Workshop 2016 Genebank IT - Barcode KIT

I L R I C A M P U S , A D D I S A B A B A E T H I O P I A
NOVEMBER 21, 2016
First Workshop for IT Staff
on Barcodes and GRIN-Global
Edwin Rojas (CIP)
Genebank Data System Manager
Barcode KIT
Components

Agenda: Barcode KIT
• Genebank Environment
• Technologies for System Identifications
• CIP Barcode KIT: Evolution & Status
• Barcode KIT Concepts
• Barcode KIT Components
• Barcode KIT Maintenance
• Barcode Key Benefits

Key Solution: Use Barcode KIT to Improve data collection & capture data where activities occur
Cold Chambers/
Laboratories
Greenhouses Field
Genebank Environment

Genebank Environment
Key Solution: Use the power of automatation throught mobile computing
Increase Genebank visibility to facilitate Germplasm Tracking/Monitoring

Technologies for Systems Identification
Lower
Higher
$
GPS
(Wide Area)
Barcode
(1D & 2D)
Passive RFID
(Short Range)
One thousand labels:
with RFID: 150 dollars
with Barcode: 7 dollars
Active RFID
(Local Area)
Read/Detection Range
Movement
Cars, Trucks, Ships
Containers
Truck Trailers, Pallets
Genetic Resources
Seeds, Tubers, In Vitro,
DNA, Herbarium, Cryo
Genetic Resources
In Vitro, Samples In Labs.

Agenda
• Technologies for System Identifications
• Genebank Environment
• CIP Barcode KIT: Evolution & Status
• Barcode KIT Concepts
• Barcode KIT Components
• Barcode KIT Maintenance
• Barcode Key Benefits
• RFID KIT Benefits & Disadvantages
• RFID KIT Components

Barcode KIT Concepts:
Barcode Types, Symbologies, Label Information
Machine-readable: Is the barcode that represent information interpreted by the scanner.
Human-readable: Text in numeric or alphanumeric with different font types and sizes.

Barcode KIT Concepts: Symbologies
Barcode is a machine-readable representation of information.
This representation is a symbology; when is scanned the symbology enabled the
information to be read accurately
Barcode
Types
Symbologies Description
1D (linear) Code 39 Can encode both numeric and alpha data
Code 128 For a wider selection of characters arose than Code
39
2D Data Matrix
A Data Matrix Code is a two-dimensional (2D) code
that consists of black and white modules. Capacity to
recover 20-30% of data
Though usually for small size items
For asset tracking, identification and data-driven
applications, traditional Data Matrix Codes are
generally the best choice.
Data Matrix Code can store large amounts of data for
encoding, making them appropriate for a wide variety
of applications.
QR
A QR Code is another type of 2D code that consists
of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a
white background. Capacity to recover 20-30% of
data
Can encode long numeric data, alpha data and raw
data like photos (binary).
QR Codes can be useful when software programs are
not available through a scanner, but can be reached
through a website. By scanning the QR code, the
data is then transferred to the site where it is entered.

Barcode 1D parts
Code 39 and 128: 1. Quiet Zone
2. Start Character
3. Encoded Data
4. Check Character
5. Stop Character
6. Quiet Zone

Barcode 2D parts
Recognition area (red color): To identify the symbology and inform
the decoder how to decode it (like version, masks etc).
Black and White Modules
Smallest: 21x21 modules
Largest: 144x144 modules
Black Modules
Smallest: 10x10 modules
Largest: 177x177 modules
QR and Datamatrix both can be used free of any licensing or royalties.

Barcode 2D QR and their 6 parts
QR and DataMatrix both of them use the Reed Solomon system to
recover damaged part of the code data. 20% to recover in the
case of DataMatrix. 1. Quiet zone: An empty white border that makes it
possible to isolate the code from among other
printed information (for example, on a dirty
envelope, among the black and white print of a
newspaper, or on smudged product packaging).
2. Finder patterns: Large black and white squares
in three of the corners make it easy to confirm that
this is a QR code (and not, say, an Aztec code).
Since there are only three of them, it's immediately
obvious which way up the code is and which angle
it's pointing at (unless the code is partly obscured
or damaged in some way).
3. Alignment pattern: This ensures the code can be
deciphered even if it's distorted (viewed at an
angle, printed on a curved surface (vessels,
cryotube, ependorf), and so on).

