This presentation introduces basic training techniques and gives some guidelines for constructing and delivering presentations. It is a kind of mini-course to train trainers before the training at iCargo project. Contents: 1.Training techniques (Blooms Taxonomy; Engaging learners; Training methods) 2.What to say: creating the content (Objectives & content; Preparation tips) 3.How to say it: shaping the message (The start; PowerPoint tips; How not) 4.Delivering the presentation (Attitude; Delivering) 5.Feedback after the event

1. Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and Sustainable
Global Logistics Operations
Guidelines
for Training
--iCargo Training Series
31.10.2013
www.i-cargo.eu

2. Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and Sustainable
Global Logistics Operations
iCargo is a large-scale integrating project co-funded by the European Commission within the FP7 Information
and Communication Technologies Work Programme. iCargo involves representatives of the main
stakeholders in the areas of research and technological development, logistics companies, shippers and
public authorities. The 29 partners coming from 13 countries are coordinated by the Research and
Innovation Hub of ATOS Spain.
iCargo will design and implement a decentralized ICT infrastructure allowing real world objects, new planning
services including CO2 calculation capabilities and existing systems to co-exist and efficiently co-operate at
an affordable cost for logistics stakeholders.
The iCargo project aims at supporting new logistics services that:
₋
Synchronize vehicle movements and logistics operations across various modes and actors to lower CO2
emissions
₋
Adapt to changing conditions through dynamic planning methods involving intelligent cargo, vehicle and
infrastructure systems and
₋
Combine services, resources and information from different stakeholders, taking part in an open freight
management ecosystem.
www.i-cargo.eu

3. iCargo Training - October 2013, Zaragoza
Guidelines for Training
Iñaki Etxaniz
Research scientist - Tecnalia
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4. Table of Contents
1. Training techniques
o
o
o
Blooms taxonomy
Engaging learners
Training methods
2. What to say: creating the content
o
o
Objectives & content
Preparation tips
3. How to say it: shaping the message
o
o
o
The start
PowerPoint tips
How not
4. Delivering the presentation
o
o
Attitude
Delivering
5. Feedback after the event
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5. iCargo Training
Training techniques
The basis
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6. “Learning is not
attained by chance,
it must be sought for
with ardor and
attended to
with diligence”
-Abigail Adams-
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7. Blooms Taxonomy
The student can…
Creating
Evaluating
…create new product a point of view
…justify a decision
Analysing
…distinguish between the different parts
Applying
Understanding
…use the information in a new way
…explain ideas or concepts
…remember the information
Remembering
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8. Engaging learners
Adult learners retain:
• 20% of what they READ and HEAR
• 40% of what they SEE
• 50% of what they SAY
• 60% of what they DO
Source: ASSE professional Safety: August 2011
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9. Some Training Methods
Lectures: monologues, dialogues, discussions, debates…storytelling
– Remember: people only retain 20%
Role playing: based on believable scenario and participants
+ Allows employees to act out issues that could occur in the workplace
+ Effective connecting theory and practice
Films & Videos: geared towards a specific objective
+ Effective to stimulate discussion afterwards.
– No interaction from the trainees.
Group projects: 3/4 groups with same/different scenario and questions
+ Allows all trainees to discuss issues, ask questions, provide ideas
Simulations: hands-on training environment
+ Imitate real workplace challenges and experience
– Some can be expensive
Planned readings: pre-stage preparation to more formal methods
+ Provide a better idea of what the issues are or think of any questions beforehand
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10. The training program: Content & Management
Content
Management
1. Needs assessment
1. Training delivery by competent
trainers
Asses the needs of the students
2. Learning objectives have to be
clear
Person with occupational (not
organizational) authority
What is the real purpose of your talk?
2. Training evaluation
3. Course content to achieve
objectives
Pursuing a continuous improvement
What are the most important parts of
your topic?
4. Resource materials
What material and resources will you
need?
5. Criteria for course completion
what attendees should be able to do
after the talk
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11. iCargo Training
What to say
Creating the content
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12. “The secret to being a
bore is to tell
everything”
-Voltaire-
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13. What
• Objectives: the objectives of the session have to be clear first.
– What is the real purpose of your talk?
