The document provides information about HIV/AIDS cases and deaths over time. It notes that AIDS was first referred to in 1985 and was the number 1 killer in Africa by 1994. The first Philippine case was reported in 1984 and the Philippine National AIDS Council was established in 1993.

1. 1985 1991 1994

2. First cases appear
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
is used to refer to the disease; First AIDS cases
reported in Africa
HIV is isolated
AIDS becomes the No. 1 killer in Africa
Philippine National AIDS Council 2

3. +++++++++++++++++++++

4. First case reported
Establishment of PNAC
Enactment of RA 8504
Adoption of Implementing Rules and
Regulations drafted by multisectoral
members of the PNAC
Philippine National AIDS Council 4

5. Where did HIV come from?
Most likely theory:
“Crossed over" into the human population from a
particular species of Chimpanzee.
Probably through blood contact that occurred during
hunting and field dressing of the animal.
5

6. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
Can only infect human beings
Attacks the body’s immune
system by weakening its defenses against
diseases/infections
An organism, a characteristic of which is that it
reproduces itself, taking over the machinery of the
human cell
6

7. How HIV infects ?
CD4
CD4 cell helps us to fight against various infections

8. How HIV infects ?
HIV
OI’s
HIV attacks CD4 cell, multiply inside and gradually kills them.
Once CD4 are destroyed our body’s resistance to fight infections
goes down and person suffers from lots of infections

9. How HIV infects ?
This end stage of HIV infection is called AIDS. It takes many years for AIDS to
develop and till that time infected person usually remains healthy.

10. Overview of HIV
Natural History of HIV Infection
1000
900
CD4+ T cells
800
700
Acute HIV
infection TB
600 syndrome Asymptomatic
500
HZV
CD4+ Cell Count
400 Window
Period OHL
Relative level of
300 Plasma HIV-RNA OC
200 PPE
PCP
100 CM
Antibody CMV, MAC
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Months …….. Years after HIV Infection
National AIDS/STI Prevention and Control National AIDS/STI Prevention & Control
Program Program Module 1 Sub Module 3 – PPT02
Department of Health

11. A Acquired Transmitted from person to person.
It affects the body's immune system, part of the
I Immune- body which usually works to fight off germs such
as bacteria and viruses.
D Deficiency It makes the immune system work improperly.
S Syndrome Someone with AIDS may experience a wide range
of different diseases and opportunistic infections.
Office of the WHO Representative in the
Philippines

12. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
AIDS means that
the virus has
almost
destroyed the
immune system
- Occurs in
about (ave.)
8years from HIV
infection
12

13. Philippine National AIDS Council 13

14. Source of illustration: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF
Philippine National AIDS Council 14

15. Source: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF
Philippine National AIDS Council 15

16. Source of illustrations: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF
Philippine National AIDS Council 16

17. Sources of illustrations: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF; UNODC
Philippine National AIDS Council 17

18. How does a Person With HIV look like?
You can’t tell if a
person has HIV by
merely looking at
him/her

20. HIV Counseling and Testing
1. Client or partner have or
in the past suffered
from symptoms of STI
2. Client or partner have
multiple sexual partners
3. Client or partner have
history of injecting drug
National AIDS/STI Prevention & Control
Program
Department of Health

21. What if I test HIV-positive?
•the sooner you take steps to protect your health, the better.
•Early medical treatment, a healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude can
help you stay well and may delay the onset of AIDS and prevent some
life-threatening conditions.
21

22. TREATMENT
National AIDS/STI
Prevention & Control
Program
Department of Health
• Anti-retrovirals (ARV)
– for treatment (lifetime)
and PROPHYLAXIS)
-available for free in the
DOH-designated
Treatment Hubs
As of December 2009
more than 800 PLHIV on
ARV including children

23. Article I : Education
and Information
Article II : Safe
Practices and
Procedures
Article III : Testing,
Screening , and
Counseling
Article IV : Health and
Support Services
Article V : Monitoring
Article VI :
Promulgates policies and
Confidentiality
prescribes measures
Establishes a comprehensive HIV Article VII :
and AIDS monitoring system Discriminatory Acts and
Strengthens PNAC policies
Article VIII : The
Philippine National AIDS