Barcode 2D QR and their 6 parts
4. Timing pattern: This runs horizontally and
vertically between the three finder patterns and
consists of alternate black and white squares. The
timing pattern makes it easy to identify the individual
data cells within a QR code and is especially useful
when the code is damaged or distorted.
5. Version information: There are various different
versions of the QR code standard; the version
information (positioned near two of the finder
patterns) simply identifies which one is being used
in a particular code.
6. Data cells: Each individual black or white square
that's not part of one of the standard features (the
timing, alignment, and other patterns) contains
some of the actual data in the code.

Barcode KIT Concepts: Comparison
Barcode 1D and 2D Comparisons
Barcode type
Information
density
Information
capacity Information type
Error
correction
function
1D Low Small
Numbers, Letters, Specials
characters, English Yes/No
2D High Big
Numbers, Letters, Specials
characters, English, Chinese,
pictures, voice and other binary
information Yes
2D barcode QR DataMatrix
Data capacity (estimation) 1 3
For small items No Yes
Barcode shape Square only Any rectangle
Encoding efficiency Normal High
Savable information
Text, symbols and small
images Text, symbols, colorful pictures and even voice
Intellectual property rights Japan US

Barcode KIT Concepts: Print Technologies
Dot matrix Laser Thermal transfer or
Direct Thermal

Laser
• Advantages
• Laser printers are good at producing plain-paper documents that require bar codes.
• They can print high-quality text and graphics on paper documents and can double
as a document printer when not being used to print bar codes.
• Bar code density and resolution are also quite high on laser printers, resulting in a
scannable code at virtually any wavelength using an infrared scanner.
• Limitations
• Laser printers are not well suited for industrial or individual-product labeling
applications. They can be wasteful.
• Laser printer label adhesives must be carefully selected to ensure stability under the
heat and pressure of the fuser.
• A laser-printed paper label has limited durability.
• With laser printers, toner, drum and supply costs can increase high when printing
bar codes instead of typical text.

Direct Thermal
• Thermal printing is classified as either direct thermal or thermal transfer
• Direct thermal printing is an old technology, originally designed for
copiers and fax machines, that utilizes chemically coated paper
• Advantages:
• Direct thermal printing produces sharp print quality with good scannability.
• Direct thermal is ideal for applications requiring only a short shelf life—meaning the
label image does not need to last very long. Shipping labels and receipts are ideal
applications, for instance.
• Direct thermal printers are simple to operate compared to most other print
technologies, with no ink, toner or ribbon to monitor or replenish.
• With no supplies to replace other than the material to be printed, long-term
maintenance costs remain low.
• Direct thermal printers, like thermal transfer, are typically built more durably than dot
matrix or laser printers, allowing reliable operation in genebanks. Shorter label
image life limits their applications compared to thermal transfer printers.
Label

Direct Thermal
Label
• Limitations:
• Direct thermal printing is extremely sensitive to environmental conditions such as
heat and light (fluorescent and/or direct sunlight)
• Direct thermal paper remains chemically active after printing. Because of this,
thermal labels, tags or ticket stock are often top-coated to resist UV light exposure,
chemicals and abrasion.