– Define what attendees should be able to do after the talk
• Content: contents are the means to achieve the objectives.
What are the most important parts of your topic?
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14. What: Preparation tips
1. Start with the end in mind
Define the three (3) things you want the audience will remember
2. Know your audience
What are their backgrounds?
Do they want more concepts and theory or practical information?
3. Content, content, content
Great content is a necessary condition
Do not fall in a “data dump”: too many information is as bad as too few.
4. Keep it simple
Simple can be hard for the presenter, but appreciated by the audience
Edit aggressively (“less is more”)
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15. What: Preparation tips (II)
5. Outline your content
Use the “analog mode”: scratch the ideas with a pen and paper
Add visual ideas: charts, photos, diagrams
PowerPoint comes later.
6. Have a clear structure
Introduction: Goal, Problem to solve, Plan, Terminology
Development: Major ideas (don’t tell everything), little technical
Conclusion: Results, Summary, Future actions
7. Tell a story
Spoken language is much older that writing
Stories are easy to remember for the audience
Best presenters illustrate their point with stories and examples.
8. Handouts and slides are two different things
Slides are designed to be the skeleton that prompt the spoken word.
Handouts require more detail and supporting data.
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16. What: The script
Use mental maps to cover all aspects, implications, connections of an idea
*Figure from “Death by Power Point”
by Alexei Kapterev
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17. What: The script (II)
A. Activity-based script
Tells us what to do at every moment (a table of [Hour]-[Activity]-[Means])
B. Objective-based script
Refers to the objective of the session. Should be memorable, scalable
Topic 1
Reason 1
Reason 2
Reason 3
Topic 2
Reason 1
Reason 2
Reason 3
Topic 3
Reason 1
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18. iCargo Training
How to say
Shaping the message
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19. “Things seen are
mightier than things
heard”
-A. Lord Tennyson-
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20. How: The importance of the start
Use the start to attract public attention towards your presentation,for example:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Reveal one surprising fact
Ask a rhetoric (or real) question
Start with some humoristic story
Cite examples related with the matter
Cite an expert opinion or publication
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21. How: PowerPoint tips
1. Use the “outline view” first
Develop the presentation content before thinking on the look
Spend time in the “slide sorter view” to sort, group or break up slides
2. Keep it simple
Slides support the speaker and supplement the presentation
Leave plenty of “white space” or “negative space”
3. Use contrasting color schemes
Check how the colors look when projected
4. Choose your fonts well
Use no more that two complementary fonts
San-serif fonts (Arial, Tahoma, Verdana) are better for screen and presentations
Use a big enough font so that the audience can read it
5. Use (high-quality) graphics and images
But only when they have some significance
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22. How: PowerPoint tips (II)
6. Stop the moving text, limit animations
Listener will get bored quickly with too many effects
7. Use simple slide transitions
The same transition effect for the whole presentation
8. Use appropriate charts
Pie charts: to show percentages
Vertical bars: to show changes in quantity over time
Horizontal bars: to compare quantities
Line charts: to demonstrate trends
9. Use the spell checker, with care
Spelling faults can ruin a presentation
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23. How: How not
Video: Don McMillan: Life After Death by PowerPoint
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpvgfmEU2Ck
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24. iCargo Training
Delivering
Getting through the audience
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25. “People only know
what they put into
practice”
-Montesquieu-
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26. Attitude: daring to say
How we get anxious
–
–
–
–
Devaluing our capacity to solve problems
Telling: “I can`t”, “I have made a mistake”
Thinking about a stressful episode in the past
Stopping mi breath
How to avoid it
–
–
–
–
–
Preparing the what and how
Rehearsing
Visualizing the session
Organizing things: grooming , dressing, knowing the room and stage
Have a sense of humor
Fears
To avoid: lack of preparation, negative experiences
To maintain: responsibility, bore the audience, forget to say the main things.
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27. Delivering: Getting through the audience
1. Start strong
The audience will give you a few minutes to engage them
Do not ramble about YOU and your personal/professional background
2. Show your passion
Convey enthusiasm. Believe in what you are doing. Use your emotions
3. Keep it short
Plan to talk in lees than the time you were assigned
Use 10 minutes chunks to maintain public attention
4. Converse, don’t perform
Don’t turn your back on them.
