This lecture deliberates on the challenges in facilitating multistakeholder collaboration in tourism development. Lecture given to bachelor students in tourism at the NHTV Breda February 2011
56. Examples from Nepal 3 Increasing income and employment through tourism in Humla?
57. 3. Increasing income and employment 3 Increasing income and employment through tourism in Humla?
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Notes de l'éditeur
This is what we call a ‘classical’ and simplified tourism supply chain, as you know from earlier lectures. All the actors play a direct role (although the can, and are increasingly bypassed) in the supply and demand of tourists to and from destinations.
They are in, what we call, the institutional environment that ‘enables’ tourism supply chains and destinations to function properly.
In sum, we can already see that the number of stakeholders in tourism supply chain and destination development is extensive. This is however, still a small proportion of the real total number of stakeholders
What about the riksjaw drivers, the tour guides, the street vendors, craftsmen and crab fishers?
And what about the urang-utans, the giraffes and the penguins?
But how come it is very unlikely that you will get all these so-called stakeholders on the table? (apart from the fact that animals can’t talk)
Projected wealth: shows the GDP, adjusted for local purchasing power, of the equivalent territory in 2015
Net incoming tourism The size of each territory indicates the number of tourist trips made to that territory minus the number made from that territory to elsewhere.
Aircraft travel In this map, the size of each territory indicates the total distance flown by aircraft registered there.
War deaths 1945-2002 Note the disappearance of Russia, America and Western Europe. The most deaths as a percentage of the population occured in Cambodia, followed by Timor-Leste, Angola, Rwanda, North Korea and Afghanistan.
HIV prevalence The size of each territory shows the number of people aged 15 to 49 with HIV. The highest prevalence exists in Swaziland, where 38 per cent of 15 to 49-year-olds carry the virus. More than a fifth of people in Botswana, Lesotho, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Namibia, within this age range, carry HIV.
Power and wealth are highly unequally distributed around the world. What underlies these power inequalities? What are the resources of power? Power is not something tangible, that you can hold on to. It is not so much the possesion of these things that generates power, but what is being done with it in relation to others. It is the effect that matters!!
Power is exercised through relations with others in a network. From individual to individual, from group to group, from company to company, from state to state, from company to state, from state to group etc. Etc.