SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  4
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
PROFESSIONAL FORUM

                                           STONEWALL JACKSON
                                                                   AND
                                             GEORGE S. PATTON
                                               A Survey of
                                               Leadership
                                                     COLONEL JOSEPH C. CARTER
                                                      MAJOR MICHAEL S. FINER

    “Leadership is the thing that wins            methodology presumes that the best way to         Jackson was accepted into West Point where
battles. I have it, but I’ll be damned if I       prepare the leaders of the future for battle is   he clearly had a difficult time assimilating
can define it. It probably consists of            to study successful leaders in battles of the     with other cadets. Not only was he of humble
knowing what you want to do, and then             past.                                             means and of unusual disposition, his station
doing it and getting mad as hell if anyone           Utilizing the “trait” approach to leadership   was not comparable to incoming plebes such
tries to get in your way.”                        theory, certain common, demonstrable              as George McClellan, A.P. Hill and James
    — The Unknown Patton by Charles               qualities will emerge to assist in the            Longstreet.
Province                                          understanding of what it takes to become a           At West Point, “Old Jack” was most
    Notwithstanding its intangible nature,        superior military leader. We shall examine        remembered for his indelible perseverance,
leadership is often the singular, decisive        the lives of Stonewall Jackson and George         and paradoxically, for his generosity to
element in achieving battlefield success.         Patton to unravel the common qualities of         others. At the end of his first year at West
Other factors, including weapons,                 America’s two finest military tacticians.         Point, he stood 70th in French, 45th in
technology, logistics and industrial                 These Soldiers shared two common               math, and 51st in general merit out of class
capacity, significantly aid an army in            characteristics — strong historical               of 72. Three years later, he stood 5th in
overcoming an adversary. Moreover, these          knowledge and the ability to tactically           ethics (his favorite subject), 12th in
environmental necessities are strategic           employ mass, which made each man a good           engineering and 11th in artillery. Whether
objectives that a nation develops to support      general. General Jackson possessed an             Jackson was less gifted than other students
its armed forces and are usually beyond the       additional mystical leadership quality,           or was educated in an inferior manner, one
immediate control of a commander.                 which allowed him to become the finest            cannot determine. More revealing,
Leadership, however, is the driving               commander to ever fight on American soil.         however, he undeniably demonstrated his
mechanism behind the structural factors           Similarly, General Patton possessed an            indomitable will, his desire to press on, and
that a country provides to its commanders         inspirational leadership quality, which           his fastidious nature by spending inordinate
and it alone, is the “thing that wins battles,”   made him second to only Stonewall Jackson         amounts of time preparing his lessons and
according to General Patton.                      in terms of battlefield success. We shall         continually improving his class standing.
    All else being equal among armies,            endeavor to identify those characteristics
superior leadership will allow one army to        which each man shared, and we shall                  G EORGE S MITH P ATTON , J R . – A
defeat another. More importantly, superior        describe the specific quality which made          Connoisseur of Military History
leadership can inspire a weaker army to           each man a superb military leader, but in            George Smith Patton, Jr. was born into
overcome logistical and physical                  very different ways.                              a loving, patrician family in Southern
disadvantages and thus defeat a force larger                                                        California. In the late 19th century, the
in terms of numbers and equipment.                   T HOMAS J ONATHAN J ACKSON – The               Patton family moved from Virginia to
Leadership is the catalyst of the underlying      Beginning of an Enigma                            California where it accumulated significant
reactions whose ingredients include, but are         Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born in            wealth as cattle farmers and through
not limited to manpower, logistics, morale,       1824 in rural Virginia. His formal education      propitious marital combination. The Patton
and technology.                                   was severely limited by the fact that he was      family enjoyed a long and honorable
    Logically then, the question arises: How      orphaned at the age of 6; he was continually      military heritage, which included Patton’s
can we improve the level of leadership in         shuffled from relative to relative during         grandfather, who was buried a Brigadier
such a way that we, as an army, maximize          childhood and largely without the company         General, after being mortally wounded at
our potential as a fighting force? Our            or support of his siblings. At the age of 17,     the Battle of Winchester in the Shenandoah

10 INFANTRY January-February 2004
Valley, while commanding the 22nd Virginia Regiment.                    message to General Imboden into a more simplistic form in order
   One of the senior Patton’s closest friends was Colonel John          to analyze the specific characteristics that Jackson possessed and
Singleton Mosby, the fabled “grey ghost” of “Jeb” Stuart’s mighty       utilized in battle. Unlike George Patton, published works by
cavalry and the namesake of Mosby’s Rangers. In the book, The           Jackson are rare, and thus, one must infer as to his personal views
Unknown Patton, author Charles Province states that Mosby often         without the assistance of autobiographical or other sources.
visited the Patton’s elegant California ranch. “Colonel Mosby
would reenact the Civil War with George junior; playing himself,           Stonewall’s Rule Number One (Valley and Wilderness
he let George play the part of General Lee as they evoked the           Campaigns) — Mystify, mislead and surprise.
battles of the war…”                                                       Jackson’s most brilliant and well-known use of this precept
   “Georgie” spent one year at VMI (Virginia Military Institute)        occurred when he vanished from the Valley and appeared in the
in preparation for the five that he spent at West Point where, as       First Wilderness Campaign ready, willing and able to attack
the necessity of an additional year indicates, he was an average        McClellan. Unfortunately, McClellan’s hubris contributed to his
student. Whether or not his secondary education was the cause of        total disregard of the possibility that “Old Jack” could have
his lack of achievement at West Point is a matter of conjecture. It     maneuvered his troops so far so quickly. What allowed Jackson
must be noted that Patton did not enter into formal education           to mislead “Young Napoleon” so thoroughly? Remember that
until he was 11 years old, and much speculation has occurred            Jackson achieved a lower class rank at West Point than did
regarding this fact to include the widespread theory that Patton        McClellan, and thus, he was compelled to achieve success by good
was dyslexic. More likely, it appears that Patton’s father preferred    deed, for he was without predisposition to high command due to
education via the oral tradition. For example, during his youth,        station or class standing.
“Georgie” was not taught to read and write. He was entirely read
to. In this manner, the senior Patton believed that “Georgie” would        Stonewall’s Rule Number Two (Chancellorsville) — Press
naturally develop his true interests.                                   on.
   Patton distinguished himself for bravery in both the Mexican            By mercilessly force-marching his army, Jackson appeared at
War and World War I. In the Mexican War, he captured and                Hooker’s rear without detection, despite reports provided to Hooker
killed the bodyguard of Francisco Pancho Villa in a daring, almost      by competent staff officers. On that fateful day, Stonewall Jackson
reckless raid, and in World War I he was cited for battlefield          devastated Hooker’s right flank and rear areas in a classic
bravery.                                                                envelopment movement that caused unprecedented panic and
    During the intervening period between the World Wars, Patton        eventual retreat among the Federals. Jackson’s superior leadership
studied extraordinary amounts of military history. When Patton          was the result, in part, of his personal belief that the mission must
died, it is said that he possessed a military library so vast that it   be accomplished first and foremost, regardless of how hard the
rivaled certain military institutions, a well-utilized advantage of     men must be pushed.
being one of the wealthier officers in the Army. Although he was
intermittently depressed by the lack of warfare during this time            Stonewall’s Rule Number Three (Chancellorsville) — Mass.
period, Patton published several treatises and articles which               In Jackson’s final and most brilliant battle, he integrated all
summarized his conclusions and ideas regarding war to include           three of his time-tested principles in one glorious stroke of military
commentary on leaders of the past to include Caesar, Napoleon           genius. Again at Chancellorsville, Jackson hurled his entire corps
and Stonewall Jackson.                                                  in a vast flanking attack. Lee and Jackson agreed to mass Jackson’s
                                                                        corps for the purpose of attacking Hooker in detail. In the
   Stonewall Jackson’s Maxims                                           confusion of battle, Jackson was killed by his own troops while
   In the book, Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War,           re-entering his lines after infiltrating enemy positions when
author G.F.R. Henderson refers to General Jackson’s personal            reconnoitering the federal battle scenario. On the day of his
discourse with General Imboden. In one message, Jackson noted           greatest victory, he and his doctrine were initiated into immortality
that:                                                                   due to a misunderstanding with friendly sentries.
       “There are two things never to be lost sight of by a military        Although the aforementioned summary of Stonewall’s maxims
   commander. Always mystify, mislead, and surprise the enemy,          does not do a scholar justice, it does concisely represent the
   if possible; and when you strike and overcome him, never give        substance of his success. Jackson applied these simple principles
   up the pursuit as long as your men have strength to follow; for      with logical brilliance and complexity.
   an army routed, if hotly pursued, becomes panic-stricken, and            Jackson demonstrated these principles in his battles in the
   can then be destroyed by half their number. The other rule is,       Valley, at First and Second Manassas, and in the Wilderness to a
   never fight against heavy odds, if by any possible maneuvering       lesser extent. His skills with respect to tactical ability were pure
   you can hurl your own force on only a part, and that the weakest     because, unlike his opponents he was unable to rely on personal
   part, of your enemy and crush it. Such tactics will win every        charisma or natural beauty to inspire his troops. Instead, his
   time, and a small army may thus destroy a large one in detail,       maxims, his indomitable will, his uncanny ability to evaluate
   and repeated victory will make it invincible.”                       topography and his superior feats of personal concentration on
   These remarks of General Jackson, clearly a reflection of            the battlefield allowed him to motivate troops by providing constant
Napoleon’s influence upon him, summarize his thoughts of how            success. By also reporting the first victories to the Confederacy,
an army should fight. I will take the liberty of dissecting Jackson’s   print-media reinforced his successes, and even exaggerated some

