İZLANDA CIP PROJESİ KÜMELENME SUNUMU

1. Clustering in Iceland and Expectations
from CDCM Project
(CAPACITY DEVELOPMET FOR CLUSTER MANAGERS (CDCM) PROJECT)
6 February 2012,
Hallgrímur Jónasson,
General Director,
Rannís

2. Agenda
• Elementary facts about Iceland
• Who is Rannís?
• R&D Clusters Rannís finances;
– Strategic Research Programme, Centres of Excellence & Research Clusters
• Other main clusters in Iceland
• Expectations from the Project

3. Iceland
Elementary facts!
http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad

4. Ocean currents and biological
fertility make Iceland very suitable
for fishing. The quota system is an
attempt to preserve sustainability
of the resource.

5. Iceland´s Hydropower Energy towards
Complete Renewability

6. Iceland´s Geothermal Energy, Geothermal
Heat Has Many Forms

7. A Society with more than 80% Renewables
Sources of primary energy
100 Oil and Gas
Nuclear Nuclear
90 Fossil
Fuels
80
70
60
Fossil Fossil
Per cent
50 Fuels Fuels
40 Renewables
30
20 Coal
10
Renewables
Renewables
0 Renewables
WORLD OECD ICELAND

8. Export Income 2009
Total: 711 Bill. ISK
Other services
8,2%
Marine products
29,3%
Transport
12,6% Agriculture
1,1%
Tourism
9,3% Power intensive
industries
25,8%
Other production
5,8%
Manufacturing
products
7,9%
Source: Statistics Iceland

9. Export/Import in 2009
Market Area
%
85
90
80 70
70
60
50
Export
40 Import
30
19
20
8
6 4 4 6
10
0
Europe U.S.A. Japan Other
Source: Statistics Iceland

10. Putting the Crisis in Perspective

11. “Iceland will be fine”,
World Economic Forum Ranking

12. Who is Rannís?
Rannís reports to the Ministry of Education, Science and
Culture with the purpose of providing professional assistance
in the preparation and implementation of science and
technology policy in Iceland.
Its main functions are:
• Operation of the financial support system for research and technological
development.
• Provision of services and information to the Science and Technology Policy Council
and its sub-committees.
• Coordinating and promoting Icelandic participation in collaborative international
projects in science and technology.
• Monitoring resources and performance in R&D, and evaluating the results of
scientific research, technological development and innovation.
• Promoting public awareness of research and innovation in Iceland.
• Rannís serves the Icelandic science community across all areas of science, as well
as the humanities.

13. Science and Technology Policy Governance
ALÞINGI (Parliament)
Prime Minister's Office
Science and Technology Policy Council
(Four ministers plus sixteen representatives)
Ministry of Education, Science and Culture Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism
Science Board Technology Board
Icelandic Research
The Icelandic Centre Technology Development
Fund
Fund
for Research
Equipment Fund
Rannís
The Innovation Center
Icelandic Research Iceland
Other funds:
Fund for Graduate Icelandic Student Innovation Fund
Students etc.

14. Rannís Budget 2011
Of the part allocated to R&D in the Icelandic national budget, the share
awarded to Rannís (operation + funds) has increased since 2002 from 8%
to 17%.
• Rannís funds:
– The Icelandic Research Fund 782,5 MISK
– The Equipment Fund 107,0 MISK
– The Technology Development Fund 830 MISK
– The Icelandic Research Fund for Graduate Students 96 MISK
– The Icelandic Student Innovation Fund 50 MISK
– The Fund for Non-fiction Writers 13 MISK
– Strategic Research programme for Centres of Excellence
and Research Clusters 160 MISK
– Strategic Research Programme for Post Genomic
Biomedicine and Nano-science and Nanotechnology 130 MISK
– Private Funds (five different funds), philanthropic funds – amount is
dependent on interest rates.
• Including operational cost Rannís has 2,400 MÍSK or 15,0 M €.

15. R&D Expenditure as a Share of GDP
from 2005 to 2009
4.5
4.0
3.5
Finnland Finland
3.0
Svíþjóð Sweden
Danmörk Denmark
2.5
Bandaríkin USA
Þýskaland Germany
2.0
Ísland Iceland
Frakkland France
Bretland UK
1.5
Noregur Norway
OECD OECD
1.0
ESB 27 ESB 27
0.5
0.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

16. Cluster Definition?
• In economic and innovation policy the term “cluster” is
usually used to explain geographical concentrations of
economic and innovation activities.
• …clusters support economic development through the
specialization of regions in activities within which
companies gain higher productivity through accessing
external economies of scale or other comparative
advantage. (Lammer-Gamp, tomas/Meier zu Köcker, Gerd/Christensen, tomas Alslev, 2011:Clusters are
Individuals. Creating Economic Growth through Cluster Policies for Cluster Management Excellence, Danish Ministry of
Research, Innovation and Higher Education/Competence networks Germany, Copenhagen/Berlin”).
• In a cluster there is a system of interconnected firms and
institution whose value as a whole is greater than the sum
of its part (2+2>4).
• What seems to lack in this description the imprtance of
“cooperation and competition”.

