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What are the similarities and differences of the world’s three
largest monotheistic religions?
 Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are major

faiths that are examples of monotheism, or
belief in one supreme god.
 Monotheism was first practiced

by the Israelites.
 Followers today are known as
Jews.
 Holy book is the Torah.
Believe that they descended from Abraham and Sarah,
the first people to worship a single god around 3,700 years
ago
 Abraham lived at least in what is now Iraq.
 Torah says that God made an agreement, or covenant,
with Abraham and told him to move to Canaan.
 The Jews believe they are God’s “chosen people”.

Threeworldreligions
 Over the centuries, the Jews would be

conquered and forced to leave their homeland
many times.
 Eventually, they spread to countries in many
parts of the world.
 Scattering of the Jews = Diaspora.
Threeworldreligions
 Arose from Judaism in Southwest

Asia.
 A Jew named Jesus began preaching
in the Roman province of Judea.
 He taught that a God loved all people,
even those that have sinned.
 Some Jews greeted him as the
messiah, or savior, who would deliver
them from the Romans.
 A.D. 30, Jesus and his disciples, or

followers, went to Jerusalem to celebrate
Passover.
 Jesus was convicted of treason under
Roman law and crucified, or executed.
 Disciples proclaimed that Jesus had

risen from the dead.
 They began preaching that Jesus
was the Son of God, and they called
him Christ (Greek for “messiah”).
 They spread Jesus’ teachings
throughout the Roman world and
beyond.
 The holy book of the Christians is the
Bible; stories about Jesus became
the New Testament.
 A.D. 300: Christians were persecuted until

Roman emperor Constantine became one
and proclaimed it a lawful religion.
 Christianity later divided into Roman
Catholics (Pope in Italy), Eastern Orthodox,
and Protestants (Martin Luther).
 Has more followers than any other religion.
Began in the A.D. 600s in the Arabian Peninsula
(Southwest Asia).
 In Arabic, Islam means “surrender” to the will of Allah
(God).
 Followers of Islam are called Muslims.
 Believe that Muhammad is the last and greatest
prophet of Islam, following Abraham, Moses, and
Jesus.

Threeworldreligions
Born A.D. 570 in Makkah (Mecca), city in
western Arabia.
 A.D. 610, he heard the voice of angel
Gabriel telling him to preach about God.
 Told the people there is only one God,
Allah, and all believers in him are equal.
 Urged the rich to share with the poor.
 Saw life as a preparation for the Day of
Judgment (when Allah would reward the
good and punish the bad).

Muhammad’s swords

Muhammad’s hat,
robe, and staff
Muhammad’s message angered the rich merchants
of Makkah.
 A.D. 622, he was forced to flee for safety to Medina.


 His departure is known as the Hijrah, or migration.
 His forces eventually defeated armies who came to

Madinah.
 Made Medina the center of Islam.
 Over several centuries, Islam spread through

Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe.
 Two main branches of Islam: Sunnis and
Shiites.
 Most of the world’s Muslims are Sunni; Iran
and Iraq are Shiites.
Threeworldreligions
 The Muslim holy book is the Quran.







Pray five times a day, facing Makkah.
Charity to people in need.
Fast during daylight during Ramadan
Make the hajj to Makkah to pray (once in lifetime).
Statement of faith.
Pray
Threeworldreligions

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Threeworldreligions

  • 1. What are the similarities and differences of the world’s three largest monotheistic religions?
  • 2.  Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are major faiths that are examples of monotheism, or belief in one supreme god.
  • 3.  Monotheism was first practiced by the Israelites.  Followers today are known as Jews.  Holy book is the Torah.
  • 4. Believe that they descended from Abraham and Sarah, the first people to worship a single god around 3,700 years ago  Abraham lived at least in what is now Iraq.  Torah says that God made an agreement, or covenant, with Abraham and told him to move to Canaan.  The Jews believe they are God’s “chosen people”. 
  • 6.  Over the centuries, the Jews would be conquered and forced to leave their homeland many times.  Eventually, they spread to countries in many parts of the world.  Scattering of the Jews = Diaspora.
  • 8.  Arose from Judaism in Southwest Asia.  A Jew named Jesus began preaching in the Roman province of Judea.  He taught that a God loved all people, even those that have sinned.  Some Jews greeted him as the messiah, or savior, who would deliver them from the Romans.
  • 9.  A.D. 30, Jesus and his disciples, or followers, went to Jerusalem to celebrate Passover.  Jesus was convicted of treason under Roman law and crucified, or executed.
  • 10.  Disciples proclaimed that Jesus had risen from the dead.  They began preaching that Jesus was the Son of God, and they called him Christ (Greek for “messiah”).  They spread Jesus’ teachings throughout the Roman world and beyond.  The holy book of the Christians is the Bible; stories about Jesus became the New Testament.
  • 11.  A.D. 300: Christians were persecuted until Roman emperor Constantine became one and proclaimed it a lawful religion.  Christianity later divided into Roman Catholics (Pope in Italy), Eastern Orthodox, and Protestants (Martin Luther).  Has more followers than any other religion.
  • 12. Began in the A.D. 600s in the Arabian Peninsula (Southwest Asia).  In Arabic, Islam means “surrender” to the will of Allah (God).  Followers of Islam are called Muslims.  Believe that Muhammad is the last and greatest prophet of Islam, following Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. 
  • 14. Born A.D. 570 in Makkah (Mecca), city in western Arabia.  A.D. 610, he heard the voice of angel Gabriel telling him to preach about God.  Told the people there is only one God, Allah, and all believers in him are equal.  Urged the rich to share with the poor.  Saw life as a preparation for the Day of Judgment (when Allah would reward the good and punish the bad). 
  • 16. Muhammad’s message angered the rich merchants of Makkah.  A.D. 622, he was forced to flee for safety to Medina.   His departure is known as the Hijrah, or migration.  His forces eventually defeated armies who came to Madinah.  Made Medina the center of Islam.
  • 17.  Over several centuries, Islam spread through Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe.  Two main branches of Islam: Sunnis and Shiites.  Most of the world’s Muslims are Sunni; Iran and Iraq are Shiites.
  • 19.  The Muslim holy book is the Quran.
  • 20.       Pray five times a day, facing Makkah. Charity to people in need. Fast during daylight during Ramadan Make the hajj to Makkah to pray (once in lifetime). Statement of faith. Pray