                                                                                                  January-February 2004 INFANTRY 11
PROFESSIONAL FORUM
of them. Nonetheless, the prime benefit of
this exposure was an identity and esprit-
de-corps for his troops, something that
General Patton would note in his study of
history.

   Patton’s Military Maxims
   In a paper titled “The Secret of Victory,”
Patton lucidly elaborated his philosophy,
which at the time (March 26, 1926) was
the epic summary of years of intensive
military history study. Patton identified
three essential elements, which he believed
were unequivocally essential for a
commander to possess in order to achieve
the ultimate result — victory.

   Patton’s Three Elements for Victory
   Inspiration * Knowledge * Force (Mass)

   Patton’s Rule Number One —
Inspiration.
   Patton firmly believed that certain
lopsided victories of Caesar, Napoleon, and
                                                                                                                     Department of Defense photo
Grant were the primary result of “spiritual”
                                                General George S. Patton acknowledges the cheers of the crowd in Los Angeles on June 9, 1945.
inspiration and motivation, and the
secondary result of mental ability. Patton      about a third of your command. Move the          Grant presents similar ideas and discusses
explained that there was a distinction          rest in a wide envelopment so you can            their interrelationships. For example,
between mental ability and the execution        attack him from his rear flank.”                 Grant had more success in the campaigns
of battle plans. He commented that                 Patton’s tactical victories in World          in the west than he did in the east against
“Hooker’s plan at Chancellorsville was          War II were characterized by wide                General Lee, even though his forces were
masterly; its execution cost him the battle.”   flanking maneuvering tactics. His march          numerically inferior in the west. In the
     Of course, it may be that the              across France was certainly influenced by        west, however, Grant inspired his troops
superhuman maneuvering of Jackson               the conquests of Caesar in Gaul and              and utilized his superior knowledge of
defeated his plan, a supposition which Sun      Napoleon in Italy. His unrewarded, yet           maneuver to seize Vicksburg and other
Tzu would have agreed with when he              now immortal, relief of the 101st Division       Confederate strongholds against inferior,
observed that: “What is of supreme              at Bastogne was “Stonewallesque” in that         if you will, commanders. Conversely,
importance in war is to attack the enemy’s      he force-marched and pushed foot                 against Robert E. Lee, who possessed, at
strategy.”                                      infantry to inhuman levels.                      the very least, equal abilities with respect
                                                   Patton felt that inspiration was the most     to inspiration and knowledge, Grant was
   Patton’s Rule Number Two —                   important of the three tenets: knowledge         forced to use mass, the least desirable of
Knowledge.                                      and mass being equally less important. He        the three tenets, to achieve victory.
   Patton noted that Napoleon won many          makes an analogy to bread, which                 Accordingly, Grant believed that a general
battles when outnumbered, but he never lost     unleavened will sustain life, but will be dull   should attain victory first by inspiration,
a battle in which he possessed numerically      tasting; however, when leavened, it is           second by superior knowledge or military
superior forces. Patton considered              delicious. Personality (inspiration) is the      arts, and then by mass/force.
Napoleon the epitome of military ability,       leaven of armies. Let us make the                   Patton abided by these tenets in their
and as such comprehensively studied his         assumption that armies produce men of            rightful order. In Sicily, he was forced to
career battles. Patton further postulated       equal military knowledge. Hence, with            utilize mass as a last resort because
that no single element — inspiration,           equal knowledge existent, inspiration will       maneuver was not producing desirable
knowledge, or mass — was dominant.              be the catalyst necessary to win battles, for    results. On the other hand, he inspired his
   In “Helpful Hints for Hopeful Heroes,”       knowledge alone of how to win battles            troops and utilized superior knowledge to
he wrote that “any operation, reduced to        cannot be fully transmitted unencumbered         outmaneuver his opponents in his famous
its primary characteristics, consists of        to subordinates.                                 march across France. Patton, like Jackson,
moving down the road until you bump into                                                         only resorted to mass when faced by an
the enemy… When you have bumped, hold              Patton’s Rule Number Three — Mass.            equally knowledgeable and inspired
him at the point of contact with fire with         In the Memoirs of U.S. Grant, General         commander.