Thermal Transfer
Ribbon
Label

Thermal Transfer
• The thermal printhead transfers the ink onto the label surface, where it
cools and anchors to the media surface. The polyester ribbon is then peeled
away, leaving behind a stable, passive image.
• Advantages:
• Thermal transfer delivers high definition text, graphic, and bar code print
quality for maximum readability and scannability.
• Thermal transfer printing produces longlife image stability.
• Long-term maintenance costs are low compared to dot matrix and laser
printing.
• Thermal transfer technology can print on a nearly unlimited variety of
media stock layouts
• Thermal transfer printers are typically built more durably than dot matrix
or laser printers, allowing reliable operation in industrial and genebanks.
Ribbon
Label

Thermal Transfer
Ribbon
Label
• Limitations:
• Since thermal transfer printers require ribbon, supply costs are
higher than direct thermal.
• Thermal transfer printheads last longer than direct thermal.
• Single-pass thermal transfer ribbon can be wasteful if little is printed
on it.
• To obtain optimum print quality in thermal transfer printing, the
ribbon and media substrate MUST be compatible. Otherwise, the
heat from the printhead could melt the ribbon onto the label causing
internal printer problems.

Technology Print Quality
Scanner
Readability
Initial
installation Cost
Long-Term
Maintenance
Cost
Material
Waste
To print is
needed to
learn a
printing
language
Dot Matrix Fair Low Low/ Moderate Moderate/ High High No
Laser Moderate Moderate Moderate/ High Moderate/ High High No
Direct Thermal
Moderate/
Excellent
Moderate/
Excellent Moderate/ High Low Low Yes
Transfer
Thermal Excellent Excellent Moderate/ High Low Low Yes

IP Protection Class
IP protection classes is classification system to define how and
where an electronical device can be used without getting a
safety risk, to protect for against contact and infiltration of
water and dirt.
Example: The mobile printer Zebra ZQ510 has IP64

IP Protection Class
IP Classes:

Product: PocketPC for Labs
Manufacture: Motorola
Model: Series MC67NA
Classification: IP64 Product: Mobile Barcode Printer
Manufacture: Zebra
Model: ZQ510
Classification: IP64
Product: PocketPC for Field
Model: Series MC9590
Video 1 Video 2
IP Protection Class

Product: Handheld Scanner
Model: DS6707SR
Product: Desktop Barcode and RFID Printer
Manufacture: Zebra
Model: Series ZT400
Classification: Rugged metal frame and case for
demanding activities
IP Protection Class

Barcode KIT Concepts: Scanning Technologies
Scanning barcodes
• First generation:
with scanner’s laser (linear light)
• Second generation:
with 2D Imaging (squared light)
• Take a photo and process with the
imager engine
• Read faster than linear scanner
• Read in different positions
• Can read damaged barcodes

A hand-held barcode reader includes a laser scanning module and a two
dimensional image sensor and processing for reading a barcode. The laser
scanner assists the 2D image processing by providing information on location,
type, range, reflectivity, and presence of bar code for 2D reading. Additionally,
the 2D imaging reading operation is improved by using the laser scan as a
spotter beam for aiming.
Barcode KIT Concepts: Scanning Technologies

The barcode KIT refers to the components of a identification system needed to
implement a barcode system for automatic identification and data collection based in
a mobile solution. Rojas, E. (2006)
1. Mobile Computer: Data Collection, Data Query and Print Barcodes
General features: Rugged device (IP64), 1D/2D barcode scanner
incorporated, wireless connection, Bluetooth connection, scanner no
need to align barcode and aiming pattern and include color camera
Product: PocketPC for Laboratories
Model: Series MC67NA, Cost: 2500USD
Device specifications in compliance with CIP standard's :
Wireless LAN: 802.11 a/b/g and Bluetooth class 2
Platform: Microsoft Windows Mobile 6.5 Classic to develop in Visual Studio 2008
Camera color 8 Megapixel, autofocus
Scanner 2D IMAGER SE-4500
Audio speaker, receiver, microphone, headset jack
Screen PENTILE 3.5” Color VGA super bright 650 Nits
Digital touch screen
Memory RAM: 256 MB
Memory FLASH: 1 GB
CPU Intel MARVELL PXA 320@ 806 Mhz
Two Battery Litio-ion rechargeable 3,600 mAh (3.7V)
Keyboard: QWERTY 20 keys
IP64: Multiple 6 ft./1.8 m drops and complete protection against dust and splashing liquids
Interface USB to communicate with host
Innovation to improve Genebank activities, providing cutting edge technology
Barcode KIT Components: PocketPC

