Sawdust / Empty Fruit Bunch Briquette and Sawdust Charcoal Briquette Process Technology. Indonesia and Malaysia have abundant resources of EFB of palm oil mill waste that potential to briquette. Then sawdust is also abundant in many places in Indonesia that potential to briquette (uncarbonised briquette) and sawdust charcoal briquette (carbonised briquette).

1. Production Process of Sawdust
Briquette, EFB Briquette, &
Sawdust Charcoal BriquetteSawdust Charcoal Briquette
Eko SB Setyawan

2. Sawdust Briquette
EFB (Empty Fruit Bunch) Briquette
Overview Briquette
Sawdust Charcoal Briquette
EFB (Empty Fruit Bunch) Briquette

3. Overview Briquette
• Densified products can be found as briquettes or
as Pellet http://bit.ly/1htrLs7
• The heating value, moisture content and chemical
characteristics are about the same for briquettes
and pellets.
• Some application of sawdust/EFB briquette• Some application of sawdust/EFB briquette
(uncarbonised briquette) can be found
slidesha.re/1ie8GeT
• Carbonised briquette is sawdust charcoal
briquette. Higher fixed carbon means higher
heating value.

4. Overview Briquette
• An increased bulk density (from 200kg/m3 for sawdust
to 1000-1400kg/m3 after densification), resulting in
lower transportation costs, reduced storage volume
and easier handling.
• A lower moisture content (MC <10%), allowing a longer
shelf life and minor losses of product during the
storage period.storage period.
• An increased energy density and more homogeneous
composition, resulting in better combustion control
possibilities and thereby higher energy efficiency
during combustion.
• Relatively high-energy cost for the briquetting process,
increasing the price of the end product.

5. Overview Briquette
• If the product exceeds 25 mm in diameter, it is called a
briquette.
• The small size for pellets makes them easy to be used
in fully automatic operations, from household
appliances to large-scale combined heat and power
(CHP) plants.

6. Overview Briquette
• Comparison between Ram/Piston dan Screw
extruder briquette

7. Overview Briquette
Tipe Screw Extruder
Briquette
Tipe Ram/Piston
Briquette

8. Overview Briquette
• Comparison screw press briquette, piston press briquette & pellet fuel

9. Overview Briquette
• Standard Sawdust Briquette atau EFB Briquette mengacu ke : European
Standard (CEN); Swedish Standards Institute, SIS-CEN/TS 14961:2005; DIN
51731; Austria ÖNORM M7135
• Sawdust from hard or soft wood, before and after extrusion (briquetting):

10. A. Process Technology of Sawdust
Briquette, EFB Briquette, & Sawdust
Charcoal Briquette ProductionCharcoal Briquette Production

11. Esensi Proses Pembuatan Sawdust Briquette,
EFB Briquette & Sawdust Charcoal Briquette
Briquetting is compaction of biomass
(biomass densification) so as to
facilitate handling utilization, saving
transportation costs and ease of
storage. Part of the outer shell
briquette partially carbonized making
Sawdust briquette & Sawdust
Charcoal Briquette
briquette partially carbonized making
it easier ignition, combustion and
protect from moisture environment.
Hole in the centre also make better air
circulation for combustion. Sawdust
briquetting will produce sawdust
briquette then can be followed by
carbonization to produce sawdust
charcoal briquette.

12. Process Variables
• Types of Raw Materials
• The Size of Raw Materials
• Moisture Content
• Hardness
• Density
• The Size of Product
• Product specification• Product specification
• Ash Content
• Single or mixed material?
• Raw material chemistry
• Ash chemistry
• Impurity
• Die Specification
• Operational of the Screw Press
These variables have tended to make
briquetting and its carbonisation more of an
“art” than a “science”, through significant
strides are being made in the sophistication of
this process, bringing these variables under
more control.

