1. Usable Trust in the
Internet of Things
Peter Wolkerstorfer – CURE
Effectsplus 2nd Cluster Event
(July 4th & 5th 2011, VU University, Amsterdam)

2. Agenda
• Introduction
• Scenarios
• Personas
• Requirements
• Outlook

3. 3
Introduction

4. 4
uTRUSTit Project facts
Project duration: 3 years
Project funding: EU 7th Framework Programme
ICT‐2009.1.4
Project coordinator: CURE – Center for Usability
Research & Engineering
Contact: http://www.utrustit.eu
utrustit@cure.at

5. 5
The uTRUSTit Consortium

6. 6
CURE – Center for Usability Research &
Engineering
• Independent Research Center with 30 Researchers
• Interdisciplinary Research
➥Psychology, Sociology, Industrial‐ & Media‐Design, Informatics,
etc.
• Main Research Areas
➥Usability and User Experience Research, Requirements
Engineering, Prototyping und User Interface Design / User‐
Centred Design, Lab & Field Evaluations (Focus on Technology
Acceptance), HCISEC & Privacy

7. 7
uTRUSTit
Overview

8. 8
Usable Trust in the IoT
• What is it?
➥Trust as a decision‐basis for end‐users
➥“informed decisions”
➥Trust feedback mechanisms which are accepted by end‐users
• How to achieve?
➥User‐centric design process
➥Personas
➥Requirements engineering

9. 9
Scenarios

10. 10
Scenarios
• Smart Home
• Image right: Door
lock system,
Das Bild
k ann zurz…
Medicine cabinet
& Media Center
• Smart Office
• E‐Voting

11. 11
Personas

12. 12
Personas ‐ What are
Personas?

13. 13
Personas ‐ What are
Personas?
“...a hypothetical archetype of real users
described in great detail and defined by
their goals and needs, rather than just
demographics.”
Lindgren et al. (2007)

14. 14
Personas ‐ Why
Personas?
• Rise developers‘ empathy for end‐users
➥Know for whom artefacts are developed
• Consolidate the individual pictures from an abstract „the
user“ to one concrete set of personas
➥Prevents “bending” of user definitions & projections
• Nearly none‐intrusive method
➥Development‐style agnostic

15. 15
Anna Janssen

16. 16
Sara Moser

17. 17
The Clasens

18. 18
David Clasen

19. 19
Paul Clasen

20. 20
Fredrik Clasen

21. 21
Personas –
Marketing

22. 22
Requirements

23. 23
Requirements for Usable Trust
• 3‐folded requirements
➥Technical requirements
➥Requirements for VR
➥User‐requirements
➥Method: focus groups + usability heuristics + questionnaires
(questionnaires related to the scenarios; elicit attitudes
towards privacy, technology and trust)
➥3 focus groups, 23 Participants
(9 female / 14 male; age 27y‐67y; av. age = 41,73, STD=14,8)

24. 24
User‐ Requirements Examples
• A device should provide feedback if third parties are able to read
data during entry and transmission.
• The look and feel of a software or user interface should be
consistent even among various devices.
• The adoption from IoT in daily life must be eco‐friendly and
environmentally friendly.
• Security and privacy functions should be pre‐configured in a
meaningful way. Users should be able to choose from pre‐defined
policies which reflect common sense over the micro management
of all policies for all use cases.

25. 25
Outlook
• Complexity
reduction
• Trust research
• Mental model
research
Image source: http://www.boxesandarrows.com/

26. 26
Thank you for your attention!
Questions?
http://www.utrustit.eu/
@
Peter Wolkerstorfer – wolkerstorfer cure.at