12 INFANTRY January-February 2004
Salient Common Characteristics                                         this is hyperbole, we do not know, but it does unquestionably
   Thomas Jonathan Jackson and George Smith Patton Jr., had               illustrate that Patton had the advantage of studying Stonewall
nothing in common. Jackson was poor and an orphan; Patton                 Jackson.
was wealthy and well loved. Jackson was shy, quiet, and                       What can be said, though, is that both Jackson and Patton had
hypochondriac; Patton was a socialite, athletic at an Olympian            a definite understanding of how successful wars ought to be fought
level, articulate, and extroverted. Jackson was intensely religious;      and those views resulted from studying the great generals of the
Patton’s religion related to convenience. What was not readily            past. As Napoleon observed:
obvious, however, was a common philosophy that was not                        “Read again and again the campaigns of Hannibal, Caesar,
essentially identical. Both men implemented a brand of inspiration        Gustavus Adolphus, Turenne, Eugene, and Frederick. Model
that allowed their troops to maneuver at incredible speeds, and           yourself upon them. This is the only means of becoming a great
thus were able to shock and surprise the enemy with superior force        captain, and of acquiring the secret of the art of war…” (The
at weak points at undesirable times. The differences in personality,      Military Maxims of Napolean, David G. Chandler)
temperament, and station are unmistakable; the similarities in


                                                                             W
leadership, single-mindedness, and knowledge are striking.                                ho would have won a battle between George Patton
   Based on this analysis, there are two identifiable characteristics                    and Stonewall Jackson? It is, of course, difficult to
that both men possessed which made each, and indeed every                                hypothesize upon a matter such as this, for neither
commander who possesses them, a good commander:                           general truly fought against a commander of equal ability, as did
   * Knowledge of history, and                                            Lee and Grant or Napoleon and Wellington, thus affording such a
   * Effective utilization of mass.                                       comparison. By refocusing the question, though, there are other
   Both Generals were devout students of military history and             intangible items that this analysis can assist the current Army in
understood the distinction between effective massing of force and         understanding.
unnecessary slaughter. What characteristics propelled each general            For example, there is an interesting phenomenon that has
to greatness? This is where the similarities end and individuality        manifested throughout modern warfare, and it is particularly
begins. Patton used personal inspiration to motivate his troops,          endemic in the United States Army: Soldiers who succeed during
and his battlefield exploits are legendary. His utilization of            peacetime, administering the Army, and who, as a result, advance
theatrical motivational techniques provided stimuli to his troops         to general officer rank, tend to be unsuccessful in actual combat
which allowed them to have unparalleled success.                          and are summarily replaced by less well-known officers. Both
   Jackson’s mystical qualities made him a demigod among his              Thomas Jackson and George Patton achieved little notoriety during
troops; he was literally worshiped by his men. His philosophy to          their pre-war careers. Although they both fought courageously
never inform his subordinates of his upcoming maneuver plans              and gallantly in wars at junior ranks, their careers proceeded slowly
allowed his armies to abruptly surprise the enemy. His introverted        before the beginning of the next war.
nature and religious fervor often confused his peers; his humility,           Based on an analysis of these two immortal figures, it is striking
                                                                          to realize that there are two distinct pathways for one to historically
lack of ambition, and strict disciplinary nature made him an
                                                                          ascertain general officer status in the Army. The first pathway
enigma. This unpredictability, coupled with his knowledge of
                                                                          develops during peacetime and requires a specific set of
military history and use of mass and maneuver, made Stonewall
                                                                          administrative, political and leadership skills. On the other hand,
Jackson America’s finest tactical general.
                                                                          the second pathway develops during combat and requires distinctly
   Jackson inspired his troops by use of his indomitable will. He
                                                                          different skills, particularly with respect to leadership.
forced his troops to push themselves, and by doing so they were
                                                                              What can one gain from this commentary and analysis? The
successful in their first battle, at First Manassas. Of course, success   following tenets should be internalized by every officer in the Army.
begets success and by gaining their confidence, Jackson was able              To become a good, solid commander follow these precepts:
to apply superior analytical abilities while pushing his forces to            Knowledge – Study the warriors of the past and absorb their
physical exhaustion. Why was he able to do this?                          maxims. These include Caesar, Napoleon, Jackson, Lee, Grant
   Jackson had proven himself as a leader, and his men                    and Patton, for example.
unquestionably believed in him. The praise and glory heaped                   Mass – Understand the difference in the application and use of
upon them only multiplied the utility of Jackson. He in no way            superior and inferior forces.
utilized charm or personal charisma to inspire his troops. In                 To become “a great captain of warfare” apply this principle:
another way, by use of mystique, he inspired his troops, and once             Single-minded determination – Whether it is personal
inspired, he applied his tenets to achieve victory.                       inspiration or mystical qualities, adapt your personality to items
   George Patton utilized personal inspiration and charisma to            one and two and become a true warrior.
motivate his troops. Once inspired and victorious, the troops
naturally adjusted and improved to a level where they felt that              Colonel Joseph C. Carter currently serves as Strategic Planner, Joint
                                                                          Force Headquarters-Massachusetts. He is an Army War College and Army
they were infallible. In addition, Patton was a devout student of
                                                                          Command and General Staff College graduate.
military history, which included a study of Jackson. Patton’s sister          Major Michael S. Finer was commissioned in 1987 from Boston University
once stated that until George was 15, “Georgie” thought that the          ROTC. He is a Navy War College and Marine Corps Command and Staff
steel statues of Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson in their house       College graduate and Ph.D. candidate. He is currently serving as the S-1 of
                                                                          the 26th Infantry Brigade in the Massachusetts Army National Guard.
were those of God and Jesus Christ, respectively! How much of

                                                                                                      January-February 2004 INFANTRY 13

Contenu connexe

En vedette

General George Patton
General George PattonGeneral George Patton
General George PattonMrG
 
Gen. George S. Patton
Gen. George S. PattonGen. George S. Patton
Gen. George S. PattonBenjy12
 
Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8
Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8
Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8Joey Martinez
 
The Assassination of General George S. Patton
The Assassination of General George S. PattonThe Assassination of General George S. Patton
The Assassination of General George S. PattonPeter Hammond
 
14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point
14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point
14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west pointBailey Vincent
 
Martin Luther 205
Martin Luther 205Martin Luther 205
Martin Luther 205VictorLPZ26
 
Leadership and Behavioural Learning - Invictus
Leadership and Behavioural Learning - InvictusLeadership and Behavioural Learning - Invictus
Leadership and Behavioural Learning - InvictusPrakhar Jain
 
Nota sejarah tingkatan 4
Nota sejarah tingkatan 4Nota sejarah tingkatan 4
Nota sejarah tingkatan 4rosmizai
 
Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...
Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...
Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...Rahul Sarkar
 
WWII project: George S. Patton
WWII project: George S. PattonWWII project: George S. Patton
WWII project: George S. PattonAnna Furman
 
Malcolm X Slideshow
Malcolm X SlideshowMalcolm X Slideshow
Malcolm X SlideshowGreg
 
Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill
Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill
Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill Kalpa Suranjith
 
Leadership: Comparison of leadership between different leaders
Leadership: Comparison of leadership between different leadersLeadership: Comparison of leadership between different leaders
Leadership: Comparison of leadership between different leadersShahin Imtiaz
 
Pablo Escobar
Pablo EscobarPablo Escobar
Pablo Escobareng220
 
Leadership of barack obama
Leadership of barack obamaLeadership of barack obama
Leadership of barack obamaSadia Liaqat
 

En vedette (20)

General George Patton
General George PattonGeneral George Patton
General George Patton
 
Gen. George S. Patton
Gen. George S. PattonGen. George S. Patton
Gen. George S. Patton
 
Patton
PattonPatton
Patton
 
Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8
Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8
Dwight d. eisenhower power point week 8
 
The Assassination of General George S. Patton
The Assassination of General George S. PattonThe Assassination of General George S. Patton
The Assassination of General George S. Patton
 
14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point
14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point
14 2 overview of mjp leadership - west point
 
Martin Luther 205
Martin Luther 205Martin Luther 205
Martin Luther 205
 
Leadership and Behavioural Learning - Invictus
Leadership and Behavioural Learning - InvictusLeadership and Behavioural Learning - Invictus
Leadership and Behavioural Learning - Invictus
 
Cultural transformation
Cultural transformationCultural transformation
Cultural transformation
 
Nota sejarah tingkatan 4
Nota sejarah tingkatan 4Nota sejarah tingkatan 4
Nota sejarah tingkatan 4
 
Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...
Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...
Comparative Study of Two Iconic Leaders: Contrasting cross-cultural leadershi...
 
Eisenhower
EisenhowerEisenhower
Eisenhower
 
WWII project: George S. Patton
WWII project: George S. PattonWWII project: George S. Patton
WWII project: George S. Patton
 
Malcolm X Slideshow
Malcolm X SlideshowMalcolm X Slideshow
Malcolm X Slideshow
 
Malcolm x
Malcolm xMalcolm x
Malcolm x
 
Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill
Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill
Leadership Presentation on Sir Winston churchill
 
Leadership: Comparison of leadership between different leaders
Leadership: Comparison of leadership between different leadersLeadership: Comparison of leadership between different leaders
Leadership: Comparison of leadership between different leaders
 
Pablo Escobar
Pablo EscobarPablo Escobar
Pablo Escobar
 
Leadership of barack obama
Leadership of barack obamaLeadership of barack obama
Leadership of barack obama
 
Leadership Development Presentation
Leadership Development PresentationLeadership Development Presentation
Leadership Development Presentation
 

Similaire à Leadership article on General George Patton and General Stonewall Jackson

George S. Patton Jr, Visionary Leadership
George S. Patton Jr, Visionary LeadershipGeorge S. Patton Jr, Visionary Leadership
George S. Patton Jr, Visionary LeadershipLynn Weber
 
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Essay
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson EssayThomas “Stonewall” Jackson Essay
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson EssayJenn Smith
 
Stonewall Jackson Essays
Stonewall Jackson EssaysStonewall Jackson Essays
Stonewall Jackson EssaysMelanie Russell
 
The American Civil War By Robert G. Tanner
The American Civil War By Robert G. TannerThe American Civil War By Robert G. Tanner
The American Civil War By Robert G. TannerLaura Torres
 
Southern Culture And The Circumstances Of The War
Southern Culture And The Circumstances Of The WarSouthern Culture And The Circumstances Of The War
Southern Culture And The Circumstances Of The WarCynthia Lamarche
 
Stonewall Jackson Military Style
Stonewall Jackson Military StyleStonewall Jackson Military Style
Stonewall Jackson Military StyleNancy Jarjis
 
Who Is Stonewall Jackson A Hero
Who Is Stonewall Jackson A HeroWho Is Stonewall Jackson A Hero
Who Is Stonewall Jackson A HeroRenee Reed
 
The Battle Of Chancellorsville Essay
The Battle Of Chancellorsville EssayThe Battle Of Chancellorsville Essay
The Battle Of Chancellorsville EssayMonique Jones
 
Grant Vs Mcclellan Comare And Contrast
Grant Vs Mcclellan Comare And ContrastGrant Vs Mcclellan Comare And Contrast
Grant Vs Mcclellan Comare And ContrastCatherine Aguirre
 
The Battle Of Chancellorsville Campaign
The Battle Of Chancellorsville CampaignThe Battle Of Chancellorsville Campaign
The Battle Of Chancellorsville CampaignVictoria Dillard
 
George S Patton Achievements
George S Patton AchievementsGeorge S Patton Achievements
George S Patton AchievementsJulie Kwhl
 
Stonewall Jackson Qualities Of Leadership
Stonewall Jackson Qualities Of LeadershipStonewall Jackson Qualities Of Leadership
Stonewall Jackson Qualities Of LeadershipJulie Morales
 
Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...
Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...
Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...Diane Allen
 
What Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of Antietam
What Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of AntietamWhat Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of Antietam
What Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of AntietamBrooke Curtis
 
John Buford Achievements
John Buford AchievementsJohn Buford Achievements
John Buford AchievementsErin Ross
 
George Patton Leadership Qualities
George Patton Leadership QualitiesGeorge Patton Leadership Qualities
George Patton Leadership QualitiesKate Miller
 
Stonewall Jackson Research Paper
Stonewall Jackson Research PaperStonewall Jackson Research Paper
Stonewall Jackson Research PaperAbby Johnson
 
Lieutenant General William Tunner
Lieutenant General William TunnerLieutenant General William Tunner
Lieutenant General William TunnerKristen Lee
 
The Epic Series of War, Duty and Loyalty
The Epic Series of War, Duty and LoyaltyThe Epic Series of War, Duty and Loyalty
The Epic Series of War, Duty and LoyaltyBob Mayer
 

Similaire à Leadership article on General George Patton and General Stonewall Jackson (20)

George S. Patton Jr, Visionary Leadership
George S. Patton Jr, Visionary LeadershipGeorge S. Patton Jr, Visionary Leadership
George S. Patton Jr, Visionary Leadership
 
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Essay
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson EssayThomas “Stonewall” Jackson Essay
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Essay
 
Stonewall Jackson Essays
Stonewall Jackson EssaysStonewall Jackson Essays
Stonewall Jackson Essays
 
The American Civil War By Robert G. Tanner
The American Civil War By Robert G. TannerThe American Civil War By Robert G. Tanner
The American Civil War By Robert G. Tanner
 
George S Patton Emotions
George S Patton EmotionsGeorge S Patton Emotions
George S Patton Emotions
 
Southern Culture And The Circumstances Of The War
Southern Culture And The Circumstances Of The WarSouthern Culture And The Circumstances Of The War
Southern Culture And The Circumstances Of The War
 
Stonewall Jackson Military Style
Stonewall Jackson Military StyleStonewall Jackson Military Style
Stonewall Jackson Military Style
 