Barcode KIT Components:
Handheld Scanner
2. Gun Handheld Scanner: Capture Germplasm Identificacion
General features: Support 1D and 2D barcode, 1.3 megapixel digital
camera and document scanner, superior digital imaging technology.
Product: Gun handheld scanner
Model: Series DS6707-SR , Cost: 350USD
Device specifications in compliance with CIP standard's :
Weight: 182 g
Sealing: IP41 (Water and Dust Resistant)
Drop Specifications: Withstands multiple 6 ft. (1.8m) drops to concrete
Light Source: Aiming: 650 nm laser diode and Illumination 630 nm LED
Maximum range: 25.00 cm

Barcode KIT Components: Label types
Type 1
Square labels for
seed envelopes or in
vitro vessels
Stick-ins labels for
pots
Self-tie labels for field
Square labels for
crossing plants in
greenhouses

Barcode KIT Components: Label types
Type 2
Type 3

Barcode KIT Components: Label installation

Barcode KIT Components: Label
3. Labels with Barcode: Germplasm Identification
General features: Designed for barcodes, resistant labels for different
environments like cold chambers and greenhouses, use pre-cut
labels, select labels with glue removable or permanent, use label
colors to facilitate germplasm groups identification.
Product: Polypropylene Labels
Manufacture: Zebra
Supplies specifications in compliance with CIP standards :
Auto adhesive removable glue labels of polypropylene for cold chambers in active collection with
wax/resin ribbon (Cost: 1000 labels 10USD)
Auto adhesive permanent glue labels of polyester for cold chambers in long term collection
(Svalbard) with resin ribbons
Self-Tie labels for fields (1000 labels to 23USD)
Stick-ins labels for greenhouses (1000 labels to 20USD)

3. Labels with Barcode: Germplasm Identification
Stick-ins Label
(Pointend end Label)Self-tie Label
Self Adhesive Label

3. Labels with Barcode: Germplasm Identification special labels
Special Self Adhesive Label
Product: Label 8000T Cryocool (350 labels to 100USD)
Manufacture: Zebra
Print method: Thermal transfer
Polypropylene label with a cold-temp permanent acrylic
adhesive that offers extremely low-temperature
performance down to -320° F.
Cryogenic applications involving a deep freezing process;
medical labs, hospitals.
Product: Label PolyPro 4000D (350 labels to 10USD)
Manufacture: Zebra
Print method: Direct thermal
Polypropylene label with an all-temp permanent acrylic
adhesive
that allows label to be applied to surfaces as cold as -40° F;
meets FDA 175.105 indirect food contact requirements.
Indoor, general-purpose labeling; houseware goods labeling;
cold storage; provides good resistance to common industrial
cleaning solutions.

Selection Criteria for Labels
IML Provider

Selection Criteria for labels
Zebra provider, using the media guide
(8/12)

(9/12)

(10/12)

(11/12)

(12/12)

IML Provider

Barcode KIT Components: Ribbon
4. Ribbon for Barcode n Thermal Transfer : Germplasm Identification Supplies
Stick-ins Label
(Pointend end Label)
Self-tie Label
Self Adhesive LabelProduct: Ribbon Wax (20USD)
Model: 5319 PERFORMANCE
Manufacture: Zebra Product: Ribbon Wax/Resin, 3200 PERFORMANCE (35USD)
Product: Ribbon Resin, 5095 PERFORMANCE (65USD)
Manufacture: Zebra
Product: Ribbon Wax (20USD)
Model: 5319 PERFORMANCE
Manufacture: Zebra

Barcode KIT Components: Ribbon Installation

Barcode KIT Components: Printer Sensors

Barcode KIT Components: Printer Sensors
Printer Type Media Sensors Print
Technology
Desktop printer:
Media thickness: 0.05 to 0.25 mm
Transmissive media sensor
and reflective media sensor
Direct thermal and
thermal transfer
Mobile printer:
Media thickness: 0.05 to 0.16 mm
Transmissive and reflective
media sensor
Only direct thermal
Transmissive sensor: To detect start/end of label using visible inter-label gaps, notches or pre-punched holes
Reflective sensor: To detect start/end of label when reaches a black mark appearing on the reverse side of the label stock

