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Island historical-political ecologies: ecologically unequal exchange, landesque capital and environmental/social justice on Taiwan’s small islands Eric Clark Lund University Department of Human Geography  and  Lund University Centre of Excellence for Integration of Social and Natural Dimensions of Sustainability (LUCID) International Conference on Environmental Conflicts and Justice, organized by ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2-3 July 2010
Aims ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Power, Land and Materiality: Global studies in historical-political ecology  as a framework for assessing policies for  sustainable development Research framework Lead Researcher: Alf Hornborg
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Historical  political  ecology Landesque capital
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Historical  political  ecology Landesque capital
[object Object],[object Object],Sustainability vs degradation
[object Object],Mats Widgren Sustainability vs degradation
Critical question There is an assumption that landesque capital is consistent with sustainability and the opposite of degradation. ”Enduring beneficial change” creeps into the very definition of landesque capital.  What about  “ investments in land with an anticipated life well beyond that of the present crop” which result in stripping and gullying soils, and exploitative investments in land characterized more by extract-and-move-on than by soil husbandry or sustainable niche construction?
Improvement is the Juggernaut of capitalist expansion. Karl Polanyi (1944 [2001])  The great transformation
Kinmen Penghu Pongso-no-Dawo (Orchid Island)
Tao =  Pongso no Tao Spanish =  Botel Tobago Japanese =  Koto-sho shima Han Chinese =  Lanyu Hong-tou yu   (Redhead Island)   English =  Orchid Island Tao =  Pongso no Tao Spanish =  Botel Tobago Japanese =  Koto-sho shima Han Chinese =  Lanyu Hong-tou yu   (Redhead Island)   English =  Orchid Island Indigenous backyard
 
(Davidson 1901)
1901
Yayo Iraralai Iranumiruk Ivarinu Imurud Iratai * Pongso no Tao Orchid Island area: 47 KM 2 Population:  3000 6 villages
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Becoming civilized ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
forest Afforested woods  1970-1980 Rain forest grass land shrubs Marks on the selected wood for building boats
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Why can’t we allow the Tao people to decide for themselves what constitutes an improvement … and what shall flow in and out from their home?

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03.07 conference erick_clark

  • 1. Island historical-political ecologies: ecologically unequal exchange, landesque capital and environmental/social justice on Taiwan’s small islands Eric Clark Lund University Department of Human Geography and Lund University Centre of Excellence for Integration of Social and Natural Dimensions of Sustainability (LUCID) International Conference on Environmental Conflicts and Justice, organized by ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2-3 July 2010
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Critical question There is an assumption that landesque capital is consistent with sustainability and the opposite of degradation. ”Enduring beneficial change” creeps into the very definition of landesque capital. What about “ investments in land with an anticipated life well beyond that of the present crop” which result in stripping and gullying soils, and exploitative investments in land characterized more by extract-and-move-on than by soil husbandry or sustainable niche construction?
  • 8. Improvement is the Juggernaut of capitalist expansion. Karl Polanyi (1944 [2001]) The great transformation
  • 10. Tao = Pongso no Tao Spanish = Botel Tobago Japanese = Koto-sho shima Han Chinese = Lanyu Hong-tou yu (Redhead Island) English = Orchid Island Tao = Pongso no Tao Spanish = Botel Tobago Japanese = Koto-sho shima Han Chinese = Lanyu Hong-tou yu (Redhead Island) English = Orchid Island Indigenous backyard
  • 11.  
  • 13. 1901
  • 14. Yayo Iraralai Iranumiruk Ivarinu Imurud Iratai * Pongso no Tao Orchid Island area: 47 KM 2 Population: 3000 6 villages
  • 15.  
  • 16.  
  • 17.  
  • 18.  
  • 19.  
  • 20.  
  • 21.  
  • 22.  
  • 23.  
  • 24.  
  • 25.
  • 26.  
  • 27.  
  • 28.  
  • 29.  
  • 30. forest Afforested woods 1970-1980 Rain forest grass land shrubs Marks on the selected wood for building boats
  • 31.  
  • 32.  
  • 33.  
  • 34.  
  • 35.  
  • 36.  
  • 37.  
  • 38.  
  • 39.  
  • 40.  
  • 41. Why can’t we allow the Tao people to decide for themselves what constitutes an improvement … and what shall flow in and out from their home?