have at various times rebelled and risen in arms; and not one of … [us] doubts that for this kind of offense the Indians ought to be punished by an increase of their tributes, that this may serve them as a warning and example; for they [thus] lost the right to be treated with the mildness which their first voluntary submission deserved. • Anong impormasyon ang makukuha at mahihinuha mo mula sa sipi?
  • 3. • The majority of the ministers in the island of Bohol had gone to Zebu, to celebrate the feasts of the beatification of St. Xavier; in their absence …. [t]he diwata,* or demon, appeared to some Indians in the woods … and commanded them to quit the gospel … and the Spanish vassalage, and take refuge in the hills; and to build him a chapel, where he would aid them and give them whatever they needed to pass their lives in happiness and abundance, without the encumbrance of paying tribute to the Spaniards or dues to the churches.
  • 4. Two or three Indians … became priests of this diwata [one of the priests was called Tamblot], in order to persuade the people to apostasy and rebellion.… four villages revolted; only Loboc (which is the chief village) and Baclayon remained firm in the faith, and in loyalty to the king.
  • 5. … to take away the fear which they naturally fear toward the Spaniards, these [native] priests told them that, if they would attack the Spaniards, the diwata would cause the mountains to rise against their foe; the muskets of the latter would not go off, or else the bullets would rebound on those who fired them; if any Indian should die, the demon would resuscitate him; that the leaves of the trees would be converted into saranga (a large fish); when they cut bejucos [cane or palm], these would distil wine instead of water; from the banana leaves they would make fine linen; and in short, that all would be pleasure, enjoyment, and delight.
  • 6. Information of this reached Zebu, and immediately Don Juan de Alcarazo, alcaldemayor of Zebu, went to quiet the island; he invited them to make peace, for which the rebels did not care. Their boldness increasing, they burned the four villages and their churches; they flung on the ground the rosaries and crosses, and pierced an image of the blessed Virgin eighteen times….
  • 7. Thereupon the chief ordered troops from Zebu, fifty Spaniards and a thousand friendly Indians…; and on New Year’s day, 1622, he began a march to the mountains, where the insurgents were…. More than 1,500 rebel Indians attacked our vanguard…; but when our muskets were fired so many fell dead that the rebels began to retreat to a bamboo thicket. When we followed them a heavy rain fell, which encouraged the rebels, for they said that our muskets were then useless.
  • 8. But Heaven favored our cause…. The rebels fled into the mountains; and our men arrived at a village of more than a thousand houses, in the midst of which was the temple of their diwata. Our troops found there much food, various jewels of silver and gold, and many bells of the sort those people use—all of which was given to our Indians.… Captain Alcarazo… commanded that some of the rebels be hanged, and published a pardon to the rest; and he returned to Zebu, where the victory was celebrated.
  • 9. This success had very important results, for it checked the revolt of other islands and other villages—who were expecting the favourable result which the demon had promised them, so that they could shake off the mild yoke of Christ, and with it their vassalage to the Spaniards.
  • 10. Many of them, now undeceived, accepted the pardon; but others, who were stubborn, fortified themselves at the summit of a rugged and lofty hill, difficult of access, and closed the road [to it] with brambles and thorns…. Six months later the same Don Juan Alcarazo returned, to dislodge those rebels with forty Spaniards and many Indians.
  • 11. After suffering great hardships in making the paths accessible, nearly all his men were hurt, by the time they reached the fort, by the many stones which the enemy hurled down from the summit; but our soldiers courageously climbed the ascent, firing their muskets, and killed many of the rebels, putting the rest to flight. Thus was dispersed that sedition, which was one of the most dangerous that had occurred in the islands—not only because the Boholanos were the most warlike and valiant of the Indians, but on account of the conspiracy spreading to many other tribes.
  • 12. Gawain 2. Mga Pag-aalsa ni Maniago, 1660 Padre Diaz, Conquest of the Philippine Islands In the early days of October 1660, the loyal population of Pampanga made their first rebellious movements – the people being exasperated against the overseers of the wood-cutting who had beenill-treating them. Setting fire to the huts in which they lodged, they declared by the light of the fierce flames, their rash intention; as leader of their revolt appointed an Indian chief named Francisco Maniago, a native of the village of Mexico, who was master-of-camp for his Majesty…. the revolt was in one of the most warlike nations of these islands….
  • 13. they presented themselves, armed in the village of Lubao under the command of the above-named Don Francisco Maniago…. Others gathered in a strong force in the village of Bacolor, closing the mouths of rivers with stakes, in order to hinder the commerce of that province with Manila; and they wrote letters to the provinces of Pangasinan and Ilocos, urging them to follow their example and throw off the heavy yoke of the Spaniards and to kill all the latter who might be in those provinces.