Barcode KIT Components: Software to print
Printing on your Desktop from Excel Files.
Zebra Designer Pro = $275

Barcode KIT Components : Improving Productivity
Field: In-Situ or Ex-Situ Conservation
Automation of procedures increases efficiency and allow personnel to be
employed in other activities.
In Office Sowing Evaluation Harvest In Office
Eliminate manual paper operations to reduce human error and labor cost
Barcode data collection is faster than manual collection
Adoption of superior method for data entry is needed: Barcode produces greater than 99.9% data accuracy
Skilled typists make one error approximately every 300 keystrokes
Write/Cut
Labels
Print
Field Book
Read & Write
on Paper
Write on Paper
Read & Write
on Paper
Read Paper &
Re-Write on PC
Print Labels
Upload
Field Book
Scan & Update
Field Book
Scan & Update
Field Book
Scan & Update
Field Book
Download
Field Book

Desktop Printer
5. Desktop Label Printer: Print Identification
General features: Good quality print for text and barcode, robust
printer, support 1D, 2D & RFID encode, long life image stability, low
maintenance cost, support different labels layout and thickness
Product: Desktop barcode printer
Manufacture: Zebra
Model: Series ZT410 , Cost: 1500USD
Device specifications in compliance with CIP standards :
Print method: Support thermal transfer and direct thermal
Resolution with 300 dpi (12 dots/mm)
Label thickness <= 225 micron
Maximum Print Width: 4.09"/104 mm
Support broad range of barcode symbologies: Linear and 2-Dimensional
Support RFID: Supports tags compatible with UHF
Rugged metal frame and case for demanding activities
Many connectivity choices including USB, wireless 802.11 b/g, Ethernet, parallel and Bluetooth
Media types: black mark, continuous, die-cut, fanfold, notched, perforated, tag stock
Label sensors: Transmissive and reflective media sensors
Capacity to print: Text, images and barcodes
Memory 256 MB RAM memory (4 MB User Available)
Memory 512 MB Flash memory (64 MB User Available)

Desktop Printer
5. Desktop Label Printer: Print Identification
Pre-cut Self Adhesive
Labels
Self-Tie Labels Pointed End Labels Continue Self Adhesive
Labels

Barcode KIT Components: Access Point Antenna
WiFi
6. Wireless Networking: Transfer Data
Product: Access Point
Manufacture: CISCO
Model: Series Aironet 2700 series

Barcode KIT Post Service Maintenance:
Select the manufacture and the local provider
Zebra
(Printers & barcodes)
Motorola (Symbol)
(Handhelds &
Scanners)
Local Representative
of Provider
(DMS Peru)
Vendor’s technology meet the key
requirements of the projects ?
8 8 8
Is the products built to provide
flexibility and agility for handling
future requirements and changes ?
7 7 7
Does the product leverage open
standards? Industry standards?
7 7 7
Is the development platform open?
Easy to find resources?
8 8 6
Does the product meet your security
requirements?
8 8 7
Does the vendor have a reputation of
trust? - - 7
How long has the vendor been in
business?
What does its balance sheet look
like?
9 9 8
Evaluation from 1 to 10

Barcode KIT Post Service Maintenance:
Select the manufacture and the local provider
Zebra
(Printers &
barcodes)
Motorola (Symbol)
(Handhelds &
Scanners)
Local Representative
of Provider
(DMS Peru)
Does the vendor understand your
industry?
My business?
8 8 5
Does the vendor have the
maintenance and
support services you need for the
long haul?
8 8 8
Can you work with this vendor
and do you want to?
8 8 8
Evaluation from 1 to 10

