1. Problem before Procedures; System of Equations
Nowadays, development of education in the world be an aspect that is most focused
by each country. Many researcher develop the strategy to teach well, but there is no the best
method to teach the students. It depends on the situation, condition, material and many more
aspect. We should combine many methods that suitable for the learning process and it should
be provided the media and other that support the learning process. There are many methods
that we have known. In this chance, I want to focus on methods that used in mathematics
education that is the problem based learning method or problems before procedure. We use
system of linear equations as the illustration how this strategy unfolds in a classroom.
As a teacher, we should know what the student need and how to support them in
building the strong schema about the concept of the material in their mind. Student is not
only just memorizing the formula or definition but also they have to understand the concept
at all by themselves. According to Kasi C Allen, there are the 4 procedures of problem based
learning, as follows: assessing prior knowledge, generating mathematical ideas, building
toward understanding of procedures, driving the move to symbols. But I want to focus on
interesting procedure of problem before procedure is assessing prior knowledge: the mystery
numbers problem.
Assessing prior knowledge: the mystery numbers problem
Each student bring prior knowledge when want to learning something. In this case of system
of equations, students have prior knowledge about equation in two variables. We should
provide them the mystery numbers problem that non-symbolic approach.
"I'm thinking of two numbers. Their sum is 35, and their difference is 13. What
are the numbers?"
The problem can be solved by individually first, then think-pair-share strategy. After each
pair finished, then move to small group discussion to share about the strategies and solutions.
Then select one group to report and present the collective ideas in the front of the class and
the whole group discussion happen. Based on the activity, we can found many strategies to
solve the problem by the student approach individually, pair and group discussion. The
problems might solved just by guessing the two numbers, representation the number and its
relationship by the table to get some sense of how all the possible mystery number are related
to one another, and higher is represent it by symbolic use the two equations and algebraic
strategy such as elimination and substitution. After that ask them to explain their strategies
works and remind them how important it is to understand every procedure that they chose. To
improve their understanding we should give them the higher problems, for example;
"I'm thinking of two numbers. The larger number is double the smaller one. Their
sum is 96. What are the numbers?"
FARIDATUL LAIL – CLASS B - 11600024

2. Problem before Procedures; System of Equations
Pada masa sekarang ini, pendidikan banyak dikembangkan dari berbagai aspek. Banyak
ilmuwan yang mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran tetapi banyak yang tidak sesuai. Jadi
kita sebagai guru harus dapat mengkombinasikan berbagai metode yang ada untuk
menciptakan metode yang sesuai untuk siswa dan guru. Dalam artikel ini hanya akan
difokuskan pada metode pembelajaran matematika.
Kita sebagai guru harus tahu bahwa kebutuhan siswa tidak hanya untuk mengingat dan
mengaplikasikan rumus yang sudah belaku. Tetapi siswa juga dituntut untuk bisa
menyelesaikan masalah dengan caranya sendiri. Dalam tulisan ini, akan dibahas mengenai
problem based learning atau dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah pembelajaran berdasarkan
masalah. Menurut Kasi C. Allen, problem based learning dibagi menjadi 4 prosedur yaitu :
assessing prior knowledge, generating mathematical ideas, building toward understanding of
procedures, driving the move to symbols.
Dari keempat procedure tersebut yang paling menarik untuk dibahas adalah assessing prior
knowledge karena pada prosedur ini akan dibahas langkah awal dalam menjalankan metode
problem based learning.
Assessing Prior Knowledge
Setiap siswa harus sudah siap dengan materi sebelumnya sebelum belajar sesuatu yang baru.
Dalam pembelajaran sistem persamaan, siswa harus sudah menguasai materi sebelumnya
yaitu persamaan dua variable. Kita harus menyediakan masalah misteri nomor tanpa
pendekatan secara non simbolis.
"I'm thinking of two numbers. Their sum is 35, and their difference is 13. What
are the numbers?" ( aku berpikir 2 angka. Apabila dijumlah 35 dan selisih mereka 13. Angka
berapa yang dimaksud? )
Permasalahan ini dapat dikerjakan individu pada awalnya, kemudian dengan metode think
pair share. Setelah berdiskusi secara berpasangan, siswa berdiskusi dengan metode small
group discussion untuk menginfokan strategi dan solusi yang sudah ditemukan.setelah itu,
salah satu group maju kedepan dan seluruh group berdiskusi tentang apa yang disampaikan
didalam kelas. Dari kegiatan tersebut kita sebagai guru dapat mengetahui strategi untuk
menyelesaikan maslah melalui individu maupun kelompok. Permasalahan mungkin terjadi
karena perkiraan dua angka,reprentasi dari angka tersebut dan hubungan angka pada tabel
tentang kemungkinan adanya hubungan misteri number dengan yang lainnya yang lebih
tinggi dan secara simbolik keduanya antars dtrstegi aljabar dan persamssn sperti substitusi
dan eliminasi. Setelah itu ingatkan para siswa untuk mengingat strategi dan betapa
pentingnya memahami setiap langkah prosedur yang telah dipilih. Untuk meningkatkan
kemampuan menggunakan prosedur ini, kerjakan contoh berikut :
"I'm thinking of two numbers. The larger number is double the smaller one. Their
sum is 96. What are the numbers?
FARIDATUL LAIL – CLASS B - 11600024