Who Is Stonewall Jackson A Hero
Who Is Stonewall Jackson A HeroWho Is Stonewall Jackson A Hero
Who Is Stonewall Jackson A Hero
 
The Battle Of Chancellorsville Essay
The Battle Of Chancellorsville EssayThe Battle Of Chancellorsville Essay
The Battle Of Chancellorsville Essay
 
Grant Vs Mcclellan Comare And Contrast
Grant Vs Mcclellan Comare And ContrastGrant Vs Mcclellan Comare And Contrast
Grant Vs Mcclellan Comare And Contrast
 
The Battle Of Chancellorsville Campaign
The Battle Of Chancellorsville CampaignThe Battle Of Chancellorsville Campaign
The Battle Of Chancellorsville Campaign
 
George S Patton Achievements
George S Patton AchievementsGeorge S Patton Achievements
George S Patton Achievements
 
Stonewall Jackson Qualities Of Leadership
Stonewall Jackson Qualities Of LeadershipStonewall Jackson Qualities Of Leadership
Stonewall Jackson Qualities Of Leadership
 
Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...
Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...
Stonewall Jackson During The American Civil War.pdfStonewall Jackson During T...
 
What Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of Antietam
What Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of AntietamWhat Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of Antietam
What Is Sears Thesis For The Battle Of Antietam
 
John Buford Achievements
John Buford AchievementsJohn Buford Achievements
John Buford Achievements
 
George Patton Leadership Qualities
George Patton Leadership QualitiesGeorge Patton Leadership Qualities
George Patton Leadership Qualities
 
Stonewall Jackson Research Paper
Stonewall Jackson Research PaperStonewall Jackson Research Paper
Stonewall Jackson Research Paper
 
Lieutenant General William Tunner
Lieutenant General William TunnerLieutenant General William Tunner
Lieutenant General William Tunner
 
The Epic Series of War, Duty and Loyalty
The Epic Series of War, Duty and LoyaltyThe Epic Series of War, Duty and Loyalty
The Epic Series of War, Duty and Loyalty
 

Plus de Finer Wealth Management, Inc.

Major league investments march 11_2013_economic update
Major league investments march 11_2013_economic updateMajor league investments march 11_2013_economic update
Major league investments march 11_2013_economic updateFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
Major league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment update
Major league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment updateMajor league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment update
Major league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment updateFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
September 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investmentsSeptember 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investmentsFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
September 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investmentsSeptember 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investmentsFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
Major league investments july 30 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 30 2012_economic updateMajor league investments july 30 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 30 2012_economic updateFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
Major league investments july 23 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 23 2012_economic updateMajor league investments july 23 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 23 2012_economic updateFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
Andy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael Finer
Andy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael FinerAndy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael Finer
Andy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael FinerFiner Wealth Management, Inc.
 
Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012
Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012
Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012Finer Wealth Management, Inc.
 

Plus de Finer Wealth Management, Inc. (20)

Finer Wealth Management Presentation and Overview
Finer Wealth Management  Presentation and OverviewFiner Wealth Management  Presentation and Overview
Finer Wealth Management Presentation and Overview
 
March 25 2013 economic update
March 25 2013 economic updateMarch 25 2013 economic update
March 25 2013 economic update
 
Common deductions taxpayers overlook
Common deductions taxpayers overlookCommon deductions taxpayers overlook
Common deductions taxpayers overlook
 
Major league investments march 11_2013_economic update
Major league investments march 11_2013_economic updateMajor league investments march 11_2013_economic update
Major league investments march 11_2013_economic update
 
February 25 2013 economic update
February 25 2013 economic updateFebruary 25 2013 economic update
February 25 2013 economic update
 
Weekely economic update october 22 2012
Weekely economic update october 22 2012Weekely economic update october 22 2012
Weekely economic update october 22 2012
 
Major league investments oct 15 2012
Major league investments oct 15 2012Major league investments oct 15 2012
Major league investments oct 15 2012
 
Major league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment update
Major league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment updateMajor league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment update
Major league investments october 1 2012 economic and investment update
 
September 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investmentsSeptember 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 17 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
 
Weekly economic update september 10 2012
Weekly economic update september 10 2012Weekly economic update september 10 2012
Weekly economic update september 10 2012
 
September 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investmentsSeptember 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
September 3, 2012 weekly economic update major league investments
 
Weekly Economic Update August 6 2012
Weekly Economic Update August 6 2012Weekly Economic Update August 6 2012
Weekly Economic Update August 6 2012
 
Major league investments july 30 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 30 2012_economic updateMajor league investments july 30 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 30 2012_economic update
 
Major league investments july 23 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 23 2012_economic updateMajor league investments july 23 2012_economic update
Major league investments july 23 2012_economic update
 
The case for precious metals may 2012
The case for precious metals may 2012The case for precious metals may 2012
The case for precious metals may 2012
 
Andy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael Finer
Andy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael FinerAndy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael Finer
Andy Williams Money Magazine Advice by Michael Finer
 
Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012
Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012
Major league investments weekly economic_update_june_18_2012
 
The case for precious metals may 2012
The case for precious metals may 2012The case for precious metals may 2012
The case for precious metals may 2012
 
Major league investments montoya newsletter
Major league investments montoya newsletterMajor league investments montoya newsletter
Major league investments montoya newsletter
 
Major League Investments Brochure
Major League Investments BrochureMajor League Investments Brochure
Major League Investments Brochure
 

Dernier

20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal. .pptx
20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal.    .pptx20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal.    .pptx
20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal. .pptxFinTech Belgium
 
Slideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptx
Slideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptxSlideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptx
Slideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptxOffice for National Statistics
 
20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf
20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf
20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdfAdnet Communications
 
Taipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for Tourism
Taipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for TourismTaipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for Tourism
Taipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for TourismBrian Lin
 
Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]
Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]
Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]Commonwealth
 
Buy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptx
Buy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptxBuy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptx
Buy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptxPrecize Formely Leadoff
 
Hungarys economy made by Robert Miklos
Hungarys economy   made by Robert MiklosHungarys economy   made by Robert Miklos
Hungarys economy made by Robert Miklosbeduinpower135
 
RWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGecko
RWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGeckoRWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGecko
RWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGeckoCoinGecko
 
Lundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdf
Lundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdfLundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdf
Lundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdfAdnet Communications
 
Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024
Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024
Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024Guillaume Ⓥ Sarlat
 
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdfStock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdfMichael Silva
 
Introduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an Entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an EntrepreneurIntroduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an Entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an Entrepreneurabcisahunter
 
Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...
Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...
Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...Matthews Bantsijang
 
2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation
2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation
2024.03 Strategic Resources PresentationAdnet Communications
 
Solution manual for Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...
Solution manual for  Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...Solution manual for  Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...
Solution manual for Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...mwangimwangi222
 
Contracts with Interdependent Preferences
Contracts with Interdependent PreferencesContracts with Interdependent Preferences
Contracts with Interdependent PreferencesGRAPE
 
