This document provides an overview of physical forestry resources. It begins by defining what a forest is as a community of trees, shrubs, herbs and other plants that cover a considerable area. It then discusses the different types of forests found around the world, including tropical evergreen forests and mangrove forests. The document outlines the structure and importance of forests, noting they regulate temperature, prevent soil erosion, and provide habitat for wildlife. It also discusses threats to forests like deforestation and provides suggestions for forest conservation and ways individuals can help protect forests.

1. Physical Resources - Forestry Presented by Mr. D. Gooden

2. PHYSICALRESOURCES FORESTRY

3. Revision Exercise Ok students, tell me, what do you remember “resources” to be?

4. How about physical resources? Very good! What two categories are physical resources classified into?

5. Good! Tell me now, what is the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources? Very Good!

6. FOREST Today we will look at a very precious but delicate resource – the forest. This resource regulates the world’s temperature. The forest is said to be the “lungs of the earth”. What do you think this means? The world’s environment owes much of its state of health to the presence of forests. So too does human survival and welfare.

7. A forest is a community of trees, shrubs, herbs, and associated plants and organisms that cover a considerable area that use oxygen, water and soil nutrients as the community attains maturity and reproduces itself. WHAT IS A FOREST?

8. TYPES OF FOREST There are different types of forests which can be seen in different parts of the world.

9. TYPES OF FOREST Though they may be different, they generally perform the same ecological functions. These types of forests are:

10. 1. TROPICAL EVER GREEN FORESTS

11. 2. TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FOREST Trees that shed leaves annually

13. MANGROOVE FORESTS

14. STRUCTURE OF THE FOREST

15. IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS Dry hay or Straw etc. used as animal food. 1.They provide raw materials for certain industry. 2. They provide food, fodder, fuel, fertilizer and fibre. 3. They prevent soil erosion and preserve the fertility of the soil. 4. They provide moisture and lower the temperature.

16. IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS They are the home for many animals and birds, thus , they preserve the biodiversity. They maintain the ecological balance. They provide medicinal value resulting in the making of many medicinal drugs. Forests also help to alleviate psychological stress arising from the trials of modern society.

17. IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS 9. They provide the opportunity for relaxation and meditation – can lead to the development of eco-tourism.

18. Habitats of the Forests There are many creatures that depend on the forest for their survival. Should this precious habitat be destroyed, they will become extinct for they will not be able to survive anywhere else.

19. Habitats of the Forests WILD LIFE - means the native animals of a region ENDANGERED SPECIES -These are the species, which are in danger of extinction and which may not survive if the adverse factors continue to rotate. VULNERABLE SPECIES - The species likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if the causal adverse factors continue to operate.

20. Habitats of the Forests RARE SPECIES - These are the species with small population in the world and are at risk. THREATENED SPECIES - These are Species, which are in any one of the Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare Species categories.

21. THREATENED REPTILES, BIRDS & MAMMALS IN JAMAICA

22. REASONS FOR DEPLETION OF WILDLIFE Absence of shelter to wild animals. Deforestation Destruction of wild plants which affects the survival of wild animals Pollution

23. Why is it necessary to conserve Wild Life? The wild life helps us in maintaining balance of nature. It can increase our foreign exchange if linked with tourism. The preservation of wild life helps to make their study easy. The wild life of the Caribbean is our cultural asset and had deep rooted effect on Caribbean art, sculpture and religion.

25. Wow! What a mouthful!Let’s now look at theROLE OF THE FOREST

27. Prevents soil erosion

28. Prevents flooding

29. Maintains the composition of the atmosphere

31. Provides medicinal remedies

32. Recreation

34. CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION Forest fires – caused by careless persons Shifting cultivation which destroys large areas of forests Excessive logging activities Housingwhich results in the destruction of trees to meet people’s demand for shelter Removal of vegetation for mining purposes

35. CONSERVATION OF FORESTS Design certain areas as forest reserves Controlled cutting of trees – this allows for only certain mature trees to be logged A massive reafforestation programme – that is replanting trees in areas that were once forested areas Education compaign to sensitize people of the importance of forests Strict and severe penaltiesfor illegal lumbering

36. What can I do personally to protect the forest? Avoid destroying trees unnecessarily; Be careful with matches and cigarette butts in and adjacent to grassy and wooded areas; Recycle materials obtained from the forest; Plant trees for beautification and to commemorate special events;

37. What can I do personally to protect the forest? Help to put out wild fires whenever possible; Do not hunt wildlife excessively, especially pregnant females and the young; Get involved in environmental issues through word and action.

38. We have come to the end.