17. Present and potential clusters in Iceland
Aluminium
Iceland Oceanic cluster
Geothermal
Tourism
cluster
Health Care Growth
Cluster Agreement,
R&D (Vaxtarsamningar)
(GEORG,
IIIM,
EDDA)

18. • Strategic Research Program for Centres
of Excellence and Research Clusters

19. Strategic Research Program for Centres of
Excellence and Research Clusters 2009-2015
• Initiated by the Science and Technology Policy Council in
Iceland (STPC)
• The STPC called on the research community to propose
research programme/project that takes into account the
challenges facing the Icelandic knowledge society, and to ...
encourage cooperation between different actors to
promote value creation and investment in research for
social and economic development
• By end of 2008 the STPC announced a strategic programme
to fund Centres of Excellence and Research Clusters
• Maximum four centres/clusters would be funded for seven
years with a total budget of 1,1 billion ISK (7,0 million €)
• The first real attempt to found Centres of Excellence

20. Selected Clusters
• Three proposals were selected and offered
a grant;
– GEORG – GEOthermal Research Group
• (70 m(0,44 m €)/year - http://georg.hi.is)
– EDDA – Gender, Equality and Diversity Research
• (35 m (0,2 m €)/year – http://stofnanir.hi.is/gendiv)
– IIIM – Icelandic Institute for Intelligent
Machines
• (55 m (0,35 m €)/year – http://www.iiim.is/)
– Funding is for 7 years, an external assessment
will be performed after 3 years, (2012).

21. Strategic Research Program for Centres of
Excellence and Research Clusters
INDICATORS
• Output : Publications, Trainees, Start-ups.
• Results: Increased number of scientists in specific
fields, Increased number of jobs, Increased
number of start-ups, Educational
benefits, International cooperation
• Impact: Sustainable clusters in the supported
areas, Social and economic impact, Increased
competitiveness in supported areas, International
networking

22. GEORG, GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH GROUP

23. GEORG, ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

24. Main objectives

25. GEORG, SUMMARY
• Geothermal Areas are diverse
– That requires interdisiplinary approach
– GEORG holds a significant experience, among its
partners, in utilizing geothermal energy
– Large opportunities in the utilization of geothermal energy
• Geothermal Energy can offer
– Reduction in Green House Gases
– Improved quality of life
– Cleaner environment
– Saving of oil/gas resources
• Geothermal is a Sustainable Renewable Energy Source
if the Reservoir is Managed Properly

26. Icelandic Institute for Intelligent Machines, IIIM
Iceland's center for research on advanced artificial intelligence, robotics and simulation

28. IIIM Director’s Collaboration with HONDA
Kristinn R. Thorisson recently appeared on RÚV news
(Icelandic National Broadcasting Service) sharing his
experience on doing research in collaboration with Honda on
ASIMO humanoid robot, the most advanced humanoid robot
in the world.

29. EDDA,Equality, Diversity, Development and Advancement
EDDA’s strategic research programme is based on three research areas (containing
two themes each):
(1) The Politics of Transition – explores gendered representations of power and
in/equality and socio- political and cultural discourses on reconstruction;
(2) The Welfare State, Citizenship and Social Justice – focuses on the relationship
between the state, markets and the private sphere and the consequences different
configurations have for human well-being and the quality of society;
(3) The Politics of Reconstruction and Sustainability – deals with reconstruction and
security discourses as part of transnational power politics in various geographic
settings.
EDDA (as the acronym for Equality, Diversity, Development and Advancement) is an
interdisciplinary Center of Excellence in critical contemporary research, with a special
emphasis on equality and difference. Hosted by the Center of Humanities at the University of
Iceland, the EDDA Center brings together a diverse group of researchers in the humanities
and the social sciences who work together on various research projects. EDDA also offers
grants to support projects directly related to its strategic research programme.

30. Iceland Ocean Cluster

31. Iceland Ocean Cluster
The Cod, (Gadus Morhua)

32. Iceland Ocean Cluster,
Transportation and harbors

33. Iceland Ocean Cluster
Ocean technology

34. Iceland Ocean Cluster,
R&D, education and training

35. Iceland Ocean Cluster,
Fisheries and related Food Processing

36. Icelandic Geothermal Cluster, Gekon

37. Icelandic Geothermal Cluster, Gekon

38. Icelandic Geothermal Cluster, Gekon

39. Icelandic Geothermal Cluster, Gekon
The Projects July 2011 – Dec 2012

40. GEORG and Iceland Geothermal

41. Vaxtarsamningur (Growth Agreements)

42. Vaxtarsamningur (Growth Agreements)
• INDICATORS:
• Output: Number of new products and/or services, Number of PhD
projects beneficial to private sector/cluster initiative in the
region, Number of spin-offs, Qualitative measures: measuring of
the economic value of the above mentioned indicators
• Results: Number of cooperative/joint projects between companies
, Number of triple-helix projects, Total number of companies
actively participating in projects, Average number of participating
companies in supported projects, Participating companies matching
grant: private vs. public funding in per cent, Total amount of
international grants/funding received (competitive calls for
example), Average budget of supported projects.
• Impact: Number of jobs created linked to cluster
initiatives, Number of spin-offs/start-up companies, Effect on
unemployment rate, Qualitative indicator: perception of benefits
(participants, stakeholders)

43. Expectations!
• Sharpen the role of clusters, applicable to
different tasks in buisness development
• The concept of Cluster is misused, needs to
strengthen and raise awareness of good /
successful clusters
• Improve the management of clusters, by
training, networking and sharing experience
• Take into account the knowledge triangle and
strengthen Cluster concept in different tasks

44. Expectations to CDCM

45. Thank you