Avancemos 3 Leccion Preliminar Stem Changing Verbs

2. The Present Tense of Stem-Changing
Verbs: e  ie, e  i, o  ue
(El tiempo presente de los verbos de cambio
radical)

4. There is a fairly large group of verbs in Spanish that undergo
changes in their stem when conjugated in the present tense.
These changes occur only in the first and second persons
singular and third persons singular and plural.

5. There is a fairly large group of verbs in Spanish that undergo
changes in their stem when conjugated in the present tense.
These changes occur only in the first and second persons
singular and third persons singular and plural.
When a line is drawn around the forms that change, the resulting
shape vaguely resembles a boot or high-top shoe; thus, these verbs
are sometimes informally called “boot” or “shoe” verbs.

6. There is a fairly large group of verbs in Spanish that undergo
changes in their stem when conjugated in the present tense.
These changes occur only in the first and second persons
singular and third persons singular and plural.
When a line is drawn around the forms that change, the resulting
shape vaguely resembles a boot or high-top shoe; thus, these verbs
are sometimes informally called “boot” or “shoe” verbs.
There are three types or classes of “boot” verbs.

8. Type 1: e  ie

9. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender

10. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo

11. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo
entiendes

12. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo
entiendes
entiende

13. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo entendemos
entiendes
entiende

14. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo entendemos
entiendes entendéis
entiende

15. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo entendemos
entiendes entendéis
entiende entienden

16. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo entendemos
entiendes entendéis
entiende entienden

17. Type 1: e  ie
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type.
entender
entiendo entendemos
entiendes entendéis
entiende entienden
The stem undergoes the change only when stressed.

19. Here are some other common e  ie verbs:

20. Here are some other common e  ie verbs:
empezar, comenzar to begin

21. Here are some other common e  ie verbs:
empezar, comenzar to begin
pensar (+ infinitive) to think; to plan (to
do something)

22. Here are some other common e  ie verbs:
empezar, comenzar to begin
pensar (+ infinitive) to think; to plan (to
do something)
perder to lose

23. Here are some other common e  ie verbs:
empezar, comenzar to begin
pensar (+ infinitive) to think; to plan (to
do something)
perder to lose
preferir to prefer

24. Here are some other common e  ie verbs:
empezar, comenzar to begin
pensar (+ infinitive) to think; to plan (to
do something)
perder to lose
preferir to prefer
querer to want, to love

26. tener, venir

27. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.

28. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo

29. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo
tienes

30. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo
tienes
tiene

31. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes
tiene

32. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene

33. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen

34. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.

35. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo

36. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo
vienes

37. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo
vienes
viene

38. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo venimos
vienes
viene

39. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo venimos
vienes venís
viene

40. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo venimos
vienes venís
viene vienen

41. tener, venir
The verbs tener and venir are what might be called partial
stem-changing verbs; the yo forms do not have the stem
change, but they do have an irregularity.
tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tengo exámenes mañana. I have exams tomorrow.
vengo venimos
vienes venís
viene vienen
Vengo de la biblioteca. I’m coming from the library.

43. Type 2: e  i

44. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir

45. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo

46. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo
sirves

47. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo
sirves
sirve

48. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo servimos
sirves
sirve

49. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo servimos
sirves servís
sirve

50. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo servimos
sirves servís
sirve sirven

51. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo servimos
sirves servís
sirve sirven

52. Type 2: e  i
We’ll use servir, to serve, as an example of this type.
servir
sirvo servimos
sirves servís
sirve sirven
Note: All e  i verbs are -ir verbs.

54. Here are some other common e  i verbs:

55. Here are some other common e  i verbs:
servir to serve

56. Here are some other common e  i verbs:
servir to serve
pedir to ask for, to request

57. Here are some other common e  i verbs:
servir to serve
pedir to ask for, to request
repetir to repeat, to have a
second helping

58. Here are some other common e  i verbs:
servir to serve
pedir to ask for, to request
repetir to repeat, to have a
second helping
competir to compete

60. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir

61. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo

62. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo
dices

63. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo
dices
dice

64. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo decimos
dices
dice

65. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo decimos
dices decís
dice

66. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo decimos
dices decís
dice dicen

67. DECIR is a boot verb AND it has an irregular yo form.
decir
digo decimos
dices decís
dice dicen

69. Type 3: o  ue

70. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar

71. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo

72. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo
almuerzas

73. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo
almuerzas
almuerza

74. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo almorzamos
almuerzas
almuerza

75. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo almorzamos
almuerzas almorzáis
almuerza

76. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo almorzamos
almuerzas almorzáis
almuerza almuerzan

77. Type 3: o  ue
We’ll use almorzar, to have lunch, as an example of this type.
almorzar
almuerzo almorzamos
almuerzas almorzáis
almuerza almuerzan

79. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar

80. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego

81. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego
juegas

82. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego
juegas
juega

83. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego jugamos
juegas
juega

84. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego jugamos
juegas jugáis
juega

85. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego jugamos
juegas jugáis
juega juegan

86. The verb jugar, to play (games or sports), follows the
same pattern as o  ue verbs, but the change is u  ue.
jugar
juego jugamos
juegas jugáis
juega juegan

88. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:

89. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
count

90. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
dormir count
to sleep

91. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
dormir count
to sleep
encontrar to find

92. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
dormir count
to sleep
encontrar to find
poder to be able; can

93. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
dormir count
to sleep
encontrar to find
poder to be able; can
recordar to remember

94. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
dormir count
to sleep
encontrar to find
poder to be able; can
recordar to remember
soñar (con) to dream (about)

95. Here are some other common o  ue verbs:
contar* to tell a story, to
dormir count
to sleep
encontrar to find
poder to be able; can
recordar to remember
soñar (con) to dream (about)
volver to return, to
come back

97. The verbs querer and preferir
Expressing desires and
preferences
Querer and preferir are important stem-
changing verbs that have multiple uses.