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdfStock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdfMichael Silva
 
India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023
India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023
India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023SkillCircle
 
Work and Pensions report into UK corporate DB funding
Work and Pensions report into UK corporate DB fundingWork and Pensions report into UK corporate DB funding
Work and Pensions report into UK corporate DB fundingHenry Tapper
 

Dernier (20)

Commercial Bank Economic Capsule - March 2024
Commercial Bank Economic Capsule - March 2024Commercial Bank Economic Capsule - March 2024
Commercial Bank Economic Capsule - March 2024
 
20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal. .pptx
20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal.    .pptx20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal.    .pptx
20240315 _E-Invoicing Digiteal. .pptx
 
Slideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptx
Slideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptxSlideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptx
Slideshare - ONS Economic Forum Slidepack - 18 March 2024.pptx
 
20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf
20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf
20240314 Calibre March 2024 Investor Presentation (FINAL).pdf
 
Taipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for Tourism
Taipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for TourismTaipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for Tourism
Taipei, A Hidden Jewel in East Asia - PR Strategy for Tourism
 
Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]
Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]
Monthly Market Risk Update: March 2024 [SlideShare]
 
Buy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptx
Buy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptxBuy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptx
Buy and Sell Urban Tots unlisted shares.pptx
 
Hungarys economy made by Robert Miklos
Hungarys economy   made by Robert MiklosHungarys economy   made by Robert Miklos
Hungarys economy made by Robert Miklos
 
RWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGecko
RWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGeckoRWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGecko
RWA Report 2024: Rise of Real-World Assets in Crypto | CoinGecko
 
Lundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdf
Lundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdfLundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdf
Lundin Gold March 2024 Corporate Presentation - PDAC v1.pdf
 
Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024
Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024
Sarlat Advisory - Corporate Brochure - 2024
 
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdfStock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 19 2024.pdf
 
Introduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an Entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an EntrepreneurIntroduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an Entrepreneur
Introduction to Entrepreneurship and Characteristics of an Entrepreneur
 
Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...
Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...
Remembering my Totem _Unity is Strength_ growing in Bophuthatswana_Matthews B...
 
2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation
2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation
2024.03 Strategic Resources Presentation
 
Solution manual for Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...
Solution manual for  Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...Solution manual for  Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...
Solution manual for Intermediate Accounting, 11th Edition by David Spiceland...
 
Contracts with Interdependent Preferences
Contracts with Interdependent PreferencesContracts with Interdependent Preferences
Contracts with Interdependent Preferences
 
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdfStock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdf
Stock Market Brief Deck for March 26.pdf
 
India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023
India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023
India Economic Survey Complete for the year of 2022 to 2023
 
Work and Pensions report into UK corporate DB funding
Work and Pensions report into UK corporate DB fundingWork and Pensions report into UK corporate DB funding
Work and Pensions report into UK corporate DB funding
 