  • 14. … the chief promoters of the rebellion, finding the courage of their followers so weakened, began to search for paths for their own safety. They despatched our father Fray Andres de Salazar with a letter to[Governor-General] Don Sabiniano [Manrique de Lara], in which they alleged, as an excuse for the disturbance, the arrears of pay which were due them for their services, together with the loans of their commodities which had been taken to Manila for the support of the paid soldiers….
  • 15. In view of this, the governor offered them 14,000 pesos, on account of what was due them, which amounted to more than 200,000 pesos. For this he sent his secretary… to authorize two other commanders… to establish peace and publish the general amnesty for the past…. When the writ of amnesty was drawn up, and the words were repeated to them in their own language…, in reading to them these words, ―in the name of his Majesty I grant pardon, for the sake of avoiding all bloodshed,‖ he altered the sense of this sentence, telling them the very opposite…. and from this resulted fresh disturbances.
  • 16. Gawain 3. Mga Pagaalsang Agraryo sa mga Tagalog na Probinsya, 1745 Pedro Calderon Enriquez sa Blair at Robertson 48: 141-142. By commission of this royal Audiencia, I went to a village outside the walls of this capital, to take measures for the completion of a small bridge, which was being hindered by some dispute….
  • 17. I proceeded to make inquiries regarding the lands and revenues belonging to the village; and I found that all the surrounding estates (on which the people of the village were working) belonged to a certain ecclesiastic, the Indians and mestizos paying him rent not only for these, but for the land occupied by their cabins, at the rate of three pesos a year for the married man, and one and one- half pesos for the widow or the unmarried man….
  • 18. Juan de la Concepcion, Historia General de Philipinas, 1788-1792, sa ―Events in Filipinas,‖ 1739-1762,‖ Blair and Robertson With the pretext that the fathers of the Society [of Jesus] had usurped from the cultivated lands, and the untilled lands on the hills, on which they kept enormous herds of horned cattle—for which reason, and because the Jesuits said that these were their own property, they would not allow the natives to supply themselves wood, rattans, and bamboos, unless they paid fixed prices
  • 19. —the Indians committed shocking acts of hostility on the ranches of Lian and Nasugbu, killing and plundering the tenants of those lands, with many other ravages. Nor did they respect the houses of the [Jesuit] fathers, but attacked and plundered them, and partly burned them, as well as many other buildings independent of these…. The contagion spread to the village of Taal, and more than sparks were discovered in other places, although efforts were made to conceal the fire.
  • 20. Mula sa dekreto ni Haring Felipe V noong 7 Nobyembre 1751 ... Don Pedro Enriquez, an auditor of that same Audiencia, made a report... of what he has done... For the pacification of the villages of Taguig, Hagonoy, Parañaque, Bacoor, Cavite el Viejo, and other places… which lie near that capital, all of which revolted. A similar insurrection or revolt occurred in the province of Bulacan, and these... protested… against the injuries which the Indians received from the managers of the estates which are owned by the religious of St. Dominic and those of St. Augustine… – usurping the lands of the Indians, without leaving them the freedom of the rivers for their fishing, or allowing them to cut wood for their necessary use, or even to collect the wild fruits; nor did they allow the natives to pasture on the hills near their villages the carabaos which they used for agriculture.
  • 21. Accordingly [Don Pedro] determined to free them from these oppressions, and decided that they should not pay various unjust taxes which the managers exacted from them..... he demanded from the aforesaid religious orders the titles of ownership for the lands which they possessed; and, notwithstanding the resistance that they made to him, repeatedly refusing [to obey], he distributed to the villages the lands which the orders had usurped, and all which they held without legitimate cause he declared to be crown lands….
  • 22. He also took other measures which seemed to him proper for the investigation of the fraudulent proceedings in the measurement of the lands in the estate of Biñan, which is owned by the religious of St. Dominic—fraud which was committed in the year 1743 by the court clerk of that Audiencia [of Manila] with notable fraud and trickery, in which participated the two surveyors (appointed through ignorance or evil intent), to the grave injury of the village of Silang. This had caused the disturbances, revolts, and losses which had been experienced in the above-mentioned villages…. I approve, and regard as just and proper, all that was performed by the aforesaid Don Pedro Calderon Enriquez….
  • 23. • Anu-ano ang mga sanhi ng pag-aalsa laban sa Espanya? • Bakit hindi nagtagumpay ang mga pag-aalsa?