1. OlfactionOlfaction
The Sense of SmellThe Sense of Smell
Gilmore S. Reyes Sherlaine T. Alcantara

2. OlfactoryOlfactory(The Sense Of Smell)(The Sense Of Smell)
 1: Olfactory bulb
 2: Mitral cells
 3: Bone
 4: Nasal epithelium
 5: Glomerulus
 6: Olfactory receptor neurons

3. Olfactory bulb
 The olfactory bulb is a structure of the
vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the
perception of odors
Olfactory
Bulb

4. Mitral cells
 Mitral cells are neurons that are part of the
olfactory system. They are located in the
olfactory bulb in the mammalian
central nervous system.

5. Bone
 Bones are rigid organs that constitute part of
the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They
support and protect the various organs of the
body especially its part.

6. Nasal epithelium
 Epithelium is one of the four basic types of
animal tissue, along with connective tissue,
muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial
tissues line the cavities and surfaces of
structures throughout the body, and also form
many glands.

7. Glomerulus
 The glomerulus (plural glomeruli) is a
spherical structure located in the
olfactory bulbof the brain where synapses
form between the terminals of the
olfactory nerve and thedendrites of mitral,
periglomerular and tufted cells.

8. Olfactory Receptor NeuronsOlfactory Receptor Neurons
is a transduction cell within the olfactory
system. Carry impulses directly to the brainCarry impulses directly to the brain
Live for 5- 8 weeks & then die.Live for 5- 8 weeks & then die.

9. Trivia and Facts!Trivia and Facts! 
 Dogs 300-10,000 times more sensitive toDogs 300-10,000 times more sensitive to
smell than humanssmell than humans
 Why? Humans have 10-40 million olfactoryWhy? Humans have 10-40 million olfactory
receptor neurons, dogs have over a billion!!receptor neurons, dogs have over a billion!!
 female humans sense of olfaction is strongest
around the time of ovulation, significantly
stronger than during other phases of the
menstrual cycle and also stronger than the
sense in males

10. How is perception affected byHow is perception affected by
odor?odor?
 Odor enhances our experience of the worldOdor enhances our experience of the world
(food, surroundings, people).(food, surroundings, people).
 We associate memories with certainWe associate memories with certain
odorants.odorants.
 We lose the ability to experience “flavors”We lose the ability to experience “flavors”
if our sense of smell is impaired.if our sense of smell is impaired.
 Most universally-rated “pleasant” odorant isMost universally-rated “pleasant” odorant is
vanillavanilla

11. AnosmiaAnosmia: loss of: loss of sensesense of smellof smell
 May be toMay be to specificspecific odors orodors or allall odors.odors.
 Caused by infection to nasal cavity or brainCaused by infection to nasal cavity or brain
injury (frontal lobe).injury (frontal lobe).
 About 2 million people in US are anosmic.About 2 million people in US are anosmic.

12. END OF SLIDEEND OF SLIDE 