Leadership article on General George Patton and General Stonewall Jackson

  • 1. PROFESSIONAL FORUM STONEWALL JACKSON AND GEORGE S. PATTON A Survey of Leadership COLONEL JOSEPH C. CARTER MAJOR MICHAEL S. FINER “Leadership is the thing that wins methodology presumes that the best way to Jackson was accepted into West Point where battles. I have it, but I’ll be damned if I prepare the leaders of the future for battle is he clearly had a difficult time assimilating can define it. It probably consists of to study successful leaders in battles of the with other cadets. Not only was he of humble knowing what you want to do, and then past. means and of unusual disposition, his station doing it and getting mad as hell if anyone Utilizing the “trait” approach to leadership was not comparable to incoming plebes such tries to get in your way.” theory, certain common, demonstrable as George McClellan, A.P. Hill and James — The Unknown Patton by Charles qualities will emerge to assist in the Longstreet. Province understanding of what it takes to become a At West Point, “Old Jack” was most Notwithstanding its intangible nature, superior military leader. We shall examine remembered for his indelible perseverance, leadership is often the singular, decisive the lives of Stonewall Jackson and George and paradoxically, for his generosity to element in achieving battlefield success. Patton to unravel the common qualities of others. At the end of his first year at West Other factors, including weapons, America’s two finest military tacticians. Point, he stood 70th in French, 45th in technology, logistics and industrial These Soldiers shared two common math, and 51st in general merit out of class capacity, significantly aid an army in characteristics — strong historical of 72. Three years later, he stood 5th in overcoming an adversary. Moreover, these knowledge and the ability to tactically ethics (his favorite subject), 12th in environmental necessities are strategic employ mass, which made each man a good engineering and 11th in artillery. Whether objectives that a nation develops to support general. General Jackson possessed an Jackson was less gifted than other students its armed forces and are usually beyond the additional mystical leadership quality, or was educated in an inferior manner, one immediate control of a commander. which allowed him to become the finest cannot determine. More revealing, Leadership, however, is the driving commander to ever fight on American soil. however, he undeniably demonstrated his mechanism behind the structural factors Similarly, General Patton possessed an indomitable will, his desire to press on, and that a country provides to its commanders inspirational leadership quality, which his fastidious nature by spending inordinate and it alone, is the “thing that wins battles,” made him second to only Stonewall Jackson amounts of time preparing his lessons and according to General Patton. in terms of battlefield success. We shall continually improving his class standing. All else being equal among armies, endeavor to identify those characteristics superior leadership will allow one army to which each man shared, and we shall G EORGE S MITH P ATTON , J R . – A defeat another. More importantly, superior describe the specific quality which made Connoisseur of Military History leadership can inspire a weaker army to each man a superb military leader, but in George Smith Patton, Jr. was born into overcome logistical and physical very different ways. a loving, patrician family in Southern disadvantages and thus defeat a force larger California. In the late 19th century, the in terms of numbers and equipment. T HOMAS J ONATHAN J ACKSON – The Patton family moved from Virginia to Leadership is the catalyst of the underlying Beginning of an Enigma California where it accumulated significant reactions whose ingredients include, but are Thomas Jonathan Jackson was born in wealth as cattle farmers and through not limited to manpower, logistics, morale, 1824 in rural Virginia. His formal education propitious marital combination. The Patton and technology. was severely limited by the fact that he was family enjoyed a long and honorable Logically then, the question arises: How orphaned at the age of 6; he was continually military heritage, which included Patton’s can we improve the level of leadership in shuffled from relative to relative during grandfather, who was buried a Brigadier such a way that we, as an army, maximize childhood and largely without the company General, after being mortally wounded at our potential as a fighting force? Our or support of his siblings. At the age of 17, the Battle of Winchester in the Shenandoah 10 INFANTRY January-February 2004
  • 2. Valley, while commanding the 22nd Virginia Regiment. message to General Imboden into a more simplistic form in order One of the senior Patton’s closest friends was Colonel John to analyze the specific characteristics that Jackson possessed and Singleton Mosby, the fabled “grey ghost” of “Jeb” Stuart’s mighty utilized in battle. Unlike George Patton, published works by cavalry and the namesake of Mosby’s Rangers. In the book, The Jackson are rare, and thus, one must infer as to his personal views Unknown Patton, author Charles Province states that Mosby often without the assistance of autobiographical or other sources. visited the Patton’s elegant California ranch. “Colonel Mosby would reenact the Civil War with George junior; playing himself, Stonewall’s Rule Number One (Valley and Wilderness he let George play the part of General Lee as they evoked the Campaigns) — Mystify, mislead and surprise. battles of the war…” Jackson’s most brilliant and well-known use of this precept “Georgie” spent one year at VMI (Virginia Military Institute) occurred when he vanished from the Valley and appeared in the in preparation for the five that he spent at West Point where, as First Wilderness Campaign ready, willing and able to attack the necessity of an additional year indicates, he was an average McClellan. Unfortunately, McClellan’s hubris contributed to his student. Whether or not his secondary education was the cause of total disregard of the possibility that “Old Jack” could have his lack of achievement at West Point is a matter of conjecture. It maneuvered his troops so far so quickly. What allowed Jackson must be noted that Patton did not enter into formal education to mislead “Young Napoleon” so thoroughly? Remember that until he was 11 years old, and much speculation has occurred Jackson achieved a lower class rank at West Point than did regarding this fact to include the widespread theory that Patton McClellan, and thus, he was compelled to achieve success by good was dyslexic. More likely, it appears that Patton’s father preferred deed, for he was without predisposition to high command due to education via the oral tradition. For example, during his youth, station or class standing. “Georgie” was not taught to read and write. He was entirely read to. In this manner, the senior Patton believed that “Georgie” would Stonewall’s Rule Number Two (Chancellorsville) — Press naturally develop his true interests. on. Patton distinguished himself for bravery in both the Mexican By mercilessly force-marching his army, Jackson appeared at War and World War I. In the Mexican War, he captured and Hooker’s rear without detection, despite reports provided to Hooker killed the bodyguard of Francisco Pancho Villa in a daring, almost by competent staff officers. On that fateful day, Stonewall Jackson reckless raid, and in World War I he was cited for battlefield devastated Hooker’s right flank and rear areas in a classic bravery. envelopment movement that caused unprecedented panic and During the intervening period between the World Wars, Patton eventual retreat among the Federals. Jackson’s superior leadership studied extraordinary amounts of military history. When Patton was the result, in part, of his personal belief that the mission must died, it is said that he possessed a military library so vast that it be accomplished first and foremost, regardless of how hard the rivaled certain military institutions, a well-utilized advantage of men must be pushed. being one of the wealthier officers in the Army. Although he was intermittently depressed by the lack of warfare during this time Stonewall’s Rule Number Three (Chancellorsville) — Mass. period, Patton published several treatises and articles which In Jackson’s final and most brilliant battle, he integrated all summarized his conclusions and ideas regarding war to include three of his time-tested principles in one glorious stroke of military commentary on leaders of the past to include Caesar, Napoleon genius. Again at Chancellorsville, Jackson hurled his entire corps and Stonewall Jackson. in a vast flanking attack. Lee and Jackson agreed to mass Jackson’s corps for the purpose of attacking Hooker in detail. In the Stonewall Jackson’s Maxims confusion of battle, Jackson was killed by his own troops while In the book, Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War, re-entering his lines after infiltrating enemy positions when author G.F.R. Henderson refers to General Jackson’s personal reconnoitering the federal battle scenario. On the day of his discourse with General Imboden. In one message, Jackson noted greatest victory, he and his doctrine were initiated into immortality that: due to a misunderstanding with friendly sentries. “There are two things never to be lost sight of by a military Although the aforementioned summary of Stonewall’s maxims commander. Always mystify, mislead, and surprise the enemy, does not do a scholar justice, it does concisely represent the if possible; and when you strike and overcome him, never give substance of his success. Jackson applied these simple principles up the pursuit as long as your men have strength to follow; for with logical brilliance and complexity. an army routed, if hotly pursued, becomes panic-stricken, and Jackson demonstrated these principles in his battles in the can then be destroyed by half their number. The other rule is, Valley, at First and Second Manassas, and in the Wilderness to a never fight against heavy odds, if by any possible maneuvering lesser extent. His skills with respect to tactical ability were pure you can hurl your own force on only a part, and that the weakest because, unlike his opponents he was unable to rely on personal part, of your enemy and crush it. Such tactics will win every charisma or natural beauty to inspire his troops. Instead, his time, and a small army may thus destroy a large one in detail, maxims, his indomitable will, his uncanny ability to evaluate and repeated victory will make it invincible.” topography and his superior feats of personal concentration on These remarks of General Jackson, clearly a reflection of the battlefield allowed him to motivate troops by providing constant Napoleon’s influence upon him, summarize his thoughts of how success. By also reporting the first victories to the Confederacy, an army should fight. I will take the liberty of dissecting Jackson’s print-media reinforced his successes, and even exaggerated some January-February 2004 INFANTRY 11
