Learn the Rules for Forming Superlative Adjectives
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The document provides information about superlative adjectives including: - Superlative adjectives express the greatest degree of a quality and are formed by adding "est" to single-syllable adjectives or using "most/least" for multi-syllable adjectives. - There are three rules for forming superlative adjectives based on the adjective's syllable count and ending letters. - Exceptions include adjectives with irregular comparative and superlative forms like "good", "bad", and "far".
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Learn the Rules for Forming Superlative Adjectives
- 1. UNIT 3 SUPERLATIVES The superlative adjective is that form which expresses the greatest increase or diminution of the quality: nicest. An adjective is in the superlative form when it expresses a comparison between one and a number of individuals taken separately
- 2. RULES FOR SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES Rule 1: When an adjective consists of one syllable add est to the end to make it a superlative adjective. Examples: clean dark thick soft warm neat broad tall old Comparative cleaner darker thicker softer warmer neater broader taller older Superlative cleanest darkest thickest softest warmest neatest broadest tallest oldest Exception to Rule 1: If the one syllable adjective ends with a consonant-vowel-consonant we need to double the last consonant before adding the est. However, if the last consonant is a w then we follow rule 1 instead. Examples: Comparative Superlative big bigger biggest dim dimmer dimmest fat fatter fattest fit fitter fittest flat flatter flattest few fewer fewest slow slower slowest low lower lowest Rule 2: When a two syllable adjective ends with y we need to replace the y with an i and then add the est. Examples: busy dirty easy funny noisy happy heavy lovely Comparative busier dirtier easier funnier noisier happier heavier lovelier Superlative busiest dirtiest easiest funniest noisiest happiest heaviest loveliest
- 3. Rule 3: For an adjective with two or more syllabus (that does not end with y), we use add the word most or least in front of the adjective. Examples: active careless famous cheerful beautiful generous intelligent valuable Comparative more active, less active more careless. less careless more famous. Less famous more cheerful, less cheerful more beautiful, less beautiful more generous, less generous more intelligent, less intelligent more valuable, less valuable Superlative most active, least active most careless. least careless most famous. least famous most cheerful, least cheerful most beautiful, least beautiful most generous, least generous most intelligent, least intelligent most valuable, least valuable Exceptions: There are some adjectives that have irregular comparative and superlative forms. Examples: good bad many much little far Comparative better worse more more less farther Superlative best worst most most least farthest
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- 5. The Amazon The Amazon is the world’s largest rainforest and is one of the world's most diverse biological areas. It’s huge, covering 40% of South America, including Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Puerto Princesa Underground River, Philippines The Puerto Princesa underground river is located 50km north of Puerto Princesa on the island of Palawan in the Philippines. The entrance to the Subterranean River is a short hike from the town of Sabang. The Puerto Princesa underground river claims to be the world’s longest underground river at 8.2km and a lagoon marks the entrance of the cave. How + Adjectives
- 6. EXAMPLE Another use of "How long..." (How + Adjectives) How wide - How deep - How long "How long" is also used with the verbs "is" and "are" to know the length of something. Look at the examples: Example: How long is the pipeline? Other adjectives used with "How": How wide is the bed? = What is the width of the bed? How deep is the well? = What is the depth of well? How big...? = What is the size of...? How tall...? = What is the height of...? How far...? = What is the distance...? How high...? = What is the height of...?
- 7. How do we measure length? In the USA, we still use inches, feet, yards, and miles: 1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 foot = 30.48 cm 1 yard = 914 cm 1 mile = 1.6 km Asking questions, example: Wide: The bed is 64 inches wide. What is the height of Angel? Height is 6 feet 11 inches Note: When we speak about objects, buildings, for example, we can ask "How high is it?", but it is not possible to ask "how high" a person is when speaking about dimensions. We use a a different adjective beginning with a "t"!