The document discusses the present subjunctive tense in Spanish. It explains that the subjunctive is used to talk about what one person wants or recommends another person to do. It provides rules for forming the present subjunctive of regular and irregular verbs. It also lists common verbs that are often followed by the subjunctive, like "querer" and "sugerir", and gives examples of how to use the subjunctive in sentences.
5. The Subjunctive
We use it to say what one
person does or doesn’t
want, tell, suggest, or
recommend someone else
to do.
6. The Subjunctive
We form the present
subjunctive of most verbs
the same way we form
negative tú commands,
Usted and Ustedes
commands..
7. The Subjunctive
We drop the -o of the
present-tense indicative yo
form and add the
subjunctive endings.
8. The Subjunctive
For -ar verbs:
e, es, e, emos, éis, en
For -er/-ir verbs:
a, as, a, amos, áis, an
9. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As with commands, if
there is a stem change all
forms will change in the
subjunctive except for the
nosotros and vosotros
forms.
11. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As in negative commands,
irregular verbs that add a
“g” to the stem in the
present-tense yo form also
have a “g” in the present
subjunctive.
14. Tener – to have
tenga
tengas
tenga
tengamos
Tengáis
tengan
15. The Subjunctive
The present subjunctive has
the same spelling changes in
any verb with an irregular yo
form. (just like negative tú
commands, Usted and
Ustedes commands.
19. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
D – Dar (Dé, des, dé, demos deis den)
I – IR (vaya, vayas vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan)
S – Ser (Sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean)
H – Haber (haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan)
E – Estar (esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén)
S – Saber (sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan)
20. When to use Subjunctive
1. A sentence that
includes the subjunctive
form has two parts
connected by the word
que.
For example:
22. 2. A verb of Volition
(what may or may not happen):
W – Wishes, Wants
E – Emotions, feelings
I – Impersonal Expressions
R – Requests, Recommendations
D – Doubt, Denial, Disagreement
O – Ojalá (I hope to God)
24. The Subjunctive
El entrenador exige que
los atletas estiren los
músculos.
The trainer demands that
the athletes stretch their
muscles.
25. The Subjunctive
Es necesario que protejas el medio
ambiente.
It’s necessary that you protect the
environment.
Es importante que los jóvenes
solucionen los problemas.
It’s important that the young people
solve problems.
26. 3. A change of subject
Note that the subjunctive
sentences have two parts,
each with a different
subject, connected by the
word que:
27. 2 Clauses
Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent
clause
(stands on its
own)
Subject > Verb
Separated
by the
word
“que”
Dependent clause (can’t
stand on its own)
Begins with the word
“que.”
Indicative
Verb
Subjunctive
Verb
28. The Subjunctive
The first subject uses the
present indicative verb (of
volition) + que and the second
subject uses the present
subjunctive verb (what should
happen).
29. The Subjunctive
Verbs that are often follewed by
que + subjunctive:
Decir
Insistir en
Necesitar
Permitir
Preferir (e > ie)
Prohibir
Querer (e > ie)
Recomendar (e > ie)
Sugerir (e > ie)
30. PRACTICE
Es necesario que tú _________ (hacer) la
tarea.
Mi madre quiere que yo _______ (sacar)
buenas notas.
Es preciso que tú ________(beber) mucha
agua todos los días.
Ojalá que la actividad no _______(ser)
plantar árboles
hagas
saque
bebas
sea