Talk to each of them, maintain eye contact, and smile
5. Movement
Step out into the open space to remove physical barriers between you and the audience
Don’t remain rooted in one spot, but avoid excessive roaming
6. Hands
Use your hands to emphasize your speech
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28. Delivering: Getting through the audience (II)
7.
Voice
Speak clearly and with sufficient volume
Avoid utterances such as “Umm, ah, err”
8. Draw on the screen / Blank the screen
Draw to illustrate a particular point or item (Ctrl+P to display a pen; Ctrl+E to erase)
Blank screen if you need to digress, or want the attention be placed on you (Ctrl+B/Ctrl+W)
9. Practice, practice, practice rehearsal
Not just mentally, but verbally. At least twice.
Better if you record and then watch yourself.
Rehearsal -> you don’t stumble over your words -> you get meaning across
10. Question time
Listen carefully. If needed, ask for clarification
Be polite, thank for the input (even for selfish or malicious questions)
Avoid the conflict. Offer to discuss it afterwards.
Do not be afraid to say “I don`t know” sometimes
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29. Delivering
And relax.
It’s only a presentation.
For better or worse, most of the public will forget it in a
matter of weeks …or days.
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30. iCargo Training
Feedback after the event
Toward continuous improvement
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31. “If you can not
measure it,
you can not improve it”
-Lord Kelvin
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32. After the session: the feedback questionnaire
Q about the speaker
Knowledge about the matter, interest, communication skills, time control…
Q about the venue
Room, comfort, temperature, light, stage, screen size, audio…
Q about the organization
Event publicity, ease of registration, information to the attendees, incidents and failures
Q about the topic
Was the topic interesting? Was it well explained? Was it enough detailed? Is it useful for
you/your company? Would you like to know more about? Would you recommend the talk?
Deliver it afterwards to the public in a nice report, together with additional
material, such as videos of the talks.
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33. Some quotations
Quotations
“The secret to being a bore is to tell everything” Voltaire
“He learnt so many things that he had not time to think of any” Antonio Machado
"Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler" Albert Einstein
“What orators lack in depth they make up to you in length” Montesquieu
“Things seen are mightier than things heard” A. Lord Tennyson
“People only know what they put into practice” Montesquieu
"If you can not measure it, you can not improve it“ Lord Kelvin
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34. Reading recommendations
Effective Training Techniques
Mark A. Hernandez, CHST
Organization & Preparation Tips; Top ten slide tips; Top ten delivery tips
Garr Reynolds (www.garreynolds.com)
It’s the story, stupid
Doc Searls (www.searls.com)
The 10/20/30 Rule of PowerPoint
Guy Kawasaki (http://blog.guykawasaki.com/2005/12/the_102030_rule.html)
10 presentation techniques you can (and should) copy from Apple's WWDC keynote
Carmine Gallo (http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2013/06/11/ten-presentation-techniques-you-can-and-should-copy-from-appleswwdc-keynote/)
Ten Secrets for using PowerPoint effectively
Dave Paradi (www.thinkoutsidetheslide.com)
4 Tips: How to prepare a convincing PowerPoint Presentation
Oliver Adria (www.rethinkpresentations.com)
Death by PowerPoint
Alexei Kapterev (www.slideshare.net/correojev/death-by-power-point-alexei-kapterev)
How to present a paper: A speaker’s guide
Bob Spillman (Millipore Corp.), Ian Parberry (University of North Texas)
101 Inside tips for more successful presentations
Jim Endicott, Dave Zielinski (www.presentationexpert.com)
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35. Reading recommendations
17-errores-y-medio-que-debes-evitar-en-una-presentacion-tecnologica
Gonzalo Alvarea, Chema Alonso (www.elartedepresentar.com)
Muerte por Power Point
Raúl Tabarés (http://www.innpulsos.com/2013/10/02/muerte-por-power-point)
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36. Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and Sustainable
Global Logistics Operations
Credits:
Presented by:
Iñaki Etxaniz
Scientist Researcher, Tecnalia
inaki.etxaniz@tecnalia.com
Material:
Iñaki Etxaniz
Scientist Researcher, Tecnalia
inaki.etxaniz@tecnalia.com
www.i-cargo.eu/training
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