99. querer
quiero queremos
quieres queréis
quiere quieren
When used with a thing as the direct object,
querer means to want.

100. ¿Quiere un
Sí, y quiero
sándwich
papas fritas
de pollo?
también, por
favor.

102. querer
quiero queremos
quieres queréis
quiere quieren
When used with a person as the direct object,
querer means to love.

104. preferir
prefiero preferimos
prefieres preferís
prefiere prefieren
Preferir, of course, means to prefer.

105. ¿Quiere un
sándwich No señor,
de pollo? prefiero una
hamburguesa.

107. Both querer and preferir can be used
with an infinitive directly after them

108. Both querer and preferir can be used
with an infinitive directly after them
We start with an appropriate person and
number of querer or preferir . . .
quiero queremos
quieres queréis
quiere quieren

109. Both querer and preferir can be used
with an infinitive directly after them
We start with an appropriate person and
number of querer or preferir . . . and then add any infinitive.
quiero queremos estudiar leer
quieres queréis escribir comer
viajar aprender
quiere quieren bailar dormir

110. Both querer and preferir can be used
with an infinitive directly after them
We start with an appropriate person and
number of querer or preferir . . . and then add any infinitive.
quiero queremos estudiar leer
quieres queréis escribir comer
viajar aprender
quiere quieren bailar dormir
Rafael quiere esquiar, pero su novia
prefiere patinar.
Rafael wants to ski, but his girlfriend prefers
to skate.

112. Thinking and planning
The verb pensar is another very useful stem-
changing verb.
pienso pensamos
piensas pensáis
piensa piensan

113. Thinking and planning

114. Thinking and planning
Pensar basically means “to think.”

115. Thinking and planning
Pensar basically means “to think.”
Me gusta ir al parque para
pensar y descansar.
I like to go to the park to
think and rest.

116. Thinking and planning

117. Thinking and planning
Pensar en means “to think about.”

118. Thinking and planning
Pensar en means “to think about.”
Gabriela siempre piensa en sus estudios.
Gabriela is always thinking about her studies.

119. Thinking and planning
Pensar en means “to think about.”
Gabriela siempre piensa en sus estudios.
Gabriela is always thinking about her studies.
Pensamos en el bienestar de la familia.
We’re thinking about the wellbeing of the family.

120. Thinking and planning
Pensar en means “to think about.”
Gabriela siempre piensa en sus estudios.
Gabriela is always thinking about her studies.
Pensamos en el bienestar de la familia.
We’re thinking about the wellbeing of the family.
¿En qué piensas?
What are you thinking about?

121. Thinking and planning

122. Thinking and planning
Pensar de means “to think of” (to have
an opinion about.)

123. Thinking and planning
Pensar de means “to think of” (to have
an opinion about.)
¿Qué piensas de las novelas de Márquez?
What do you think of Márquez’s novels?

124. Thinking and planning
Pensar de means “to think of” (to have
an opinion about.)
¿Qué piensas de las novelas de Márquez?
What do you think of Márquez’s novels?
Pensar que means “to think that” (in answer to
the above question, for example.)

125. Thinking and planning
Pensar de means “to think of” (to have
an opinion about.)
¿Qué piensas de las novelas de Márquez?
What do you think of Márquez’s novels?
Pensar que means “to think that” (in answer to
the above question, for example.)
Yo pienso que sus novelas son maravillosas.
I think that his novels are wonderful.

126. Thinking and planning

127. Thinking and planning
Pensar also has a special use . . .

128. Thinking and planning
Pensar also has a special use . . .
pensar + infinitive =
to plan to do something

129. Thinking and planning
Pensar also has a special use . . .
pensar + infinitive =
to plan to do something
Pensamos escuchar
música en el parque esta
tarde.
We’re planning to listen to
music in the park this
afternoon.

130. Thinking and planning

131. Thinking and planning
¿Qué piensas hacer después de clase?
Después de clase, yo pienso . . .

132. Thinking and planning
¿Qué piensas hacer después de clase?
Después de clase, yo pienso . . .
¿Qué piensas hacer este fin de semana?
Este fin de semana, pienso . . .

133. Thinking and planning
¿Qué piensas hacer después de clase?
Después de clase, yo pienso . . .
¿Qué piensas hacer este fin de semana?
Este fin de semana, pienso . . .
¿Qué piensan hacer Uds. (tú y tu familia)
en las vacaciones de verano?
En las vacaciones de verano, pensamos . . .

135. FIN