  • 3. PROFESSIONAL FORUM of them. Nonetheless, the prime benefit of this exposure was an identity and esprit- de-corps for his troops, something that General Patton would note in his study of history. Patton’s Military Maxims In a paper titled “The Secret of Victory,” Patton lucidly elaborated his philosophy, which at the time (March 26, 1926) was the epic summary of years of intensive military history study. Patton identified three essential elements, which he believed were unequivocally essential for a commander to possess in order to achieve the ultimate result — victory. Patton’s Three Elements for Victory Inspiration * Knowledge * Force (Mass) Patton’s Rule Number One — Inspiration. Patton firmly believed that certain lopsided victories of Caesar, Napoleon, and Department of Defense photo Grant were the primary result of “spiritual” General George S. Patton acknowledges the cheers of the crowd in Los Angeles on June 9, 1945. inspiration and motivation, and the secondary result of mental ability. Patton about a third of your command. Move the Grant presents similar ideas and discusses explained that there was a distinction rest in a wide envelopment so you can their interrelationships. For example, between mental ability and the execution attack him from his rear flank.” Grant had more success in the campaigns of battle plans. He commented that Patton’s tactical victories in World in the west than he did in the east against “Hooker’s plan at Chancellorsville was War II were characterized by wide General Lee, even though his forces were masterly; its execution cost him the battle.” flanking maneuvering tactics. His march numerically inferior in the west. In the Of course, it may be that the across France was certainly influenced by west, however, Grant inspired his troops superhuman maneuvering of Jackson the conquests of Caesar in Gaul and and utilized his superior knowledge of defeated his plan, a supposition which Sun Napoleon in Italy. His unrewarded, yet maneuver to seize Vicksburg and other Tzu would have agreed with when he now immortal, relief of the 101st Division Confederate strongholds against inferior, observed that: “What is of supreme at Bastogne was “Stonewallesque” in that if you will, commanders. Conversely, importance in war is to attack the enemy’s he force-marched and pushed foot against Robert E. Lee, who possessed, at strategy.” infantry to inhuman levels. the very least, equal abilities with respect Patton felt that inspiration was the most to inspiration and knowledge, Grant was Patton’s Rule Number Two — important of the three tenets: knowledge forced to use mass, the least desirable of Knowledge. and mass being equally less important. He the three tenets, to achieve victory. Patton noted that Napoleon won many makes an analogy to bread, which Accordingly, Grant believed that a general battles when outnumbered, but he never lost unleavened will sustain life, but will be dull should attain victory first by inspiration, a battle in which he possessed numerically tasting; however, when leavened, it is second by superior knowledge or military superior forces. Patton considered delicious. Personality (inspiration) is the arts, and then by mass/force. Napoleon the epitome of military ability, leaven of armies. Let us make the Patton abided by these tenets in their and as such comprehensively studied his assumption that armies produce men of rightful order. In Sicily, he was forced to career battles. Patton further postulated equal military knowledge. Hence, with utilize mass as a last resort because that no single element — inspiration, equal knowledge existent, inspiration will maneuver was not producing desirable knowledge, or mass — was dominant. be the catalyst necessary to win battles, for results. On the other hand, he inspired his In “Helpful Hints for Hopeful Heroes,” knowledge alone of how to win battles troops and utilized superior knowledge to he wrote that “any operation, reduced to cannot be fully transmitted unencumbered outmaneuver his opponents in his famous its primary characteristics, consists of to subordinates. march across France. Patton, like Jackson, moving down the road until you bump into only resorted to mass when faced by an the enemy… When you have bumped, hold Patton’s Rule Number Three — Mass. equally knowledgeable and inspired him at the point of contact with fire with In the Memoirs of U.S. Grant, General commander. 12 INFANTRY January-February 2004
  • 4. Salient Common Characteristics this is hyperbole, we do not know, but it does unquestionably Thomas Jonathan Jackson and George Smith Patton Jr., had illustrate that Patton had the advantage of studying Stonewall nothing in common. Jackson was poor and an orphan; Patton Jackson. was wealthy and well loved. Jackson was shy, quiet, and What can be said, though, is that both Jackson and Patton had hypochondriac; Patton was a socialite, athletic at an Olympian a definite understanding of how successful wars ought to be fought level, articulate, and extroverted. Jackson was intensely religious; and those views resulted from studying the great generals of the Patton’s religion related to convenience. What was not readily past. As Napoleon observed: obvious, however, was a common philosophy that was not “Read again and again the campaigns of Hannibal, Caesar, essentially identical. Both men implemented a brand of inspiration Gustavus Adolphus, Turenne, Eugene, and Frederick. Model that allowed their troops to maneuver at incredible speeds, and yourself upon them. This is the only means of becoming a great thus were able to shock and surprise the enemy with superior force captain, and of acquiring the secret of the art of war…” (The at weak points at undesirable times. The differences in personality, Military Maxims of Napolean, David G. Chandler) temperament, and station are unmistakable; the similarities in W leadership, single-mindedness, and knowledge are striking. ho would have won a battle between George Patton Based on this analysis, there are two identifiable characteristics and Stonewall Jackson? It is, of course, difficult to that both men possessed which made each, and indeed every hypothesize upon a matter such as this, for neither commander who possesses them, a good commander: general truly fought against a commander of equal ability, as did * Knowledge of history, and Lee and Grant or Napoleon and Wellington, thus affording such a * Effective utilization of mass. comparison. By refocusing the question, though, there are other Both Generals were devout students of military history and intangible items that this analysis can assist the current Army in understood the distinction between effective massing of force and understanding. unnecessary slaughter. What characteristics propelled each general For example, there is an interesting phenomenon that has to greatness? This is where the similarities end and individuality manifested throughout modern warfare, and it is particularly begins. Patton used personal inspiration to motivate his troops, endemic in the United States Army: Soldiers who succeed during and his battlefield exploits are legendary. His utilization of peacetime, administering the Army, and who, as a result, advance theatrical motivational techniques provided stimuli to his troops to general officer rank, tend to be unsuccessful in actual combat which allowed them to have unparalleled success. and are summarily replaced by less well-known officers. Both Jackson’s mystical qualities made him a demigod among his Thomas Jackson and George Patton achieved little notoriety during troops; he was literally worshiped by his men. His philosophy to their pre-war careers. Although they both fought courageously never inform his subordinates of his upcoming maneuver plans and gallantly in wars at junior ranks, their careers proceeded slowly allowed his armies to abruptly surprise the enemy. His introverted before the beginning of the next war. nature and religious fervor often confused his peers; his humility, Based on an analysis of these two immortal figures, it is striking to realize that there are two distinct pathways for one to historically lack of ambition, and strict disciplinary nature made him an ascertain general officer status in the Army. The first pathway enigma. This unpredictability, coupled with his knowledge of develops during peacetime and requires a specific set of military history and use of mass and maneuver, made Stonewall administrative, political and leadership skills. On the other hand, Jackson America’s finest tactical general. the second pathway develops during combat and requires distinctly Jackson inspired his troops by use of his indomitable will. He different skills, particularly with respect to leadership. forced his troops to push themselves, and by doing so they were What can one gain from this commentary and analysis? The successful in their first battle, at First Manassas. Of course, success following tenets should be internalized by every officer in the Army. begets success and by gaining their confidence, Jackson was able To become a good, solid commander follow these precepts: to apply superior analytical abilities while pushing his forces to Knowledge – Study the warriors of the past and absorb their physical exhaustion. Why was he able to do this? maxims. These include Caesar, Napoleon, Jackson, Lee, Grant Jackson had proven himself as a leader, and his men and Patton, for example. unquestionably believed in him. The praise and glory heaped Mass – Understand the difference in the application and use of upon them only multiplied the utility of Jackson. He in no way superior and inferior forces. utilized charm or personal charisma to inspire his troops. In To become “a great captain of warfare” apply this principle: another way, by use of mystique, he inspired his troops, and once Single-minded determination – Whether it is personal inspired, he applied his tenets to achieve victory. inspiration or mystical qualities, adapt your personality to items George Patton utilized personal inspiration and charisma to one and two and become a true warrior. motivate his troops. Once inspired and victorious, the troops naturally adjusted and improved to a level where they felt that Colonel Joseph C. Carter currently serves as Strategic Planner, Joint Force Headquarters-Massachusetts. He is an Army War College and Army they were infallible. In addition, Patton was a devout student of Command and General Staff College graduate. military history, which included a study of Jackson. Patton’s sister Major Michael S. Finer was commissioned in 1987 from Boston University once stated that until George was 15, “Georgie” thought that the ROTC. He is a Navy War College and Marine Corps Command and Staff steel statues of Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson in their house College graduate and Ph.D. candidate. He is currently serving as the S-1 of the 26th Infantry Brigade in the Massachusetts Army National Guard. were those of God and Jesus Christ, respectively! How much of January-February 2004 INFANTRY 13