13. Process Technology Sawdust Briquette, EFB
Briquette & Sawdust Charcoal Briquette Production
A. Process Flow Diagram Sawdust Briquette Production
B. Process Flow Diagram EFB Briquette (Empty Fruit Bunch Briquette)B. Process Flow Diagram EFB Briquette (Empty Fruit Bunch Briquette)
C. Process Flow Diagram of Sawdust Charcoal Briquette
*Sawdust briquette adalah intermediate product pada produksi Sawdust Charcoal Briquette

14. Raw Material
Table of Ash Content in Various Biomass

15. Raw Material

17. Biomass Particle Deformation Mechanism
In Compression

18. Arrangement of Cellulose,
Hemicellulose and Lignin in Biomass

19. Gluing characteristics in Sawdust Briquette &
EFB Briquette Production
Biomass densification such
briquette with high pressure /
compression will increase the
mechanical interlocking and
adhesion between particles, thus
forming bonds between theforming bonds between the
molecules in the contact area. On
biomass raw materials such as
wood can be divided into the
mechanism of adhesion and
cohesion adhesion force, the
attraction between the particles
and interlocking bonds.

20. Screw Press
Screw press is
the heart of the
briquettingbriquetting
process.

21. Sawdust Briquette
• Calorific value, moisture content, ash content, ash chemistry
and dimension are the sawdust briquette parameters of quality.
• General specification : L=490 mm; d=55 mm; w=1,1 kg

22. EFB Briquette
• EFB Briquette can be used just like sawdust briquette.
• Can be made from 100% empty fruit bunches of palm oil or mixed with
sawdust.sawdust.
• Analysis of the quality of products such as table below:

23. Sawdust Charcoal Briquette
High calorific value (>7500 kcal / kg) were comparable to the high
fixed carbon (~ 90%), low moisture content (<3%), low ash content,
and specific dimensions of sawdust charcoal briquette is a quality
parameter. Selection of the good raw material of sawdust that will
determine the final product quality.

24. B. Packing

25. Sawdust / EFB Briquette
Cooling Zone in sawdust / EFB briquette Cooling Zone in sawdust / EFB briquetteCooling Zone in sawdust / EFB briquette
Production
Cooling Zone in sawdust / EFB briquette
Production
Sawdust / EFB Briquette stacked on pallets
ready for export
Packaging with bag or jumbo bag for the local
market / domestic

26. Sawdust Charcoal Briquette
Sawdust charcoal briquette
in cardboard packaging.
Piles of Sawdust charcoal briquette in
cardboard packaging ready for export.

27. C. Type of Market

28. Market of Sawdust / EFB BriquetteMarket of Sawdust / EFB Briquette
• Sawdust / EFB Briquette can be used for
home appliances such as space heating
or for industry up to electricity
generation.generation.
• Characteristics of Sawdust / EFB
briquette will determine the technology
of utilization such as combustion,
gasification or pyrolysis.

29. Market of Sawdust Charcoal BriquetteMarket of Sawdust Charcoal Briquette
• Sawdust charcoal briquette mainly used
exclusively for BBQ or burning food. So
sawdust briquette charcoal when burned
should not smoke and do not damage the
flavor of food.

30. Problem SolvingProblem Solving
A. Export Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) in BulkA. Export Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) in Bulk
Export palm kernel shell in bulk form is done so far,
resulted in inefficient due to high transportation
costs. Palm shell briquetting will increase to 2-fold
density (600 kg/m3 shell -> 1200 kg/m3
briquettes), so it becomes a solution. Biomass agri-
waste can be used for fluidised bed combustion for
electricity production.

31. • Korea is on track with its low-carbon strategy. The renewable portfolio standard (RPS)
to start in 2012 states that 2% of purchased electricity shall come from renewable
energy sources at the start of the scheme. The percentage of required renewable
energy will increase incrementally to reach 10% by 2022.

32. Thank you
Eko SB SetyawanEko SB Setyawan
081328841805
Biomass to Energy
Entrepreneur
eko.sbs@gmail.com