Barcode KIT Key Benefits on Genebanks
1. Accuracy
Bar coding increases accuracy by reducing the likelihood of human
errors from mislabeled (write on labels) or misread germplasm. Good
print quality is important to ensure that the scanner can accurately
read the bar code, thermal printing is needed
2. Improved Productivity (electonique track)
Automation of daily procedures increases efficiency and allows
personnel to be employed in other activities. Bar coding also can
improve genebank quality by improving the monitoring and tracking of
conservation, characterization and distribution processes

Barcode KIT Key Benefits on Genebanks
3. Timely Feedback
Data is captured in real-time when evaluating the conservation, distribution and
pathogen elimination process, enabling decisions to be made from current
information by curators and managers
4. Uniform Data Collection
Standardized bar code symbologies and compliance labeling ensure that bar
code information is captured and relayed in a fashion that is universally
understood and accepted, for example when germplasm is moved between
laboratories, in addition GS1 standards help in this issue when germplasm goes
outside of genebank (for international distributions and Svalbard)
5. Ease of Use
With the proper hardware and software (barcode KIT) in place, the automation
provided by a bar code system greatly simplifies information collection,
processing and tracking

1. PocketPC RFID Sled: Capture Germplasm Identification
General features: Support 1D and 2D barcode, Support Gen 2 with
UHF
Product: RFID Sled for MC55, MC65 & MC67 PocketPC
Model: RFD 5500 UHF RFID Sled, Cost: 1800USD
Device specifications:
Weight: 395 g
Humidity: 5-85% non-condensing
Drop Specifications: 4 ft./1.2 m drop to concrete across the operating
temperature range
Antenna type: Integrated – Omni-directional

2. Handheld RFID Reader: Capture Germplasm Identification and Locate
General features: Support 1D and 2D barcode, Support Gen 2 with UHF
Product: Handheld Reader RFID
Model: DS9808-R, Cost: 1500USD
Weight: 485 g
Light source: 650nm Led
Drop Specifications: 4 ft./1.2 m drop to concrete across the operating
Scan angle: 40 grades +- 3 grades
Antenna type: Integrated – Directional

3. Printer RFID: Print and encode Germplasm Identification
General features: Print 1D and 2D barcode, Encode Gen 2 with UHF
Product: Printer RFID
Manufacture: Zebra
Model: ZT410 RFID, Cost: 1700 USD
Weight: 16.33 Kg

4. Wall Reader RFID: Germplasm Identification and Location
General features: High performance RFID Data Capture
Product: Wall Reader RFID
Model: FX9500, Cost: 2000USD
Weight: 2.13 Kg
IP53
Frequency: UHF

5. Antenna RFID: Germplasm Identification extension and Location
General features: High performance RFID Antenna
Product: Antenna RFID
Model: AN440, Cost: 300USD
Weight: 1.9 Kg
IP67
Frequency: UHF
Coverture: 70 grades

-Inventory in real time
-Tracking material movement in real time – electronic track
-It is clear that RFID will be the technology most often used to link "things"—tools, jigs,
containers, subassemblies, finished products and so forth— to corporate networks
so they can be tracked and managed
-The real value would be created by connecting items to the corporate networks:
Intranet of things
-Work in parallel with 1D and 2D barcodes
-Can not work with envelope folks
-Systematically plan a pilot for future potential implementation

Demo, installation, configuration and test
Barcode KIT Components
Go ahead

Thanks
and Spark your Imagination !

The International Potato Center (known by its Spanish acronym CIP) is
a research-for-development organization with a focus on potato, sweetpotato,
and Andean roots and tubers. CIP is dedicated to delivering sustainable
science-based solutions to the pressing world issues of hunger, poverty,
gender equity, climate change and the preservation of our Earth’s fragile
biodiversity and natural resources.
www.cipotato.org
CIP is a member of CGIAR
CGIAR is a global agriculture research partnership for a food secure future. Its
science is carried out by the 15 research centers who are members of the
CGIAR Consortium in collaboration with hundreds of partner organizations.
www.cgiar.org

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