25. Philippine National AIDS Council 25

26. 5th AMTP Strategies Framework
GOAL
By 2016, the country will have prevented the further spread of HIV infection and
reduced the impact of the disease on individuals, families, sectors and communities
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES
To improve the To improve the To enhance To strengthen To strengthen
coverage and coverage and policies for scaling capacities of the partnerships and
quality of quality of TCS up PNAC and its develop capacities
prevention programs for implementation, members to for the 5th AMTP
programs for people living with effective oversee the implementation of
persons at most HIV (including management and implementation of LGUs, private
risk, vulnerable those who remain coordination of the 5th AMTP sector, civil
and living with HIV at risk and HIV programs at society, including
vulnerable) and all levels communities of at-
their families risk, vulnerable,
and living with HIV
KEY STRATEGIES
• Develop evidence-based, targeted, Provide enabling Expand, build, Develop capacity of
comprehensive programs environment strengthen partners
• Capacitate service providers management,
partnerships and
• Provide equitable access to programs collaboration
• Enhance decentralized implementation
Philippine National AIDS Council 26

27. ♠ Behavior-related factors
♠ Programmatic factors
♠ Governance-related factors
Philippine National AIDS Council 27

28. 1. Continuing risky behavior among the
most-at-risk populations (MARPs)
2. Stigma & discrimination against
persons living with HIV (PLHIVs)
complicate the situation
3. Both behaviors (1 & 2) stem from a
low knowledge of HIV and AIDS
Philippine National AIDS Council 28

29. Philippine National AIDS Council 29

30. 1. Lack of political support from
the national and local levels
Philippine National AIDS Council 30

31. Investment coverage Total Est. funding gap Annual average
Investments (2011-2016) funding gap
(2011-2016)
Nationwide 18,899,888,952 16,286,288,952 2,714,381,492
Category A, B & C 7,960,103,333 5,346,503,333 891,083,889
Category A & B 7,018,804,751 4,405,204,751 734,200,792
Category A only 5,902,690,007 3,289,090,007 548,181,668
In Philippine Pesos
Philippine National AIDS Council 31

32. Philippine National AIDS Council 32

33. Link of STI and HIV ( Relationship)
Sexual Mode of Transmission
the same
People with STI easily get
HIV and pass the virus from one
person to another
Preventive Measures
the same
Clinical Services entry point
HIV education

34. Source of graphic: the-sticlinic.com
Philippine National AIDS Council 34

35. 35

36. Pain passing urine Severe itchiness Pain
Yellowish/abnormal Ulcerations Abdominal pain
discharge
Philippine National AIDS Council 36

37. ♠ Caused by bacteria called
neisseria gonorrheae
♠ Usual incubation period is
3 to 7 days
♠ Can be spread through
sexual contact
♠ Can affect genitals, throat
and anus
Symptoms
♠ Yellowish/ Purulent
discharge (tulo)
♠ Pelvic inflammation in
women
♠ Scrotal swelling in men
Philippine National AIDS Council 37

38. ♠ Caused by chlamydia
trachomatis
♠ Can infect the cervix,
urethra, rectum, throat
and eyes
♠ Also known as the
silent STI
Symptoms
♠ Pelvic inflammation
♠ Discharge
♠ Scrotal swelling in men
Philippine National AIDS Council 38

39. ♠ Caused by spirochete treponema
pallidum
♠ Chronic systemic disease (9-90 days)
♠ The organism moves through skin or
mucus membrane and into the
bloodstream
♠ Can be transmitted through mother to
child, blood transfusion, sexual contact
Source: Robert Taylor MD at
www.healthac.org
Symptom
♠ Lesions
Philippine National AIDS Council 39

40. ♠ Caused by Symptoms
human papilloma ♠ Lesions
virus (HPV) ♠ Warty growths
♠ Transmitted
directly from skin
to skin during
sexual contact
Philippine National AIDS Council 40

41. ♠ Caused by Symptoms
herpes ♠ Multiple, painful
simplex virus 2 shallow ulcers
♠ Incubation ♠ Painful urination
period is 2-12
days
Philippine National AIDS Council 41

42. Until a cure is found…
the only effective
prevention is NOT
to allow
the virus to enter
the body